Design of Assistance to Reduce WorkRisk in the Packing Process of Liquid Detergent

Sultones are cyclic esters of hydroxysulfonic acids, which are formed in the process of sulfonation of α-olefins with sulfur trioxide gas. More stable sultones may be present in the final product — an anionic surfactant — sodium α-olefin sulfonate (AOC-Na). AOC-Na is widely used in the production of household chemicals and cosmetic products, including liquid dishwashing detergents. Sultones are strong skin sensitizers, their level in AOC-Na should be strictly controlled and not exceed 5 ppm. Operational and strict control of the sultone content upon AOC-Na production allows timely adjustment at the stage of hydrolysis, which leads to a more complete disclosure of the sultone cycle with the formation of the corresponding olefin sulfonates and hydroxyalkanesulfonates. We propose a method for determining δ-hexadecansultone in liquid dishwashing detergents and sodium α-olefinsulfonates obtained on the basis of α-olefins of C14 – C16 fractions using GC/MS, which provides shortening of sample preparation and keeps the sensitivity with a detection limit of 0.02 mg/kg. The effect of various weakly polar and non-polar organic solvents used for Sultone extraction from AOC-Na and liquid detergent on liquid extraction based on the dispersion of the extractant in an alcohol/water phase is studied. When selecting the solvent we have shown that the use of diethyl ether provided the best extraction of the analyte. Determination of the analyte extraction recovery was performed using the reaction of hydrolysis of the extracted mixture. We specified the operating mode of the device which provided complete separation of the components of the analyzed compounds including the samples of liquid detergent for dishes being a multicomponent mixture of complex composition.

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THE EFFECT OF LIQUID DETERGENT AND PROPOLIS ON DNA DAMAGE, GROWTH TRAITS AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS PIGMENTS OF MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)

10.21506/j.ponte.2020.4.3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 76 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Meltem Maras ◽

H. Sacilik

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

Zea Mays ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Damage Growth ◽

Liquid Detergent

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Malodor Reduction from Cloth via Fragranced Microcapsules in Liquid Detergent

10.21748/am20.110 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tamara Hopkins ◽

Jeffrey McElwee

Keyword(s):

Liquid Detergent

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An Octree Method for Interference Detection in Computer Aided 3-D Packing

20th Design Automation Conference: Volume 1 — Dynamic Mechanical Systems; Geometric Modeling and Features; Concurrent Engineering ◽

10.1115/detc1994-0044 ◽

1994 ◽

Author(s):

Zuo Dai ◽

Jianzhong Cha

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Detection Algorithm ◽

Time Response ◽

Interference Detection ◽

Computer Memory ◽

Computational Accuracy ◽

Data Space ◽

Computer Aided ◽

Packing Process

Abstract In simulating the three dimensional packing process with arbitrary shaped objects, the task of detecting interference between objects is important and very difficult. This paper, representing the three dimensional packing space and objects with an octree, presents an effective interference detection algorithm, which can overcome the performance shortcomings that the conventional methods have in terms of real-time response, computer memory and computational accuracy. By recording the distribution status of packing space in the “bits” of short integers, the data space can be compressed to 1/16 of that used by conventional algorithms.

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An Efficient Parallel Algorithm for Rectangular Packing Based on Bintree Expression

Volume 3: 22nd Design Automation Conference ◽

10.1115/96-detc/dac-1043 ◽

1996 ◽

Author(s):

Aihu Wang ◽

Jianzhong Cha ◽

Jinmin Wang

Keyword(s):

Computational Complexity ◽

Problem Solving ◽

Parallel Algorithm ◽

Shared Memory ◽

Optimal Packing ◽

Packing Process ◽

Left Corner ◽

Rectangular Packing ◽

Packing Scheme ◽

Sequential Decomposition

Abstract In this paper, a method using bintree structure to express the states of the packing space of rectangular packing is proposed. Through the sequential decomposition of the packing space, the optimal packing scheme of various sized rectangular packing can be obtained by every time putting the optimal piece that satisfies specular conditions toward the current packing space and by locating it at the up-left corner of the current packing space. Different optimal packing schemes that satisfy different demands can be obtained by adjusting the values of the ordering factors KA and KB. A parallel algorithm based on SIMD-CREW shared-memory computer is designed through the analysis of the parallelism of the bintree expression. The whole packing process is clearly expressed by the bintree. The computational complexity of the algorithm is shown to be O(n2logn). Both the experimental results and the comparison with other sequential packing algorithms have proved that the parallel packing algorithm is efficient. What is more, it nearly doubles the problem solving speed.

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Control of Silverleaf Whitefly on Commercial Eggplant, 1997

Arthropod Management Tests ◽

10.1093/amt/23.1.105 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 105-106

Author(s):

Philip A. Stansly ◽

C. Mayra ◽

G Avilez

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Vegetable Oil ◽

Silverleaf Whitefly ◽

Immature Stages ◽

Hollow Cone ◽

Successive Treatment ◽

Liquid Detergent ◽

Three Samples ◽

North And South ◽

Commercial Field

Abstract A commercial field of staked eggplant was used ap-proximately 45 days after transplanting for this trial in the Culican Valley of Sinaloa, Mexico. The field was 100 m wide and approximately 2 km in length, located between 2 fields of corn. The crop had recently been sprayed with endosulfan (Thiodan®). Consequently, relatively few adult whiteflies could be observed although the presence of eggs and young nymphs indicated the likelihood of increasing infestation, and no further applications were made by the grower for the duration of the trial. Experimental design was completely randomized block with 5 treatments and 4 replicates. Beds were 100 m in length running north and south with 1.5 m between centers and 2 rows per bed. Plots were 4 beds wide and 15 m long with 1.5 m between plots (90m2). Three weekly applications were made beginning on 12 Feb with 2 Maruyama™ motorized backpack sprayers equipped with a hand-held boom carrying 2 bronze T-Jet™ D2 hollow cone nozzles containing #45 spinner plates. Each bed was sprayed from both sides with 5 liters per replicate of each treatment, delivering a volume of 60.5 gpa. Each plot was sampled for whitefly adults and immature stages prior to application. A beat pan made of an aluminum cake pan 22.5cm X 32.5 cm painted black and covered with a film of vegetable oil and liquid detergent (9:1) was used to sample adults. Three samples were taken in each plot by beating the pan 10 times against the foliage in the middle 2 rows and counting the whiteflies trapped in the oil mixture. Immatures were sampled by counting all whitefly eggs, small nymphs, large nymphs, and pupae in 4 lensfields of 1.77 cm2 per leaf (3 leaves per plot). