scholarly journals Ресурсосберегающая технология возделывания раннего картофеля

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E. Dyikanova ◽  
A.G. Levshin ◽  
I.N. Gasparyan ◽  
O.N. Ivashova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Cost ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Saving Energy

Представлены материалы исследований влияния технологического приема – проращивания на получение ранней продукции. Прием позволяет сберечь энергетические ресурсы при возделывании раннего картофеля и получить максимальный доход. Отмечается повышение чистого энергетического дохода на 5,9–31,9%, коэффициентов энергетической себестоимости на 6,3–32,8%, а также снижение себестоимости на 0,09–0,33 ГДж/т клубней.The article presents the research materials of the influence of technological reception – germination on the production of early products, allowing saving energy resources in the cultivation of early potatoes and getting the maximum income. There is an increase in net energy income by 5.9–31.9%, coefficients of energy cost by 6.3–32.8%, as well as cost reduction by 0.09–0.33 GJ/t of tubers.

scholarly journals The effect of external lateral stabilization on energy cost of walking – A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Mahaki ◽  
Marco J M Hoozemans ◽  
Han Houdijk ◽  
Jaap H. van Dieën ◽  
Sjoerd M Bruijn
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Lateral Stability ◽  
Task Constraints ◽  
Arm Swing ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Individual Participant

AbstractPrevious studies have estimated the energy cost required for the control of medio-lateral stability in human walking by means of external lateral stabilization. Results were inconsistent, possibly due to differences in task constraints or stabilization devices. To better understand the effects of lateral stabilization on energy cost, we conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis of studies, which directly assessed effects of lateral stabilization on energy cost in healthy young adult participants (18-41 years old). We obtained individual participant data on net energy cost (J kg-1 m-1) from previously published studies. Across all studies reviewed, the net energy cost reduction during stabilized walking at preferred and zero step widths equaled to 0.05 ± 0.35 (~2-3% reduction) and 0.25 ± 0.29 J kg-1 m-1 (mean ± s.d.) (~8-9% reduction), respectively. The effect of external lateral stabilization was significant only for walking at zero step width and without arm swing. Lateral stabilization devices with short rope length increased energy cost reduction. However, spring stiffness and habituation time did not influence energy cost reduction. We provide recommendations for improvement of lateral stabilization devices to avoid some of the confounding effects. External lateral stabilization reduces energy cost during walking by a small amount. It can be concluded that a small proportion of total energy cost is required to control medio-lateral stability; this proportion is larger when walking with narrow steps and without arm swing.

scholarly journals DESIGN OF ENERGY EFFICIENT CONSTRUCTION FENCES WITH PRODUCTS FROM MODIFIEND FIBERS

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-105
Author(s):  
Alexey Aleksandrovich PAVLOV
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Saving Energy ◽  
Design Models ◽  
Building Regulations ◽  
Efficient Construction

New design models of walls with products of modifi ed fi bers in present conditions of design and operation according with new requirements of building regulations in the light of saving energy resources are viewed. Theory and results of heating calculation of construction fences are provided.

scholarly journals Parametric optimization of autoclave curing for energy cost reduction of fiber cement panels

2018 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 03029
Author(s):  
Rustem Mukhametrakhimov ◽  
Liliya Lukmanova
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Isothermal Aging ◽  
Parametric Optimization ◽  
Autoclave Curing ◽  
Factor Design ◽  
Three Factor

The results of experimental research on parametric optimization of autoclave curing for energy cost reduction of fiber cement panels are presented. Relation between the flexural strength of fiber cement panels and heating rate, the time of isothermal aging, the cooling rate of the autoclave has been established by the three-factor design of the second order.

Data-Driven Design of Control Strategies for Distributed Energy Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Odonkor ◽  
Kemper Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Cost ◽  
Cost Minimization ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Distributed Energy Resources ◽  
Maximization Problem ◽  
Distributed Energy

