scholarly journals Apolipoprotein B gene polymorphisms in people in the East Mediterranean area of Turkey

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
L. Tamer ◽  
K. Tanriverdi ◽  
B. Ercan ◽  
A. Unlu ◽  
N. Sucu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
East Mediterranean ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
East Mediterranean Region

Point mutations in the receptor binding domain of low density lipoprotein may increase cholesterol levels in blood. Three mutations of Apo B-100 protein result in defective binding [Arg 3500 —-> [corrected] Gln, Arg 3500 —-> [corrected] Trp and Arg 3531 —-> [corrected] Cys]. We estimated the frequency of Apo B point mutations [codon 3500] C9774T [Arg 3500 —-> [corrected] Trp] and G9775A [Arg 3500 —-> [corrected] Gln] in 179 atherosclerotic, 145 hyperlipidaemic individuals and 272 healthy individuals in the east Mediterranean region of Turkey. Lipid and lipoprotein levels were measured with routine biochemical analyser and Apo B mutation was detected using real-time PCR. Neither mutation was found. In this region, Apo B-100 protein mutations are rare and causes of hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis may therefore be unrelated to them

Monoclonal antibodies can precipitate low-density lipoprotein. I. Characterization and use in determining apolipoprotein B.

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1654-1658 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Marcovina ◽  
D France ◽  
R A Phillips ◽  
S J Mao
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Radial Immunodiffusion ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Blotting Technique

Abstract We produced 20 mouse monoclonal antibodies against human plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Individually they failed to precipitate LDL in agarose gel by the double-immunodiffusion technique; collectively they did, or as few as two combined monoclonal antibodies could do so. To mimic polyclonal antibodies in determination of apolipoprotein B (apo B) by radial immunodiffusion, a combination of four particular monoclonal antibodies (clones A, B, C, and D) was necessary. We characterized these four clones with respect to temperature dependency, affinity, total binding to 125I-labeled LDL, and specificity to the different species of apolipoprotein B. Two monoclonal antibodies (B and C) bound 100% of 125I-labeled LDL; clones A and D bound 80% and 87%, respectively. All four clones bound maximally to LDL at 4 degrees C. The affinity constants for clones A, B, C, and D were 0.6, 2.1, 3.8, and 2.3 X 10(9) L/mol, respectively. By the Western blotting technique, the four monoclonal antibodies all reacted with the species B-100 and B-74 of apolipoprotein B, and to various degrees with B-48 and B-26. Radial immunodiffusion (chi) and direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (y) with a mixture of the four monoclonal antibodies gave almost identical results for 70 patients: y = 0.921 chi-2.58; r = 0.933.

scholarly journals Characterization of apolipoprotein B from human serum low density lipoprotein in n-dodecyl octaethyleneglycol monoether: an electron microscope study.

1980 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Zampighi ◽  
J A Reynolds ◽  
R M Watt
Keyword(s):  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Shaped Particle ◽  
Orderly Fashion ◽  
High Degree

We have studied the structure of the totally delipidated polypeptide (apolipoprotein B [apo B]) present in low-density serum lipoprotein in detergent (n-dodecyl octaethyleneglycol monoether) solution by electron microscopy. The protein-detergent complex appears as a rod-shaped particle, 75-80 nm long and 4.5-5.5 nm wide. The volume of this particle is consistent with the previously published composition reported by Watt and Reynolds (1980, Biochemistry 19:1593-1598) of two copies of apo B and five to six equivalent micelles of detergent. The asymmetric particle possesses a high degree of flexibility and a strong tendency to self-associate in an orderly fashion. The extent of this association is pH dependent.

scholarly journals In vivo adenine base editing of PCSK9 in macaques reduces LDL cholesterol levels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Rothgangl ◽  
Melissa K. Dennis ◽  
Paulo J. C. Lin ◽  
Rurika Oka ◽  
Dominik Witzigmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Base Editing ◽  
Guide Rna ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Adenine Base

AbstractMost known pathogenic point mutations in humans are C•G to T•A substitutions, which can be directly repaired by adenine base editors (ABEs). In this study, we investigated the efficacy and safety of ABEs in the livers of mice and cynomolgus macaques for the reduction of blood low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. Lipid nanoparticle–based delivery of mRNA encoding an ABE and a single-guide RNA targeting PCSK9, a negative regulator of LDL, induced up to 67% editing (on average, 61%) in mice and up to 34% editing (on average, 26%) in macaques. Plasma PCSK9 and LDL levels were stably reduced by 95% and 58% in mice and by 32% and 14% in macaques, respectively. ABE mRNA was cleared rapidly, and no off-target mutations in genomic DNA were found. Re-dosing in macaques did not increase editing, possibly owing to the detected humoral immune response to ABE upon treatment. These findings support further investigation of ABEs to treat patients with monogenic liver diseases.

scholarly journals Gambaran kadar apolipoprotein B (APO-B) serum pada vegetarian lacto-ovo

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hengky G. Setiawan ◽  
Stefana H.M. Kaligis ◽  
Youla A. Assa
Keyword(s):  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Spherical Form ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Apo B

