scholarly journals MARKETIZATION OF RESEARCH ACHIEVEMENTS OF UNIVERSITIES AND THE STARTUPS OF FEMALE SCHOLARS IN COASTAL CHINA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
Jueping- Xie
Keyword(s):  
Academic Entrepreneurship ◽  
Role Theory ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Case Research ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Role Transformation ◽  
Technological Entrepreneurship ◽  
Entrepreneurship Theory ◽  
Coastal China

There are more and more researches on academic entrepreneurship in coastal China, but the research on female scholars’ entrepreneurship is very rare. At present, female scholars occupy one-third of the total number of scholars, so it is a profound and valuable question how to promote female scholars to take part in the marketization of research achievements and to start up business. From the perspective of human capital and social gender role theory, the paper makes the double-case research to find some problems in the process of transformation from female scholars to female entrepreneurs. For example, the influencing factors are more and complex, the entrepreneurial process is more difficult. The paper’s research conclusion can enrich the academic entrepreneurship theory and provide the important reference value for the role transformation of female scholars in the startups. At the same time, it can also help universities and governments to establish the relevant scientific and technological entrepreneurship policies.

Credibility-Driven Entrepreneurship

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Rehme ◽  
Peter Svensson
Keyword(s):  
New Product Development ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Marketing Theory ◽  
Start Up ◽  
External Stakeholders ◽  
Entrepreneurship Theory ◽  
First Sale ◽  
Speed To Market ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
Business To Business

This article investigates how external stakeholders influence the first sale of technology-based business-to-business start-up companies. The authors combine entrepreneurship theory with marketing theory to describe the marketing and selling activities of start-ups and how new ventures reach key milestones. The study shows how two start-ups, an e-business firm and a new product development firm, acquired their first customers. The analysis provides a picture of how a network of the firms' founders, board members and owners contributed to their first sales. It also highlights the importance of sales activities, relationships and industrial knowledge. The paper examines the importance of external stakeholders' relative positions in the web of relationships and assesses how relevant these are in affecting outcomes and speed to market. The authors conclude that the first sale follows a time line with three important phases of activities involving credibility, closing and operations. They find that credibility is best obtained through establishing relationships.

scholarly journals Exploring Young Female Entrepreneurial Activity in the United Arab Emirates: Issues, Prospects, and Implications for the Region

1970 ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Yusuf Sidani
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Female Entrepreneurship ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Arab Region ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Entrepreneurial Motivations ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities

This study attempts to sketch a profile of young female entrepreneurs in the Arab region as they start their business organisations and take the first few steps in the development of their business. It attempts to draw a profile of a number of local Emirati women entrepreneurs and their characteristics, what attracts them to their businesses, and the hurdles they face as they enter into their line of business. In addition, it outlines the makeup of their entrepreneurial businesses, and identifies some barriers that women face at the start-up stage, in addition to their entrepreneurial motivations and driving forces, satisfactions, and frustrations. This is preceded by a brief overview of models of female entrepreneurship and an exploration of previous research into female entrepreneurship and women status in the Arab region. To accomplish this, we conducted thirteen interviews with young female entrepreneurs to assess the special challenges facing them as they go about starting and running their business ventures. We tried to gauge the interviewees’ entrepreneurial activities, their satisfaction with their business ventures, and the perceived opportunities and obstacles that they face. While this study explores the specific case of the UAE, the wider implications on young female Arab entrepreneurs are discussed.

Establishing a retro-marketing rental company

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Justin O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Business Planning ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Service Concept ◽  
Teaching Case ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Management Students

‘Establishing a retro-marketing rental company: VW Kamper’ is a teaching case study primarily targeted for postgraduate and advanced undergraduate entrepreneurship, marketing and management students who are seeking to learn a range of small business start-up business planning and evaluation methods. The case draws theoretically on the brand revival characteristic framework of Brown, Kozinets and Sherry to consider the allure of renting a nostalgic Volkswagen (VW) campervan for a glamorous camping experience while relating some of the growing literature pertaining to the challenges faced by female entrepreneurs. The case provides financial and marketing contextual information to practically engage students with an intriguing and authentic motorhome rental service concept to help develop financial reasoning skills related to new ventures and risk.

