Efficacy of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in healthcare workers

Aim. To establish the efficacy of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) for healthcare workers protection from occupational acquired infection and impact of healthcare staff vaccination on the risk of transmission to patients. Materials and methods. Healthcare personnel (n=157 of whom 105 critical care department staff) and 1770 patients of that critical care department observed. Healthcare workers received PCV13. Infections caused by Str. pneumoniae, respiratory infections regardless of etiology, work absenteeism in healthcare workers during 12 month before and after vaccination assessed. In the same time monitoring of hospital-acquired infections in patients of critical care department performed. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 24, relationships were assessed by rate ratio, Cox regression, logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier estimator. Results. Healthcare workers' vaccine coverage in critical care department was 97.2%. In healthcare personnel the rate of all pneumococcal infections, asymptomatic carriage of Str. pneumoniae and respiratory pneumococcal infections were decreased after vaccination by 2.1, 2.2 and 2.1 times accordingly. The rate of respiratory infections regardless of etiology was decreased by 30%, р

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Reduced Risk of Serious Pneumococcal Infection Up to 10 Years After 7-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Arthritis Patients

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1145857/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Johanna Nagel ◽

Göran Jönsson ◽

Jan-Åke Nilsson ◽

Chanchai Manuswin ◽

Martin Englund ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Relative Risk ◽

Risk Reduction ◽

Conjugate Vaccine ◽

Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽

Relative Risk Reduction ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Pneumococcal Infection ◽

Pneumococcal Infections ◽

Serious Infections ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Background: To examine rates of serious pneumococcal infections up to 10 years after vaccination with 7-valent conjugated pneumococcal vaccine (PCV7) in patients with arthritis compared to non-vaccinated arthritis patients.Methods: In total, 595 adult arthritis patients (rheumatoid arthritis; RA=342, 80% women and spondylarthropathy; SpA=253, 45% women) received one dose of PCV7. Mean age/disease duration were 62/16 and 51/14 years, respectively. For each patient, 4 matched reference subjects were identified.At vaccination, 420 patients received bDMARDs (anti-TNF=330, tocilizumab=15, abatacept=18, anakinra=1, rituximab=56). Methotrexate was given as monotherapy (n=86) or in combination with bDMARD (n=220). 89 SpA patients received NSAIDs without DMARD. The Skåne Healthcare Register was searched for ICD-10 diagnostic codes for pneumococcal infections (pneumonia, lower respiratory tract infection, septicemia, meningitis, septic arthritis) between January 2000 and December 2018. Frequency of infections after vs before vaccination were calculated (relative risks). Relative risk ratio (RRR) and relative risk reduction (1-RRR) were calculated comparing patients vs non-vaccinated references. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression were used to investigate time to first event and predictors of infections.Results: Among vaccinated RA and SpA patients, there was a significant relative risk reduction of pneumonia and all serious infections; 53% and 46%, respectively. There was no significant difference in time to first pneumonia or all serious infections after vaccination between patients and references. Higher age, RA diagnosis and concomitant prednisolone were associated with infections.Conclusion: One dose of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine may decrease risk of serious pneumococcal infection up to 10 years in patients with arthritis receiving immunomodulating treatment. Clinical trial registration number: EudraCT EU 2007-006539-29 and NCT 00828997

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A Review of Pneumococcal Vaccines: Current Polysaccharide Vaccine Recommendations and Future Protein Antigens

The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics ◽

10.5863/1551-6776-21.1.27 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 27-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Calvin C. Daniels ◽

P. David Rogers ◽

Chasity M. Shelton

Keyword(s):

Conjugate Vaccine ◽

Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽

Invasive Disease ◽

Polysaccharide Vaccine ◽

Pneumococcal Vaccines ◽

Protein Antigens ◽

Pneumococcal Infections ◽

Serotype Replacement ◽

Vaccine Recommendations ◽

Vaccine Antigens

This review describes development of currently available pneumococcal vaccines, provides summary tables of current pneumococcal vaccine recommendations in children and adults, and describes new potential vaccine antigens in the pipeline. Streptococcus pneumoniae, the bacteria responsible for pneumonia, otitis media, meningitis and bacteremia, remains a cause of morbidity and mortality in both children and adults. Introductions of unconjugated and conjugated pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines have each reduced the rate of pneumococcal infections caused by the organism S. pneumoniae. The first vaccine developed, the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23), protected adults and children older than 2 years of age against invasive disease caused by the 23 capsular serotypes contained in the vaccine. Because PPSV23 did not elicit a protective immune response in children younger than 2 years of age, the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) containing seven of the most common serotypes from PPSV23 in pediatric invasive disease was developed for use in children younger than 2 years of age. The last vaccine to be developed, the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13), contains the seven serotypes in PCV7, five additional serotypes from PPSV23, and a new serotype not contained in PPSV23 or PCV7. Serotype replacement with virulent strains that are not contained in the polysaccharide vaccines has been observed after vaccine implementation and stresses the need for continued research into novel vaccine antigens. We describe eight potential protein antigens that are in the pipeline for new pneumococcal vaccines.

