The power of jimson weed - a case report of a toxic psychosis induced by Datura Stramonium

Abstract A description is provided for Alternaria crassa. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Datura stramonium (Jimson weed, thorn apple) and other species of Datura. DISEASE: Leaf spot of Datura. Irregular, straw-coloured, zonate spots occur first on the lower leaves, spreading upwards until later in the growing season the seed pods develop dark, sunken lesions. Heavily infected leaves are often shed. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Cuba, Cyprus, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Germany, Ghana, India, Italy, Jamaica, Kenya, Mozambique, Nepal, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Rhodesia, Rumania, Spain, Sudan, Switzerland, Tanzania, Turkey, Uganda, U.S.A., U.S.S.R., Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zambia. TRANSMISSION: Not known.

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Toxicological evaluation of jimson weed (Datura stramonium) seed

Food and Chemical Toxicology ◽

10.1016/0278-6915(89)90045-8 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 27 (8) ◽

pp. 501-510 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

G.M. Dugan ◽

M.R. Gumbmann ◽

Mendel Friedman

Keyword(s):

Datura Stramonium ◽

Toxicological Evaluation ◽

Jimson Weed

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Alkaloid extracts from Jimson weed ( Datura stramonium L.) modulate purinergic enzymes in rat brain

NeuroToxicology ◽

10.1016/j.neuro.2016.06.012 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 56 ◽

pp. 107-117 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Adedayo O. Ademiluyi ◽

Opeyemi B. Ogunsuyi ◽

Ganiyu Oboh

Keyword(s):

Rat Brain ◽

Datura Stramonium ◽

Jimson Weed ◽

Alkaloid Extracts

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Methods of Synthesizing Pure-Breeding Types with Predicted Characters in the Jimson Weed, Datura Stramonium

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.19.1.115 ◽

1933 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 115-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A. F. Blakeslee ◽

A. D. Bergner ◽

A. G. Avery

Keyword(s):

Datura Stramonium ◽

Jimson Weed

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Clinical and pathological studies on intoxication in horses from freshly cut Jimson weed (Datura stramonium)-contaminated maize intended for ensiling : clinical communication

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association ◽

10.4102/jsava.v77i4.380 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 77 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R. Binev ◽

I. Valchev ◽

J. Nikolov

Keyword(s):

Clinical Status ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Datura Stramonium ◽

General Behaviour ◽

Clinical Communication ◽

Jimson Weed ◽

Intestinal Gas ◽

Acute Gastric Dilatation ◽

Shallow Breathing ◽

Cardiac Lesions

Spontaneous intoxication in 34 horses after ingesting freshly harvested maize that was to be used for ensiling and heavily contaminated with young Datura stramonium plants, is described. The clinical status of all horses was monitored for 7 days, and included body (rectal) temperature, respiratory and heart rates, colour and moistness of visible mucosae, changes in pupil size, appetite, thirst, general behaviour, locomotion, sensory perceptions, urination and defaecation. The intoxication was accompanied by altered clinical status, namely mild hyperthermia, tachycardia, polypnoea, dyspnoea and shallow breathing, mydriasis, dry oral, rectal, vaginal and nasal mucosae, acute gastric dilatation and severe intestinal gas accumulation, anorexia to complete refusal of feed, decreased or absent thirst, absence of defaecation and urination. As a result of the treatment, the clinical parameters normalised between days 2 and 5. Necropsies and pathological studies were performed on two horses that died, revealing toxic liver dystrophy, cardiac lesions and substantial dystrophic and necrotic processes in the kidneys. The observed clinical signs, the pathomorphological changes and the applied therapy could be used in the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of Jimson weed intoxication.

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