Abstract: Lacto-ovo vegetarian is the most common type of vegetarians in society. This type of vegetarian does not consume fish and meats, except eggs, milk, and its products. Apolipoprotein is a protein component of lipoprotein. Plasma lipoprotein is a complex macromolecule with a spherical form consists of specific lipid and protein. Apolipoprotein B (APO-B) is a main apolipoprotein in low density lipoprotein (LDL). It is also found in very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and chylomicron. This study was aimed to obtain the description of serum apolipoprotein B (APO-B) levels in lacto-ovo vegetarians. This was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. There were 15 respondents from Vihara Mandalatama Matreiya Manado obtained by using total sampling method. The results showed that 8 respondents (53.3%) had normal serum APO-B levels, 4 respondents (26.6%) had low serum APO-B levels, and 3 respondents (20%) had high serum APO-B levels. Conclusion: The majority of lacto-ovo vegetarians had normal levels of serum apolipoprotein B.Keywords: apolipoprotein B (APO-B), lacto-ovo vegetarian Abstrak: Vegetarian lacto-ovo merupakan jenis vegetarian yang paling umum di masyarakat. Vegetarian ini tidak mengonsumsi daging hewan tapi masih mengonsumsi telur, susu, serta produk olahan susu dan telur. Apolipoprotein adalah komponen protein dari lipoprotein. Lipoprotein plasma adalah kompleks makromolekul berbentuk sferis yang terdiri dari lipid dan protein spesifik. Apolipoprotein B (APO-B) merupakan apolipoprotein utama dalam low density lipoprotein (LDL). Apolipoprotein B (APO-B) juga terdapat dalam very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) dan kilomikron. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kadar apolipoprotein B (APO-B) serum pada vegetarian lacto-ovo. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Terdapat 15 responden dari Vihara Mandalatama Matreya Manado yang diperoleh dengan metode total sampling. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 8 responden (60%) dengan kadar APO-B serum normal, 4 responden (26,6%) dengan dengan kadar APO-B serum rendah, dan 3 responden (20%) dengan kadar APO-B serum tinggi. Simpulan: Sebagian besar vegetarian lacto-ovo mempunyai kadar apolipoprotein B serum yang normal. Kata kunci: apolipoprotein B (APO-B), vegetarian lacto-ovo

scholarly journals Correlation of Small Dense LDL Cholesterol and Apolipoprotein B with LDL Cholesterol and its Clinical Significance in Overweight, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Coronary Artery Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arabinda Mohan Bhattarai ◽  
HS Batra ◽  
Suchit Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Pratibha Misra ◽  
Manushri Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Artery Disease

Introduction: Atherosclerotic Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is fundamentally related to disorders of lipid metabolism. Health problems like obesity, glucose intolerance and metabolic syndrome increase atherosclerotic CAD risk.  A fraction of Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) is called small dense low density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL). These particles are more atherogenic because they are taken up more easily by arterial wall, readily oxidized and not easily cleared from plasma. Every LDL particle contain an Apo B molecule.Methods: In this cross sectional study we recruited 100 known cases each of CAD, type 2 diabetes, overweight and 100 age and sex matched healthy controls. We took a detailed case summary along with anthropometric measurements. We measured sdLDL by heparin magnesium precipitation method followed by direct estimation of the LDL in the supernatant.Result: Linear regressive analysis showed positive correlation between sdLDL and Apolipoprotein B (Apo B) with LDL cholesterol (r=0.61, p=0.004), (r=0.754, p=0.0034) respectively. Multiple Comparisons after Kruskalwallis test of sdLDL and Apo B levels of  type 2 diabetes, CAD and overweight with controls were significant (p<0.001).Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the estimation of sdLDL and Apo B provide a complimentary benefit in assessment of cases with CAD, type 2 diabetes and overweight.

Monoclonal antibodies can precipitate low-density lipoprotein. II. Radioimmunoassays with single and combined monoclonal antibodies for determining apolipoprotein B in serum of patients with coronary artery disease.

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1659-1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Marcovina ◽  
B A Kottke ◽  
S J Mao
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract We have established four lines of monoclonal antibodies against human low-density lipoproteins (LDL) that, mixed in equal proportions, can precipitate LDL in gel and so can be used for apolipoprotein (apo) B determination in plasma. One monoclonal antibody (clone A), with a relatively low binding affinity to LDL (ka = 0.6 X 10(9) L/mol) and recognizing only two species of apo B, significantly underestimated the concentration of apo B in 74 patients with and 27 without coronary artery disease (CAD). High-affinity monoclonal antibody C (Ka = 3.8 X 10(9) L/mol), which recognized all four apo B species, gave the same value for apo B as determined with the mixture of monoclonal antibodies. The latter results (by radioimmunoassay, y) correlated well with those by radial immunodiffusion (chi): y = 0.994 chi + 0.003 (r = 0.987). The CAD patients showed an increased concentration of apo B as compared to the angiographically documented CAD-negative patients. Except for the values determined by clone B (p = 0.07), the increase was statistically significant (p = 0.002-0.018) for values determined by use of the other clones or their mixture.

scholarly journals DISCORDANCE IN LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN PARTICLE NUMBER (LDL-P) AND APOLIPOPROTEIN B (APO B) LEVEL

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. E1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Morris ◽  
Narinder Bhalla ◽  
Kellie Mclain ◽  
Hector Malave ◽  
James Underberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Lipoprotein Particle ◽  
Lipoprotein Particle Number
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