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Lower respiratory infections mortality among Brazilians under-five before and after national pneumococcal conjugate vaccine implementation

Vaccine ◽

10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.01.084 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (11) ◽

pp. 2559-2565 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Paulo Camargos ◽

Cristiana M. Nascimento-Carvalho ◽

Renato Teixeira ◽

Elisabeth França

Keyword(s):

Conjugate Vaccine ◽

Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Under Five ◽

Before And After

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Citywide preparedness for a pandemic: A crosssectional survey of knowledge, attitudes, and practices about respiratory infection prevention in Bogotá, Colombia

Biomédica ◽

10.7705/biomedica.5526 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 (Supl. 2) ◽

pp. 159-165

Author(s):

Jorge Alberto Cortés ◽

Pilar Espitia ◽

Yuliet Liliana Rosero-Lasso

Keyword(s):

Infection Control ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Healthcare Personnel ◽

Local Health Authority ◽

Local Health ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Adequate Knowledge ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Introduction: Healthcare personnel plays an important role in the prevention of acute respiratory infections in hospital settings.Objective: Our aim was to establish the level of knowledge about respiratory virus infections and the attitudes and practices among healthcare workers, leaders of infection control committees in hospitals of Bogotá, Colombia.Materials and methods: We used a self-administered questionnaire of 28 items during the monthly meeting sponsored by the local health authority. “Yes or no” and “true or false” questions were applied to measure knowledge. Attitudes and practices were measured with a Likert-type scale according to the agreement degree.Results: We surveyed 70 healthcare workers. Respondents demonstrated a good level of knowledge as 80% of them answered correctly more than five questions. A total of 54.4% showed a low degree of agreement when asked if their institutions have the policy to stay home when they are sick with respiratory symptoms and 67.1% never or rarely remain at home under such conditions.Conclusion: Healthcare worker leaders of infection control committees in Bogotá’s ospitals have adequate knowledge about the prevention of seasonal respiratory viruses. There is a need for implementing urgent sick leave policies as a measure to prevent the spread of potential coronavirus infections in hospitals.

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Acute lower respiratory infections in Indigenous infants in Australia's Northern Territory across three eras of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine use (2006–15): a population-based cohort study

The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health ◽

10.1016/s2352-4642(20)30090-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

pp. 425-434 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Michael J Binks ◽

Jemima Beissbarth ◽

Victor M Oguoma ◽

Susan J Pizzutto ◽

Amanda J Leach ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Conjugate Vaccine ◽

Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Population Based ◽

Northern Territory ◽

Acute Lower Respiratory Infections

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Evolution of pneumococcal infections in adult patients during a four-year period after vaccination of a pediatric population with 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine

International Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1016/j.ijid.2014.12.035 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 ◽

pp. 22-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Antoni Payeras ◽

Aroa Villoslada ◽

Margarita Garau ◽

Mª. Neus Salvador ◽

Mª. Carmen Gallegos

Keyword(s):

Conjugate Vaccine ◽

Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Adult Patients ◽

Pneumococcal Infections

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Prevention ofStreptococcus pneumoniae(pneumococcal) infections in adults

Orvosi Hetilap ◽

10.1556/oh.2014.30070 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 155 (50) ◽

pp. 1996-2004 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Endre Ludwig ◽

Zsófia Mészner

Keyword(s):

Conjugate Vaccine ◽

Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽

Pneumococcal Infection ◽

Polysaccharide Vaccine ◽

Diagnostic Tools ◽

Renal Diseases ◽

Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine ◽

Pneumococcal Infections ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

One Year

Infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) are still meaning a serious health problem, about 40% of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is due to pneumococcal bacteria in adults requiring hospitalization. The incidence and mortality rate of pneumococcal infections is increasing in the population above 50 years of age. Certain congenital and acquired immunocompromised conditions make the individual susceptible for pneumococcal infection and other chronic comorbidities should be considered as a risk factor as well, such as liver and renal diseases, COPD, diabetes mellitus. Lethality of severe pneumococcal infections with bacteraemia still remains about 12% despite adequate antimicrobial therapy in the past 60 years. Underestimation of pneumococcal infections is mainly due to the low sensitivity of diagnostic tools and underuse of bacteriological laboratory confirmation methods. 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-13) became available recently beyond the 23-valent polysacharide vaccine (PPV-23) which has been using for a long time.The indication and proper administration of the two vaccines are based on international recommendations and vaccination guideline published by National Centre for Epidemiology (NCE):Pneumococcal vaccination is recommended for: Every person above 50 years of age. Patients of all ages with chronic diseases who are susceptible for severe pneumococcal infections: respiratory (COPD), heart, renal, liver disease, diabetes, or patients under immunsuppressive treatment. Smokers regardless of age and comorbidities. Cochlear implants, cranial-injured patients. Patients with asplenia.Recommendation for administration of the two different vaccines:Adults who have not been immunized previously against pneumococcal disease must be vaccinated with a dose of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine first. This protection could be extended with administration of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine at least two month later. Adults who have been immunized previously, but above 65 years of age, with a 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine are recommended to get one dose of conjugate vaccine at least one year later. Adults who have been immunized previously, but under 65 years of age, with a 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine are recommended to get one dose of conjugate vaccine at least one year later. After a minimal interval of two months one dose of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine is recommended if at least 5 years have elapsed since their previous PPSV23 dose. Vaccination of immuncompromised patients (malignancy, transplantation, etc.) and patients with asplenia should be defined by vaccinology specialists. Pneumococcal vaccines may be administered concommitantly or any interval with other vaccines. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(50), 1996–2004.

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