scholarly journals Comparative Phytochemical Screening and Pharmacognostic Study on Stem Bark and Root bark of Endangered Medicinal Plant Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Virendra Rajak ◽  
◽  
◽  
◽  
Vandana Pathak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Oroxylum Indicum ◽  
Endangered Medicinal Plant

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of Stem Bark, Leaf and Root Extract of Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-131
Author(s):  
Lawaly Maman Manzo ◽  
Halima Diallo Bako ◽  
Moussa Idrissa
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Sclerocarya Birrea

Background: Sclerocarya birrea is widely used in Nigerien communities for medicinal purposes to treat several gastrointestinal diseases including diarrhea. To lend credibility to its traditional use against diarrhea, laboratory studies were conducted. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the antibacterial activity and the phytochemical constituents of the crude extracts of root, bark and leaf of S. birrea. Materials and Methods: The collected different plant parts were air dried, powdered and separately extracted with ethanol and methanol. The alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin and tannin contents in all the plant parts were estimated using standard methods. The total and serially diluted fractions of the extracts were tested for antibacterial activity against selected enteropathogens by agar well diffusion and deep-well microdilution method. Results: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoid, saponin and tannin in all the plant extracts. The extracts from the different parts showed varied antibacterial activity against the test bacteria. The bark extracts showed superior activity against Escherichia coli (zone of inhibition = 17 mm) and Salmonella typhi (zone of inhibition = 20 mm) at 200 mg/mL. Conclusion: The presence of important phytochemical groups and the antibacterial potential of alcoholic extracts of S. birrea could permit to justify its traditional usage against diarrhea.

scholarly journals Dynamics to Enhance the Conservation of Locally Threatened Medicinal Plant Species (Maerua Oblongifolia) Through Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathewos Agize Ante ◽  
Zemede Asfaw Woldemariam ◽  
Sileshi Nemomissa Duguma ◽  
Tizazu Gebre Alemayehu ◽  
Mathewos Anza Alemu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Threatened Medicinal Plant

Abstract Introduction: For generations, many plants were extracted to find drugs and to discover novel and new chemical structures from extracts. Maerua oblongifolia (Forsk.) A. Rich, “Sangganaa” in Dawuro language is a locally threatened traditional medicinal plant, which is traditionally used to treat diarrhea. The present study aimed to check the chemical contents of the different plant parts for possible shifting of the extensive use of the root to other parts of the plant.Methods: Phytochemical screening tests were carried out by standard procedures to investigate various classes of secondary metabolites. Roots, root bark, stem bark, and leaves were extracted by maceration in aqueous and ethanol to get crude extracts. Antibacterial effect of extracts against Escherichia coli and Salmonella thypi was evaluated by the disc diffusion method. Results: The phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenols, carbohydrates, and proteins in the tested parts of the plant. Antibacterial activity displayed the extracts of M. oblongifolia against tested bacteria strains in dose dependent manner. Among tested extracts, roots and stem barks ethanol extracts showed potential antibacterial activity, with zone of inhibitions (19.0 ± 1.15, 17.0 ±1.00) in 100 mg/mL, and (17.3 ± 0.57, 15.0 ± 1.00) in 50 mg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: The finding showed a possibility to shift stem bark instead of roots in the use of traditional medicinal practices to ensure conservation and sustainable use of Maerua oblongifolia. The finding also supports the traditional use of the plant’s root or stem bark for the treatment of diarrhea.

scholarly journals Gene Expression Mediated Antiproliferative Potential and Safety of Selected Medicinal Plants Against Cancerous and Normal Cells

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Wachuka Mbugua ◽  
Eliud Mwaniki Njagi ◽  
Chrispus Mutuku Ngule ◽  
Peter Mwitari
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Selective Toxicity ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Cancerous Cell ◽  
Albizia Gummifera

AbstractGlobally, approximately 13% of all deaths annually are attributed to cancer. Surgery, radiation and chemotherapy are the current treatment techniques for cancer, however these methods are expensive, have high failure rates and have been associated with detrimental side effects. Plant derived products could be good candidates in alleviating challenges being experienced with these current methods. This study aimed at evaluating the phytochemistry, antiproliferation potential, and probable mechanism of action ofAlbizia gummifera,Rhamnus staddoandSenna didymobotryaplant extracts. Phytochemical screening was done as per standard procedures. The common 3– (4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) dye was used in the determination of the antiproliferative activity of the extracts. Extracts induction ofVEGF(angiogenesis) and p53 (apoptosis) genes’ expression was evaluated using Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction. Phytochemical screening revealed presence of alkaloids, tannins, glycosides, flavonoids, terpenes, phenolics and saponins in the plants extracts.A. gummifera’sstem bark methanol: dichloromethane extract had the highest activity against the cancerous cell lines tested: HCC1395 (IC506.07±0.04μg/ml), DU145 (IC503.34±0.05μg/ml), CT26 (IC505.78±0.08μg/ml) and Hep2 (IC507.02±0.01μg/ml).R. staddoroot bark methanol: dichloromethane extract had an IC50value of 15.71±0.04μg/ml on HCC, 9.81±0.09μg/ml on Hep2 and 11.14±0.39μg/ml on CT26.S. didymobotryaroot bark methanol: dichloromethane extract inhibited HCC with an IC50of 65.06±0.07μg/ml, CT26 with an IC50of 15.71±0.04μg/ml and Hep2 with an IC50of 62.10±0.11μg/ml. From the results obtained, the plants exhibited selective toxicity to cancer cells while sparing the normal cells (SI ≥ 3).A. gummiferaandS. didymobotryaandR. staddoplant extracts upregulated p53 and down-regulatedVEGFgenes. In conclusion, this study confirms that these plant extracts could be potential candidates for development of drugs for the management of breast, prostrate, colorectal and throat cancer.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening of in vitro Raised Clones and Mother Plant of Celastrus paniculatus-Willd, an Endangered Medicinal Plant

