scholarly journals Osteometric Characteristics of the Russian Population of Tara Cis-Irtysh in 17th–18th centuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 98-109
Author(s):  
A. V. Dedik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
The Body ◽  
Russian Population ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Upper And Lower Extremities ◽  
Bone Remains

The article presents the osteometric characteristics of the Russian population of Tara Cis-Irtysh region in the 17th–18th centuries. The research based on the analysis of anthropological bone remains from the territory of Ananyino 1 burial ground. This site located in the Tara district of the Omsk region was discovered and studied since 2005 by Larisa Tataurova. The Ananyino village founded at the beginning of the 17th century is one of the first Russian settlements near the Tara city. The osteological collection includes the remains of 19 individuals, of which 12 belong to men, 7 to women. The research was carried out according to the standard osteological technique (the measuring program included 51 signs and 25 pointers). According to the results of analysis, it was found that the absolute values of the longitudinal dimensions of the long bones of the male Russian population fall mainly in the category of medium (shoulder, forearm, lower leg) and large (thigh) sizes. Women are generally characterized by large sizes of long bones, except for the length of the lower leg, which shows average values. The male group can be characterized as moderately massive with a tendency to increase the massiveness of the lower extremities, while the female group is moderately massive. The body length of men varies from 166 to 168,1 cm, of women from 159,2 to 161,4 cm. According to Rudolf Martin's conditional rubrication, the obtained values fall into the category of large values. The values of the intersegmental proportions (humeral-femoral and radial-tibial markers), as well as the values of the intermembral index, demonstrate a harmonious ratio of arms and legs, which corresponds to the mesomorphic body type. We used data on four groups of the male population from Siberia (Krasnoyarsk, Yeniseisk, and Irkutsk) for comparative analysis. Intergroup analysis showed that all samples are characterized by average skeletal dimensions. The data also show that the male population has an average ratio of the lengths of the upper and lower extremities. In general, the male Russian population of Siberia in the 17th–19th centuries can be characterized as a population with a mesomorphic body type.

Osteometric Study of the Batalnoe Necropolis of the Crimean Peninsula

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-242
Author(s):  
Svetlana B. Borutskaya
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
The Body ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Upper And Lower Extremities ◽  
Crimean Tatar ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

Skeletons of 9 women and 13 men were measured and a number of indices were calculated during the study of burials from the Crimean Tatar Batalnoe necropolis. The ratio of the lengths of the upper and lower extremities was found to be average or lower than average, the shoulder is relatively long. In men, the forearm was often long relative to the shoulder; in women, on the contrary, it was often shorter. Both men and women had short tibia according to the crural index. Women are characterized by very narrow shoulders. The degree of massiveness of long bones in men varies, with the exception of usually massive radius and tibia. Women are characterized by medium-massive and gracile long bones, with the exception of the bones of the forearm. The body length in men was estimated as 162.1–175.1 cm. The reconstructed body length of women is 146.4 –160.0 cm.

IMMEDIATE INTERNAL FIXATION FOR OPEN FRACTURES OF THE LONG BONES OF THE UPPER AND LOWER EXTREMITIES

1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Yokoyama ◽  
Masateru Shindo ◽  
Moritoshi Itoman ◽  
Makoto Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Internal Fixation ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Open Fractures ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Upper And Lower Extremities

Raynaud's disease treatment with novocaine block

1935 ◽  
Vol 31 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 1012-1017
Author(s):  
G. M. Novikov
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremities ◽  
The Body ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
Raynaud's Disease ◽  
Upper And Lower Extremities ◽  
Raynaud’S Disease

In 1862, Raynaud first described, as a completely independent nosological unit, a kind of disease of the peripheral and most protruding parts of the body (fingers of the upper and lower extremities, auricles, the tip of the nose, cheeks), now known under the name of Raynaud's symmetric gangrene ... Since that time, little new has been introduced into the etiology and pathogenesis of this disease.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN PATIENTS WITH VIBRATION DISEASE BY ELECTRONEUROMIOGRAPHY INDICES

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (10) ◽  
pp. 1119-1123
Author(s):  
D. V. Rusanova ◽  
Larisa S. Vasileva ◽  
N. V. Slivnitsyna ◽  
O. L. Lakhman
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Local Vibration ◽  
Spinal Cord Neurons ◽  
Vibration Disease ◽  
Prolonged Contact ◽  
Upper And Lower Extremities ◽  
F Wave