Entrepreneurial intentions and start-ups: Are women or men more likely to enact their intentions?

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel S Shinnar ◽  
Dan K Hsu ◽  
Benjamin C Powell ◽  
Haibo Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Role Theory ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Social Role Theory ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Management Students ◽  
Start Ups

While empirical data clearly show that women are underrepresented among entrepreneurs, the causes of this gap are entirely not clear. This article explores one potential cause: that women might be less likely to act on their entrepreneurial intentions. Building on Ajzen’s theory of planned behaviour, we propose that intentions predict start-up behaviours, that is, that there is an intention–behaviour link. We then apply social role theory to propose that the intention–behaviour link is moderated by sex. Analysing data drawn from a sample of US-based management students during their first session in an introductory entrepreneurship course, at the end of the course, on their graduation and at a point up to three years after graduation, we find support for the intention–behaviour link and moderation of this link by sex. We identify additional contributions from our study and implications of our findings for addressing the sex gap in entrepreneurship.

The relational capital of micro-enterprises run by women: the startup phase

VINE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Paoloni ◽  
John Dumay
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Relational Capital ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Current Events ◽  
Micro Enterprises

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate how relational capital contributes to the startup phase of women-owned micro-enterprises. The motivation for the study stems from the fact that micro-enterprises are key drivers of economic growth and that woman entrepreneurs are key developers of these businesses. Design/methodology/approach – To gather data for our study, a qualitative research methodology was adopted using a case study approach based on examining current events of real life in depth (Yin, 2009). Nine cases of micro-enterprises run by women are analysed, focusing on the management of the start-up phase to investigate the nature and role of the relationships that are activated by the entrepreneurs. Findings – The paper develops the CAOS model of micro-entrepreneurship, examining the personal characteristics of the female entrepreneur (C); the environment in which the micro-enterprise operates (A); organizational and managerial aspects (O); and the motivations for starting a new business (S). Using this model, the authors’ are able to link these factors and classify different types of connections, it is possible to identify the kind of existing relations. From the analysis, it was found that a predominant use of networks characterized by informal and permanent relations, supporting the need to reconcile work and family and to involve relatives and friends in the network. This emphasizes the lack of strategy in the female-run micro-enterprises. Originality/value – Given that female entrepreneurship is regarded as central to the development and welfare of economies, the deepening of knowledge of how women entrepreneurs manage the start-up of her business can contribute to improving the effectiveness policies aimed at promoting the participation of female entrepreneurs in the economy.

The European Entrepreneurial University

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 325-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Etzkowitz
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Academic Entrepreneurship ◽  
Entrepreneurial University ◽  
European Universities ◽  
Research Mission ◽  
Start Up ◽  
The University

The European entrepreneurial university is based on the teaching mission of the university, whereas US academic entrepreneurship is typically an extension of the research mission. Recognizing that the European professoriate has traditionally been more removed from entrepreneurship than its US counterpart, some European universities have organized programmes to train students to develop start-up firms. Nevertheless, given similar goals of encouraging science-based regional development, and increasing the returns to the university from its research and other activities, it can be expected that European and US universities will adopt each other's entrepreneurial formats in coming years.

ACADEMIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN LIFE SCIENCES: THE CASE OF A MODERATE INNOVATOR COUNTRY

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (01) ◽  
pp. 1650004 ◽  
Author(s):  
AURORA A. C. TEIXEIRA ◽  
JOÃO NOGUEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Academic Entrepreneurship ◽  
Life Science ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Econometric Analysis ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Academic World ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
Start Up

The commercialization of research done by universities and research institutes is seen as a key element of entrepreneurship, justifying a better understanding of the entrepreneurial process within those institutions. Despite efforts in recent decades, there remains a widespread ignorance about who are the individuals with a greater vocation for research and marketing of knowledge. Focusing on a relatively unexplored context — the field of life sciences in a moderate innovator country, Portugal — this study adds new empirical evidence to the precedents of academic entrepreneurship. The results, based on 247 responses, evidence that entrepreneurship (including patent production, consultancy work and creation of start-up companies) is still very incipient. The econometric analysis of the “Index of entrepreneurial activity,” shows that: (1) the phenomenon of academic entrepreneurship is within everyone’s reach, but embraced by very few; and (2) academic entrepreneurship feeds on the exchange of knowledge and resources among universities and research institutes and their socio-economic environment. Thus, to increase academic entrepreneurship in life science in Portugal, the mechanisms to facilitate the interactions between universities and the business community must be strengthened, promoting the development of business clusters with the integration of the academic world, which will enable the transformation of knowledge into market products and services.

Entrepreneurial aspirations and start-up motives of women chemists in Germany

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ute Pascher ◽  
Melanie Roski ◽  
Brigitte Halbfas
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Employed Women

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to promote better understanding of different women entrepreneurs and self-employed women with regard to their educational level and field of study. Foremost, the aim is providing detailed knowledge about the phenomenon of women self-employed chemists in R & D sectors and throwing light not only on the single women but also on the general conditions they are working in and their opportunities to get ahead. Design/methodology/approach – The interdisciplinary research team followed an integrated research approach and combined qualitative with quantitative methods. By focussing on motives and causes of women self-employed chemists, this paper refers to the findings of two sub-studies, an online survey on self-employed (female and male) chemists in Germany and a qualitative study on the basis of biographical interviews tracing the professional biographies of women self-employed chemists. Moreover, the findings are analysed based on other sub-studies, like the analysis of the (start-up) conditions within the chemical industry and a discourse analysis of a well-known chemical periodical. Findings – It was found that the differences between female and male chemists turning self-employed or starting a business are less pronounced than the differences between male and female founders, in general. Research demonstrates that women chemists do have high qualifications and if they become entrepreneurs, the main cause for that is escaping their organisational employment. Being entrepreneurially active, women chemists might work more satisfactorily, at least they are able to surround the glass ceiling. Originality/value – This paper seeks to fill the gap of limited in-depth information on knowledge about female entrepreneurs and self-employed women with an academic background in chemistry. Focussing on one single field of study and profession of female entrepreneurs is, in that way, unique, as the research has looked on professionals who are not predestined for entry in entrepreneurship.

Determinants of innovation decisions among Emirati female-owned small and medium enterprises

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fauzia Jabeen ◽  
Mohd Nishat Faisal ◽  
Huda Al Matroushi ◽  
Sherine Farouk
Keyword(s):  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Innovation Strategy ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Priority Vector ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that influence the innovation decisions of Emirati women-owned small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Design/methodology/approach This study uses a two-phased approach. In the first phase, empirical research on 50 Emirati female entrepreneurs is conducted to discover the extent of innovation in their ventures. In the second phase, the study uses an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to prioritize factors considered important in facilitating business innovation among SMEs. The AHP model is developed with 9 criteria and 25 sub-criteria based on the previous literature. Face-to-face interviews are conducted with Emirati female entrepreneurs operating nascent (n = 10), start-up (n = 10) and established innovative (n = 10) businesses to collect data for the AHP study. The data collected are interpreted and a priority vector is assigned to each criterion and sub-criterion. Findings Female SME owners prioritize government policies, research and development, innovation strategy and skill development as the main criteria that influence their innovation decisions. Family support, access to external financing, social networks and the allocation of funds are the main sub-criteria affecting their decisions to be innovative. Furthermore, respondents who are in the nascent business stage consider family motivation as the greatest influence on initiating new ideas through financial and moral support. Among all respondents, the nascent business owners rank skill development the highest because they are still in the initial stages of their business journeys, and thus, obtaining these skills could help them increase innovation and success in their ventures. However, respondents in the established stage rank innovation strategy the highest. Research limitations/implications The study results can help policymakers and women’s associations, such as businesswomen councils, identify the specific inhibitors and facilitators linked to innovation and, thereby, help develop various effective policies to promote innovation among Emirati women-owned SMEs. Originality/value The study is one attempt to facilitate innovation among Emirati women-owned SMEs through its efforts to discover the determinants of innovation efforts at nascent, start-up and established business stages as defined by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (2012). The study can help Emirati women-owned SMEs understand the critical factors influencing innovation and can encourage them to incorporate innovative characteristics for business growth and resilience. Furthermore, the study can provide insights for policymakers, financial institutions and non-governmental organizations on factors hindering innovation among Emirati women-owned SMEs, which may serve as a tool for creating resilience among female entrepreneurs.

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