Synchronous primary breast carcinoma and pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm: Role of EUS-FNAC

Background: Thyroid carcinoma represents a complex pathology that can still be considered a medical challenge, despite having a better prognosis and life expectancy than most other neoplasms, also the scenario of multiple malignancies involving thyroid cancer is nowadays a common reality. Materials and methods: We reviewed the literature regarding the aggressive presentation of synchronous thyroid and breast cancer. In the current paper we are reporting the case of a 59 years-old woman, diagnosed with invasive ductal breast carcinoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma, presenting a natural history of both aggressive synchronous tumors. At the moment of hospitalization, the diagnostic was breast carcinoma with multiple secondary lesions, suggestive for lung and bone metastases, and nodular goiter. Results: Searching the literature PUBMED with the terms “thyroid carcinoma and synchronous breast carcinoma we found 86 studies; introducing the term “aggressive” the result included 4 studies, among them none being relevant for aggressive and synchronous. A similar search was done in SCOPUS finding 92 documents and after introducing the term aggressive, the number of papers was 8, none being for the synchronous aggressive metastatic thyroid and breast carcinoma. The majority of imaging diagnostic tools were used in this particular medical case, in order to ensure the best potential outcome. The final diagnostic was papillary thyroid carcinoma with lung and unusual multiple bone metastases and synchronous invasive ductal breast carcinoma with subcutaneous metastases. Conclusion: The case illustrates the challenges in correct assessment of oncologic patients, despite the advances in medical imaging and technologies and underlines the essential role of nuclear medicine procedures in the diagnostic and therapy protocols.

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The Role of lncRNA in the Development of Tumors, Including Breast Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22168427 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (16) ◽

pp. 8427

Author(s):

Beata Smolarz ◽

Anna Zadrożna-Nowak ◽

Hanna Romanowicz

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Breast Carcinoma ◽

Present Article ◽

Noncoding Rnas ◽

Long Noncoding Rnas ◽

Regulation Of Transcription ◽

Ribonucleic Acids ◽

Detailed Review ◽

Cellular Processes

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the largest groups of ribonucleic acids, but, despite the increasing amount of literature data, the least understood. Given the involvement of lncRNA in basic cellular processes, especially in the regulation of transcription, the role of these noncoding molecules seems to be of great importance for the proper functioning of the organism. Studies have shown a relationship between disturbed lncRNA expression and the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cancer. The present article presents a detailed review of the latest reports and data regarding the importance of lncRNA in the development of cancers, including breast carcinoma.

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Double-Balloon Enteroscopy in Detecting Small-Bowel Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: A Single-Center Prospective Study

Digestion ◽

10.1159/000511850 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Roberta Elisa Rossi ◽

Luca Elli ◽

Federica Branchi ◽

Dario Conte ◽

Sara Massironi

Keyword(s):

Small Bowel ◽

Neuroendocrine Neoplasm ◽

Unknown Primary ◽

Neuroendocrine Neoplasms ◽

Double Balloon Enteroscopy ◽

Balloon Enteroscopy ◽

Double Balloon ◽

Diagnostic Role ◽

Positive Results

Background and Aim: Small-bowel neuroendocrine neoplasm (sbNEN) diagnosis has improved with double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE). DBE efficacy in the detection of sbNENs is unknown. We aimed to report the experience at a single referral center for NENs. Methods: All consecutive patients with a suspected sbNEN selected for diagnostic DBE were enrolled. Results: Between 2011 and 2016, 25 patients were referred for a suspected sbNEN. In 15/25 patients, a primary NEN was detected outside the small bowel; in 4, NEN was excluded. After extensive workup, 6 patients (4 males, median age 50 years) underwent DBE (3 anterograde, 2 retrograde, and 1 both; median time: 60 min; median insertion 200 cm). DBE was positive in 3 patients: one had an ileal 2-cm NEN G1, one had an ileal 1.3-cm NEN G1, and one had an ileal 1-cm NEN G2, all surgically removed. Of the 3 other patients, one had a metastatic NEN of unknown primary, the other two had small intestinal NENs, both surgically removed (1.6-cm G1 and G2 NEN). DBE showed a sensitivity of 60% and, in absence of false-positive results, a specificity of 100%. Accuracy resulted 67%. No complications were observed. Conclusions: In line with data from the literature, the present series showed that DBE is a safe and effective procedure in the diagnosis of sbNENs. Further studies are needed to better clarify the diagnostic role of DBE in the neuroendocrine tumor setting and its relationship with other techniques.

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The Value of Alkaline Phosphatase-to-Albumin Ratio in Detecting Synchronous Metastases and Predicting Postoperative Relapses among Patients with Well-Differentiated Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

Journal of Oncology ◽

10.1155/2020/8927531 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wentao Zhou ◽

Yuan Fang ◽

Xu Han ◽

Tiantao Kuang ◽

Xuefeng Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Distant Metastasis ◽

Vascular Invasion ◽

Biological Behavior ◽

Neuroendocrine Neoplasm ◽

Albumin Ratio ◽

Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm ◽

Synchronous Metastases ◽

Well Differentiated ◽

Synchronous Distant Metastasis

Backgrounds. Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (pNEN) is a highly heterogeneous entity, presenting widely varied biological behavior as well as long-term prognosis. Reliable biomarkers are urgently needed to make risk stratifications for pNEN patients, which could be beneficial to the development of individualized therapeutic strategy in the clinical practice. Here, we aimed to evaluate the predictive and prognostic roles of serum alkaline phosphatase-to-albumin ratio (APAR) in well-differentiated pNEN patients. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed the pathologically confirmed grade 1/2 pNEN patients, who were originally treated in our hospital from February 2008 to April 2018. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the value of APAR in detecting synchronous metastases and predicting relapses following curative resections. Results. A total of 170 eligible cases were included into analysis. Logistic univariate analysis indicated APAR (P=0.002) was significantly associated with synchronous distant metastasis among well-differentiated pNEN patients, which was further demonstrated to be an independent risk factor by multivariate analysis (odds ratio 8.127, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.105–31.372, P=0.002). For the prognostic value, APAR (P=0.007) was statistically associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS) in nonmetastatic resected pNEN patients, but it was not an independent predictor. Further subgroup analysis showed that APAR was independently related to RFS in patients with no nerve (hazard ratio (HR) 7.685, 95% CI 1.433–41.209, P=0.017) or vascular invasion (HR 4.789, 95% CI 1.241–18.473, P=0.023), respectively. Conclusion. APAR may work as a convenient pretreatment marker to detect synchronous distant metastasis for well-differentiated pNEN patients and predict recurrences for curatively resected cases without nerve or vascular invasion. However, these findings should be further verified in prospectively well-designed studies.

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