Introduction. Vibration disease (VD) is a chronic occupational disease caused by the long-term influence of industrial vibration on the body, with prolonged contact with which a polyneuropathic syndrome is formed. Material and methods. 150 males were examined in the clinic. The first group consisted of 50 patients with VD associated with combined exposure to local and General vibration (48.7±3.1 years); the second - 50 patients with VB associated with exposure to local vibration (48.9±2.8 years); the third - 50 relatively healthy individuals without contact with vibration (49.1±2.5 years). Stimulation electroneuromyography (ENMG) was carried out according to the generally accepted method. The results of ENMG show demyelinating lesions of motor and sensory components to be registered in the examined VD patients, changes in the speed indices of axons of nerves of the upper and lower extremities are observed. Analysis of F-wave indices revealed the lesion of both the fastest and the slowest conductive fibers of the tibial and peroneal nerves in patients of both groups. There is an increase in the maximum amplitude of the F-wave and the F/M ratio, more pronounced in patients of the first examined group. In patients of the first and second examined groups, there is an increase in the blocks of the pulse, more pronounced with the combined effect of general and local vibration. Conclusion. Changes in the state of the peripheral nerves of the upper extremities are similar in patients of the first and second groups and consist in the presence of processes of demyelination of motor and sensory axons. In patients of the first group, there are more pronounced disorders in the state of the motor component of the nerves of the upper and lower extremities, while in persons of the second group there are sub-threshold changes in the lower extremities. Changes at the level of roots and in the functional state of the spinal cord neurons are more pronounced in patients of the second group.

scholarly journals Quantitative and Morphometric Evaluation of the Foramina Nutricia in the Long Bones of the Upper and Lower Extremities in Anatolian Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Muhammet Bora Uzuner ◽  
Mert Ocak ◽  
Ferhat Geneci ◽  
Necdet Kocabıyık ◽  
Mustafa F. Sargon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Upper And Lower Extremities ◽  
Morphometric Evaluation

scholarly journals Sex and limb-specific ischemic reperfusion and vascular reactivity

2008 ◽  
Vol 295 (3) ◽  
pp. H1100-H1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven K. Nishiyama ◽  
D. Walter Wray ◽  
Russell S. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Shear Rate ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Ischemic Reperfusion ◽  
Healthy Young People ◽  
Upper And Lower Extremities

With little known regarding sex and limb heterogeneity, we investigated vascular reactivity and ischemic reperfusion (IR) in the upper and lower extremities of 15 healthy men (26 ± 2 yr) and women (23 ± 1 yr). Doppler ultrasound was used to evaluate IR and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) after suprasystolic cuff occlusion in both the arm [brachial artery (BA)] and the leg [popliteal artery (PA)]. Cumulative IR [area under the curve (AUC)], normalized for muscle mass, revealed no sex-related differences in either limb (forearm: men 38 ± 3 and women 44 ± 4 ml/100 g; lower leg: men 12 ± 2 and women 14 ± 2 ml/100 g), while both groups revealed a greater IR per unit of arm muscle mass (AUC) compared with the lower leg ( P < 0.05). The BA and PA were smaller in women (BA 0.31 ± 0.1, PA 0.47 ± 0.1 cm) than in men (BA 0.41 ± 0.1, PA 0.6 ± 0.2 cm). Absolute FMD/shear rate revealed attenuated vascular function in the PA of the women [women 3.3 ± 0.6, men 5.0 ± 0.8 (all ×10−6) cm/s−1·s] and no sex difference in the BA [women 1.2 ± 0.2, men 1.6 ± 0.1 (all ×10−6) cm/s−1·s]. In both sexes the PA demonstrated greater vascular reactivity than the BA. Thus vascular reactivity in healthy young people is greater in the legs, regardless of sex, and women have vascular function similar to men in the upper extremities but appear to have poorer vascular function normalized for shear rate in the lower extremities.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Akupresur Stroke 14 Titik Terhadap Rentang Gerak Ekstermitas Atas dan Bawah pada Pasien Stroke Non Hemoragik

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-63
Author(s):  
Reza Indra Wiguna Reza ◽  
Lalu Hersika Asmawariza
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Upper And Lower Extremities ◽  
Stroke Center

