Biohydrogen Production Function of Operating pH and Seed Pre-Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (004) ◽  
pp. 699--704
Author(s):  
Z. SIDDIQUI ◽  
S. A. MEMON ◽  
K. M. BROH
Keyword(s):  
Production Function ◽  
Biohydrogen Production ◽  
Pre Treatment

Effect of pre-treatment and hydraulic retention time on biohydrogen production from organic wastes

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 4856-4865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed H. Salem ◽  
Ruth Brunstermann ◽  
Thorsten Mietzel ◽  
Renatus Widmann
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Biohydrogen Production ◽  
Pre Treatment

Biohydrogen production evaluation from rice straw hydrolysate by concentrated acid pre-treatment in both batch and continuous systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (35) ◽  
pp. 15823-15829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Min Liu ◽  
Chen-Yeon Chu ◽  
Wan-Yu Lee ◽  
Ya-Chieh Li ◽  
Shu-Yii Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Biohydrogen Production ◽  
Continuous Systems ◽  
Rice Straw Hydrolysate ◽  
Pre Treatment

Exploring optimal strategies for aquatic macrophyte pre-treatment: Sustainable feedstock for biohydrogen production

2020 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 105678
Author(s):  
K. Karthikeya ◽  
Mrinal Kumar Sarma ◽  
N. Ramkumar ◽  
Sanjukta Subudhi
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Optimal Strategies ◽  
Biohydrogen Production ◽  
Pre Treatment

scholarly journals Enhancement of biohydrogen production from the aquatic weed Pistia stratiotes through a dark fermentation process

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Nonsikelelo Precios Mthethwa
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Dark Fermentation ◽  
Biohydrogen Production ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Aquatic Weed ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Clostridium Spp

Aquatic weeds are well known for their fast growth rate and high carbohydrate content that can be easily hydrolysed into fermentable sugars. This study was aimed at the utilization of an indigenous aquatic weed, Pistia stratiotes for biohydrogen production through the dark fermentation process. Characterization of the biomass, effect of pre–treatment methods on biomass hydrolysis, effect of reactor operational conditions and type of inoculum on enhancing hydrogen production potential of P. stratiotes was assessed. Physical and chemical pre–treatments were employed on P. stratiotes biomass to increase digestibility and to achieve high conversion rates of fermentable sugars. The highest sugar yield of 139± 0.8 mg/g was obtained when the oven dried biomass was subjected to H2SO4 (2.5%) pre– treatment followed by autoclaving at 121°C for 30 min. Biohydrogen production under different operational conditions was thereafter optimized using One–factor–at–a–time (OFAT) batch experiments in 120 mL serum bottles. A maximum hydrogen yield (HY) of 2.46 ± 0.14 mol-H2/mol-glucose (3.51 ± 0.20 mg-H2/g-dry weight) and 2.75 ± 0.07 mL h-1 hydrogen production rate was observed under optimized conditions (pH 5.5, Temp 35°C, S/X: 1.0 g-COD/g-VSS and HRT 8 h). The organic mass balance (92 – 96%) and electron– equivalent balance (92 – 98%) further indicated the reliability of the obtained fermentation data. Assessment of microbial activity was achieved using molecular techniques such as quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) targeting both 16s rRNA (of Clostridium spp., Bacillus spp., and Enterobacter spp.) and the functional hydrogenase gene (hydA). The highest gene activity of hydrogenase was noted at pH of 5.5 with 2.53×104 copies/ng-DNA compared to low pH: 4.5 (6.95 × 103 copies/ng-DNA) and high pH: 8.5 (7.77×103 copies/ng- DNA). A similar trend was also observed for the species containing a highly active hydrogenase (i.e. Clostridium spp., Bacillus spp., and Enterobacter spp.). During the optimum reactor conditions, three hydrogen producing bacterial strains Bacillus cereus and Enterobacter cloacae were successfully isolated. These isolates were used as inoculums for the pure culture studies and achieved HYs of 2.2, 1.10 and 1.97 mol-H2/mol-glucose respectively under optimized fermentation conditions. However, the thermally treated mixed culture displayed a marginally higher HY (2.46 mol-H2/mol-glucose) compared to the pure culture used alone. Furthermore, the cost estimation indicated a potential and economically feasible for biotransformation of P. stratiotes to hydrogen energy. In conclusion, the results from this study has revealed the potential of employing P. stratiotes biomass for biohydrogen production. The results also indicated the importance of employing suitable pre–treatment methods, operating conditions as well as inoculum types for enhanced hydrogen production using P. stratiotes.

Effects of pre-treatment technologies on dark fermentative biohydrogen production: A review

2015 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 20-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Zumar Bundhoo ◽  
Romeela Mohee ◽  
M. Ali Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Biohydrogen Production ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Pre Treatment

EELS characterization of “Smut” layer films on steel surface prepared for chrome plating by anodic etching

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 538-539
Author(s):  
E Y. Wang ◽  
J. T. Cherian ◽  
A. Madsen ◽  
R. M. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Steel Surface ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Chrome Plating ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Hard Chrome ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

Many steel parts are electro-plated with chromium to protect them against corrosion and to improve their wear-resistance. Good adhesion of the chrome plate to the steel surface, which is essential for long term durability of the part, is extremely dependent on surface preparation prior to plating. Recently, McDonnell Douglas developed a new pre-treatment method for chrome plating in which the steel is anodically etched in a sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution. On carbon steel surfaces, this anodic pre-treatment produces a dark, loosely adhering material that is commonly called the “smut” layer. On stainless steels and nickel alloys, the surface is only darkened by the anodic pre-treatment and little residue is produced. Anodic pre-treatment prior to hard chrome plating results in much better adherence to both carbon and alloy steels.We have characterized the anodic pre-treated steel surface and the resulting “smut” layer using various techniques including electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) on bulk samples and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) on stripped films.

Evaluating the effect of a group pre-treatment chemotherapy psycho-education session for chemotherapy-naive gynecologic cancer patients and their caregivers

2021 ◽  
Vol 160 (1) ◽  
pp. 234-243
Author(s):  
Diana Samoil ◽  
Nazek Abdelmutti ◽  
Lisa Ould Gallagher ◽  
Nazlin Jivraj ◽  
Naa Kwarley Quartey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Gynecologic Cancer ◽  
Education Session ◽  
Pre Treatment
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