scholarly journals Development of a fish-based index combining data from different types of fishing gear. A case study of reservoirs in Flanders (Belgium)

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Breine ◽  
Gerlinde Van Thuyne ◽  
Luc De Bruyn
Keyword(s):  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Independent Set ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Natural Lakes ◽  
Multiple Sampling ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Different Types

Fish assemblages in reservoirs and lakes are mainly assessed by multiple sampling gear. The challenge exists in how to combine all the data from the different types of gear to develop a fish-based index. In this paper, we describe a novel approach to this challenge in reservoirs in Flanders. The developed approach can also be used for natural lakes in the same eco-region and for any combination of fishing methods. In a first step, we defined a reference list of fish species occurring in man-made Flemish reservoirs. To compile this reference list, we adapted the reference for Dutch lakes with recent data from freshwater reservoirs in Flanders. This reference list contains guild-specific information needed to define metrics. To pre-classify the reservoirs, a habitat status for each reservoir was set using abiotic parameters (pressures). Fish gear-dependent metrics were selected according to their response to these pressures. Threshold values for metrics were determined based on the species reference list and occasionally on the calculated metric values. The ecological quality ratios derived from the index calculation were validated with an independent set of data. The developed index proved to successfully assess the ecological status of the reservoirs in Flanders.

scholarly journals A new fish-based index of biotic integrity for lowland rivers in Flanders (Belgium)

2021 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Breine ◽  
Ericia Van den Bergh ◽  
Gerlinde Van Thyune ◽  
Claude Belpaire
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Status ◽  
Independent Set ◽  
Index Of Biotic Integrity ◽  
Biotic Integrity ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Ecological Quality ◽  
Lowland Rivers ◽  
Pressure Indicators ◽  
Using Data

The first fish-based index to assess the ecological quality of lowland rivers in Flanders (Belgium) is based on data obtained from different fishing techniques without considering the gear specificity. As a consequence, this index could not be intercalibrated with other European indices which concentrate on one gear type only. In order to comply with the European Water Framework Directive, we developed a new fish-based index using data obtained from surveys in rivers with electric gear only. All 293 selected rivers belonged to the bream or barbel zone. An updated reference list of fish species was compiled based on previous work and recent data. Abiotic data were collected according to standard methods and habitat quality of all surveyed sites was pre-classified using pressure indicators. To develop the new index candidate metrics were selected from the literature and metric values were calculated. Linear mixed regression models selected metrics based on their response to the pre-classified habitat status. Correlation tests were performed to avoid redundancy among responsive metrics. Boundaries for metric scores were defined based on the calculated metric values. The new index of biotic integrity (IBI) was calculated by summation of the metric scores, and transformed to an ecological quality ratio (EQR), ranging between 0 and 1. Five integrity classes, ranging from bad to maximal ecological potential, were attributed and compared to the pre-classified habitat status of the site. In addition, the new index was also validated with an independent set of data. The new IBI proved to successfully assess the ecological status of the rivers.

scholarly journals Elastic transformation of histological slices allows precise co-registration with microCT data sets for a refined virtual histology approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Albers ◽  
Angelika Svetlove ◽  
Justus Alves ◽  
Alexander Kraupner ◽  
Francesca di Lillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Virtual Histology ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Cell Tissue ◽  
Immuno Histochemistry ◽  
3D Information

AbstractAlthough X-ray based 3D virtual histology is an emerging tool for the analysis of biological tissue, it falls short in terms of specificity when compared to conventional histology. Thus, the aim was to establish a novel approach that combines 3D information provided by microCT with high specificity that only (immuno-)histochemistry can offer. For this purpose, we developed a software frontend, which utilises an elastic transformation technique to accurately co-register various histological and immunohistochemical stainings with free propagation phase contrast synchrotron radiation microCT. We demonstrate that the precision of the overlay of both imaging modalities is significantly improved by performing our elastic registration workflow, as evidenced by calculation of the displacement index. To illustrate the need for an elastic co-registration approach we examined specimens from a mouse model of breast cancer with injected metal-based nanoparticles. Using the elastic transformation pipeline, we were able to co-localise the nanoparticles to specifically stained cells or tissue structures into their three-dimensional anatomical context. Additionally, we performed a semi-automated tissue structure and cell classification. This workflow provides new insights on histopathological analysis by combining CT specific three-dimensional information with cell/tissue specific information provided by classical histology.

Fuzzified time-frequency method for identification and localization of power system faults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Pullabhatla Srikanth ◽  
Chiranjib Koley
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Fuzzy Decision ◽  
Frequency Method ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
S Transform ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Power System Faults ◽  
Frequency Magnitude

In this work, different types of power system faults at various distances have been identified using a novel approach based on Discrete S-Transform clubbed with a Fuzzy decision box. The area under the maximum values of the dilated Gaussian windows in the time-frequency domain has been used as the critical input values to the fuzzy machine. In this work, IEEE-9 and IEEE-14 bus systems have been considered as the test systems for validating the proposed methodology for identification and localization of Power System Faults. The proposed algorithm can identify different power system faults like Asymmetrical Phase Faults, Asymmetrical Ground Faults, and Symmetrical Phase faults, occurring at 20% to 80% of the transmission line. The study reveals that the variation in distance and type of fault creates a change in time-frequency magnitude in a unique pattern. The method can identify and locate the faulted bus with high accuracy in comparison to SVM.

scholarly journals DISSECT: DISentangle SharablE ConTent for Multimodal Integration and Crosswise-mapping

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Schau ◽  
Erik Burlingame ◽  
Young Hwan Chang
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Multimodal Integration ◽  
Specific Data ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Cross Domain ◽  
Input Feature ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Latent Representations

AbstractDeep learning systems have emerged as powerful mechanisms for learning domain translation models. However, in many cases, complete information in one domain is assumed to be necessary for sufficient cross-domain prediction. In this work, we motivate a formal justification for domain-specific information separation in a simple linear case and illustrate that a self-supervised approach enables domain translation between data domains while filtering out domain-specific data features. We introduce a novel approach to identify domainspecific information from sets of unpaired measurements in complementary data domains by considering a deep learning cross-domain autoencoder architecture designed to learn shared latent representations of data while enabling domain translation. We introduce an orthogonal gate block designed to enforce orthogonality of input feature sets by explicitly removing non-sharable information specific to each domain and illustrate separability of domain-specific information on a toy dataset.

scholarly journals Random Telegraph Noises from the Source Follower, the Photodiode Dark Current, and the Gate-Induced Sense Node Leakage in CMOS Image Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (24) ◽  
pp. 5447
Author(s):  
Calvin Yi-Ping Chao ◽  
Shang-Fu Yeh ◽  
Meng-Hsu Wu ◽  
Kuo-Yu Chou ◽  
Honyih Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Current ◽  
Image Sensors ◽  
Integration Time ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Multiple Sampling ◽  
Cmos Image Sensors ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Source Follower ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Dark Signal

In this paper we present a systematic approach to sort out different types of random telegraph noises (RTN) in CMOS image sensors (CIS) by examining their dependencies on the transfer gate off-voltage, the reset gate off-voltage, the photodiode integration time, and the sense node charge retention time. Besides the well-known source follower RTN, we have identified the RTN caused by varying photodiode dark current, transfer-gate and reset-gate induced sense node leakage. These four types of RTN and the dark signal shot noises dominate the noise distribution tails of CIS and non-CIS chips under test, either with or without X-ray irradiation. The effect of correlated multiple sampling (CMS) on noise reduction is studied and a theoretical model is developed to account for the measurement results.

Identification and Risk Profiling of Major Stressors in the Indian IT Sector

2020 ◽  
pp. 097215091988645
Author(s):  
Saikat Chatterjee ◽  
Amit Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Work Stress ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Workplace Stress ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Job Dissatisfaction ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Risk Profiling ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Given

Workplace stress has always been considered as a potential source of job dissatisfaction and many psychosomatic disorders in employees the world over. The IT sector has emerged as a major contributor to work stress in India over the last 2 decades. Still there is lack of sector-specific studies, and most of the existing studies treat work stress as an umbrella term. Against this background, the objective of this article is twofold: one, to identify different types of stressors, and the other, to rate them according to their severity. The outcome should be helpful in devising proper mitigation strategies. On the basis of findings from the two field studies, the article identifies major stressors among junior level Indian IT professionals ( n1 = 38), and then furnishes a risk profile of these stressors on the basis of their frequency and impact ( n2 = 234). At the end, 21 stressors are identified in the given context, and their ‘riskiness’ is presented in a descending order in terms of risk scores. Implications of findings are discussed at the end. All the stressors were assigned a score in terms of their frequency, impact and risk. At the end, techno-stress emerged as the most serious stressor in both in terms of its frequency of occurrence and impact. The results serve as a guide to the management in the IT firms in addressing the prevalent high levels of stress at workplace. The risk scores will help them in allocating resources and, setting and prioritizing their HR strategies to this end. Amid few studies conducted in the context of stress in the Indian IT sector, this article offers useful and practical insights while deploying a novel approach of risk profiling.