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anusha Tharayil Koon Sasidharan ◽  
Megha Kizhakkepurakk Balachandr ◽  
Joseph Madassery ◽  
Kothanam Kuzhiyil Elyas
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Mother Plant ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Endangered Medicinal Plant ◽  
Celastrus Paniculatus

Chemical Composition of Oroxylum indicum: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 296-300
Author(s):  
Yogita Chowdhary
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Ayurvedic Medicine ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Leaf Fall ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Oroxylum Indicum

Root bark of sonapatha is an astringent, tonic, anti-diarrhoeal, diuretic, anodyne, and is used to cure dropsy. It is an ingredient of ‘dashamoolarishta’ of Ayurvedic medicine. Stem bark is anti-rheumatic. An infusion of bark powder is diaphoretic. Tender fruits have spas- molytic, carminative, and stomachic properties, while seeds are purgative.it is a medium-sized, soft-wooded tree attaining a height of 10–16 m. Stem bark is dull brown in colour; leaves are broad, 60–120 cm in length and pinnately compound. Leaflets are ovate, wavy, and acuminate. Leaf fall occurs during winter season (January) each year. The tree is recognized by ternately bipinnate leaves. The root bark contains chrysin, baicalein, dehydrobaicalein, and orozylin. Stem bark possesses flavonoids such as oroxylin, baicalein, scutelarin and 7-rutinoside, chrysin, and p-coumaric acid. Heartwood yields β-sitosterol and isoflavone-prunetin. Root bark of sonapatha is an astringent, tonic, anti-diarrhoeal, diuretic, anodyne, and is used to cure dropsy. It is an ingredient of ‘dashamoolarishta’ of Ayurvedic medicine. Stem bark is anti-rheumatic. An infusion of bark powder is diaphoretic. Tender fruits have spas- molytic, carminative, and stomachic properties, while seeds are purgative. It is a medium-sized, soft-wooded tree attaining a height of 10–16 m. Stem bark is dull brown in colour; leaves are broad, 60–120 cm in length and pinnately compound. Leaflets are ovate, wavy, and acuminate. Leaf fall occurs during winter season (January) each year. The tree is recognized by ternately bipinnate leaves. The root bark contains chrysin, baicalein, dehydrobaicalein, and orozylin. Stem bark possesses flavonoids such as oroxylin, baicalein, scutelarin.

scholarly journals Pharmacognostic, phytochemical, biological and spectroscopic analyses of Capparis decidua (Forsk.) Edgew root and stem bark

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2667-2675
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asif Wazir ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal Azhar ◽  
Zafar Alam Mehmood ◽  
Muhammad Imran Qadir ◽  
M. Younis Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Spectroscopic Analyses ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Ordinary Light ◽  
Capparis Decidua

Purpose: To investigate the pharmacognostic, phytochemical, biological and spectroscopic analyses of Capparis decidua (Forsk.) Edgew root and stem bark.Methods: Plant material (root and stem bark) was collected, authenticated, shade-dried and extracted by maceration using methanol as a solvent separately. Powder microscopy was performed using a binocular microscope. Fluorescence, physico-chemical analysis and phytochemical screening for the presence of secondary metabolites were performed using standard methods. Brine shrimp lethalitybioassay was carried out using Artemia salina bioassay, while enzymatic modulatory study was performed by α-amylase inhibition assay. Microscopic analysis was carried out with scanning electron microscopy. Spectroscopic analysis was performed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).Results: Powder microscopy showed the presence of different cellular structures. Various colors were observed under ultraviolet (UV) and ordinary light when treated with different reagents. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins and flavonoids but phenol and cardiac glycosides were absent from both extracts. The root bark of the plant showed significant brine shrimp lethality activity.Conclusion: Capparis decidua (Forsk.) Edgew root and stem bark contain a variety of bioactive compounds that have medicinal and therapeutic potentials. Therefore, further investigations are required to elucidate their pharmacological properties. Keywords: Capparis decidua (Forsk.) Edgew, Phytochemical, Spectroscopy, α-Amylase

scholarly journals Phytochemical Studies ofStrychnos potatorumL.f.- A Medicinal Plant

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 510-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. Mallikharjuna ◽  
L. N. Rajanna ◽  
Y. N. Seetharam ◽  
G. K. Sharanabasappa
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Preliminary Screening ◽  
Strychnos Potatorum ◽  
Phytochemical Studies ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

The present paper deals with the phytochemical screening of therapeutic importance fromStrychnos potatorumL.f., an important medicinal plant. This study involves the preliminary screening, quantitative determination and the qualitative thin layer chromatographic separation of secondary metabolites from the root, stem bark and seeds (collected and market) ofS.potatorum. Further, HPLC alkaloid profile of the seed has been studied. The generated data has provided the basis for its wide use as the therapeutant both in the traditional and folk medicines.

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