Abstract The flexibility afforded by distributed energy resources in terms of energy generation and storage has the potential to disrupt the way we currently access and manage electricity. But as the energy grid moves to fully embrace this technology, grid designers and operators are having to come to terms with managing its adverse effects, exhibited through electricity price volatility, caused in part by the intermittency of renewable energy. With this concern however comes interest in exploiting this price volatility using arbitrage—the buying and selling of electricity to profit from a price imbalance—for energy cost savings for consumers. To this end, this paper aims to maximize arbitrage value through the data-driven design of optimal operational strategies for distributed energy resources (DERs). Formulated as an arbitrage maximization problem using design optimization principles and solved using reinforcement learning, the proposed approach is applied toward shared DERs within multi-building residential clusters. We demonstrate its feasibility across three unique building clusters, observing notable energy cost reductions over baseline values. This highlights a capability for generalized learning across multiple building clusters and the ability to design efficient arbitrage policies for energy cost minimization. The scalability of this approach is studied using two test cases, with results demonstrating an ability to scale with relatively minimal additional computational cost, and an ability to leverage system flexibility toward cost savings.

A Pediatric Correlational Study of Stride Interval Dynamics, Energy Expenditure and Activity Level

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-249
Author(s):  
Denine Ellis ◽  
Ervin Sejdic ◽  
Karl Zabjek ◽  
Tom Chau
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Scaling Exponent ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Stride Interval

The strength of time-dependent correlations known as stride interval (SI) dynamics has been proposed as an indicator of neurologically healthy gait. Most recently, it has been hypothesized that these dynamics may be necessary for gait efficiency although the supporting evidence to date is scant. The current study examines over-ground SI dynamics, and their relationship with the cost of walking and physical activity levels in neurologically healthy children aged nine to 15 years. Twenty participants completed a single experimental session consisting of three phases: 10 min resting, 15 min walking and 10 min recovery. The scaling exponent (α) was used to characterize SI dynamics while net energy cost was measured using a portable metabolic cart, and physical activity levels were determined based on a 7-day recall questionnaire. No significant linear relationships were found between a and the net energy cost measures (r < .07; p > .25) or between α and physical activity levels (r = .01, p = .62). However, there was a marked reduction in the variance of α as activity levels increased. Over-ground stride dynamics do not appear to directly reflect energy conservation of gait in neurologically healthy youth. However, the reduction in the variance of α with increasing physical activity suggests a potential exercise-moderated convergence toward a level of stride interval persistence for able-bodied youth reported in the literature. This latter finding warrants further investigation.

Effect of vertical loading on energy cost and kinematics of running in trained male subjects

1995 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 2078-2085 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bourdin ◽  
A. Belli ◽  
L. M. Arsac ◽  
C. Bosco ◽  
J. R. Lacour
Keyword(s):  
Energy Cost ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
External Work ◽  
Vertical Loading ◽  
Gastrocnemius Lateralis

This investigation examined, in a group of 10 trained male runners, the effect of vertical loading during level treadmill running at a velocity of 5 m/s. The net energy cost of running (Cr), the external work of the center of mass of the body (Wext; both expressed in J.kg-1.m-1), and the eccentric-to-concentric ratio (Ecc/Con) of integrated electromyographic activity for the vastus lateralis (VL) and gastrocnemius lateralis muscles were measured. It was observed that Wext and Ecc/Con for the VL could explain a large part of the interindividual variations in Cr. This result reinforces the hypothesis that Ecc/Con could be a good index of effectiveness in the stretch-shortening cycle. When the subjects ran with a vertical load of 9.3% of their body mass, Cr and Wext were significantly reduced (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively), whereas Ecc/Con for the VL and gastrocnemius lateralis remained unchanged. The variations in Cr and Wext due to vertical loading were significantly correlated (r = 0.75; P < 0.01). It was then concluded that the significant improvement of Cr observed with the added load was mainly due to the fact that Wext was significantly decreased.

scholarly journals Exergoeconomic and Enviroeconomic Analysis of Photovoltaic Modules of Different Solar Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankita Gaur ◽  
G. N. Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Environmental Cost ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
The One

The exergoeconomic and enviroeconomic analysis of semitransparent and opaque photovoltaic (PV) modules based on different kinds of solar cells are presented. Annual electricity and net present values have also been computed for the composite climatic conditions of New Delhi, India. Irrespective of the solar cell type, the semitransparent PV modules have shown higher net energy loss rate (Len) and net exergy loss rate (Lex) compared to the opaque ones. Among all types of solar modules, the one based on c-Si, exhibited the minimum Len and Lex. Compared to the opaque ones, the semitransparent PV modules have shown higher CO2 reduction giving higher environmental cost reduction per annum and the highest environmental cost reduction per annum was found for a-Si PV module.

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