Spatially based methods to assess the ecological status of riverine fish assemblages in European ecoregions

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 441-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. SCHMUTZ ◽  
A. MELCHER ◽  
C. FRANGEZ ◽  
G. HAIDVOGL ◽  
U. BEIER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Riverine Fish

Development and optimization of coffee gelato: a sensory perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 1116-1124
Author(s):  
Maísa Mancini Matioli de Sousa ◽  
Fabio Antonialli ◽  
Rafaela Corrêa Pereira ◽  
Michele Nayara Ribeiro ◽  
Fabiana de Carvalho Pires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Sensory Attributes ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Optimal Concentration ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Soluble Coffee

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to optimise and characterise the sensory aspects of gelatos flavoured with different types of coffee preparations (brewed, espresso and soluble), to select the most acceptable formulation and investigate the influence of hedonic claims on the consumer acceptance of this product.Design/methodology/approachFirst, the optimal concentration of each coffee type (brewed, soluble and espresso) to be added to the gelato was determined using the just-about-right scale. Second, the acceptance and purchase intentions towards gelatos flavoured with different concentrations of each type of coffee were determined. Finally, the most acceptable concentration for each flavour was selected based on purchase intentions and three other hedonic claims (i.e. texture, flavour and overall impression).FindingsThe estimated optimal concentrations of coffee (in relation to syrup) were found to be 111.09, 135.31 and 59.38 per cent for brewed, espresso and soluble coffee, respectively. Gelatos flavoured with soluble coffee were accepted more readily and associated with higher purchase intentions based on the evaluated sensory attributes (i.e. colour, taste, texture, softness and overall impression). The sensory perceptions towards these gelatos did not change significantly based on the evaluated hedonic claims (“coffee”, “soluble coffee” and “gourmet coffee”). This reveals that consumers may not be influenced by specific information and/or hedonic claims in the case of coffee gelatos.Originality/valueBesides encouraging the availability of a variety of coffee products on the market, this work also supports future studies aimed at the optimization of coffee products from a sensory perspective.

scholarly journals A Novel Approach for Efficient Forgery Image Detection Using Hybrid Feature Extraction and Classification

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.27) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
G Clara Shanthi ◽  
V Cyril Raj
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Forgery Detection ◽  
Image Splicing ◽  
Image Forgery ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Image Forgery Detection ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Hybrid Feature Extraction

Image forgery detection is developing as one of the major research topic among researchers in the area of image forensics. These image forgery detection is addressed by two different types: (i) Active, (ii) Passive. Further consist of some different methods, such as Copy-Move, Image Splicing, and Retouching. Development of the image forgery is very necessary to detect as the image is true or it is forgery. In this paper, an efficient forgery detection and classification technique is proposed by three different stages. At first stage, preprocessing is carried out using bilateral filtering to remove noise. At second stage, extract unique features from forged image by using efficient feature extraction technique namely Gray Level Co-occurance Matrices (GLCM). Here, the GLCM improves the feature extraction accuracy. Finally, forged image is detected by classifying the type of image forgery using Multi Class- Support Vector Machine (SVM). Also, the performance of the proposed method is analyzed using the following metrics: accuracy, sensitivity and specificity.  

Elaborating Analogies of Time Perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-268
Author(s):  
Rosemary Mountain
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Electroacoustic Music ◽  
Musical Work ◽  
Current Version ◽  
Multiple Sampling ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Auditory Systems ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Sensory Overload

Using a mixture of physiological evidence and analogies of time, the author describes the current version of a model of how we might view our interactions with time in music and beyond. An older model designed for analysis of complex twentieth-century acoustic works is updated to incorporate varied profiles of electroacoustic music. Recent research in auditory systems corroborates that we receive different types of information simultaneously through different channels, each taking more or less periodic sampling from different bands of frequencies – from timbre to phrase length and beyond. In order to acknowledge both the primitive structures of our complex hearing mechanisms and the different profiles of listeners, it is suggested that this multiple-sampling strategy may operate in a parallel way at a much larger scale, thereby allowing us to integrate the listener’s preference for pacing, contrast and densities of activity into the sensory processing of a musical work. The article is enriched by insights from soundscape pioneer Hildegard Westerkamp relating to various aspects of the discussion, from sensory overload to ecological concerns to the natural rallentando of a soundwalk. Finally, a whimsical elaboration based on the analogy of time as a river is presented in order to incorporate a more organic set of characteristics into our appreciation of music and time.

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