Decreased limb function is one of the complications that often occurs in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients who experience hemiparesis as a result of limited joint motion in the upper and lower extremities. Acupressure is useful in improving extremity function by increasing the movement of qi (vital energy) flow in the body, but acupressure has never been done by nurses in hospital care rooms as a therapy to prevent and overcome motor function complications in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients. This study aims to identify the effect of acupressure at 14 points on the range of motion of the upper and lower extremities in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients. This study used an experimental design with a pre-post test approach design with a control group of 38 respondents (n control and n intervention = 19). The intervention group was given 14-point stroke acupressure for 15 minutes once a day for 7 days. The results showed that there were differences between the control and control ranges between the intervention group and the control group (p = 0.000). Acupressure at 14 points is an effective intervention to increase the range of motion of the upper and lower extremities in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients who have hemiparesis. The recommendation in this study is that nurses in the stroke center can apply 14-point acupressure as one of the SOPs in the treatment of non-hemorrhagic stroke patients to improve the range of motion in the extremities.

scholarly journals STRUCTURE AND MECHANOGENESIS OF LONG BONE FRACTURES IN LOWER EXTREMITIES DUE TO FALL

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
V.K. Sokol
Keyword(s):  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Mechanical Injury ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Pelvic Bones

Background. The study of the structure and mechanogenesis of falls is necessary to elucidate causal relationships in criminal catatrauma. Purpose of the study was to analyze the structure of mechanical injury resulting in fractures of the long bones of the lower extremities, and the mechanisms of their formation in victims as a result of a fall, according to the primary forensic examination. Material and methods. The study was carried out based on 130 reports of primary forensic examinations of victims with fractures of the femur and / or shin bones due to mechanical injury for the period February – June 2018. All victims were divided into 4 groups: group 1 included individuals sustaining mechanical injury; group 2 involved individuals sustaining injuries in car accidents; group 3 included patients with traumas from the fall, and group 4 included individuals with gunshot fractures. The methodology of the study was based on applying retrospective analysis, descriptive statistics. Results. In cases of catatrauma, the proportion of fractures of the lower extremities makes up 52%, while the proportions of fractures of the upper limbs, ribs and pelvic bones constitute 16% each; in case of car accident the fractures of low legs make up 82.1%, while the fractures of the upper limbs, ribs and pelvic bones constitute 7.8%; 2.4% and 7.7% each, respectively. There are two types of catatrauma included found out in this study: 1) household falls from the own body height (n = 4), and 2) falls from the height not exceeding 3 m (n = 9). The catatrauma mechanisms included the following: 1) active free uncoordinated fall from the own body height with the phase of primary collision with some isolated primary direct injuries; 2) passive free direct predominantly uncoordinated fall from a height of up to 3 m resulting in multiple combined injuries in the phase of primary collision (n = 4), and in the phases of primary and secondary collision of the body (n = 3). Conclusions. In the structure of mechanical injuries of the long bones in the lower extremities according to the initial forensic medical examination, falls from various heights rank the second position among the most frequent criminal injury (10%) after road traffic injuries (89,2%). Falls from own body height and from the height of up to 3 m were free, straight, and mostly uncoordinated, resulted in mainly primary direct injuries as the fractures of the long bones of the upper and lower limbs, ribs, pelvis, brain concussion, chest bruises and abdominal traumas.

scholarly journals Diverse Stature Estimation Formulae Applied to a Bosnian Population

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nermin Sarajlić ◽  
Zdenko Cihlarž
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Family Members ◽  
The Body ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Stature Estimation ◽  
Master Thesis

Since 1996, the Trotter formulae, developed on American Whites, have been used almost without exception to determine the stature of the population in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In 2002, Ross and Konigsberg presented new formulae for stature estimation for Balkans, using bones from unidentified Bosnian and Croatian males, victims of the recent war. The same year, 2002, in his master thesis, Sarajlić also presented formulae for stature estimation of Bosnian population. The research was undertaken on male cadavers. The cadaver length was measured directly and the length of the long bones was obtained from radiographs. However, none of these formulae were tested on the bones from exhumed persons. This study compares all three methods on a large independent sample in order to determine which formulae provide the most accurate stature estimation for the male population in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The sample for this research consists of long bones (humerus, femur, tibia and fibula) and was obtained from 369 exhumed and identified Bosnian males. Bones from the left side of the body were tested. Not all of them were present in each case: 211 left humeri, 270 left femura, 273 left tibiae and 175 left fibulae. Data about height was recollected by family members. Apart of whole sample, all three methods were applied separately on individuals taller then 180 cm. Of all three tested methods formulae proposed by Sarajlić et al. folowed by Ross and Konigsberg formulae, produced significantly better results in stature estimation of tall persons.

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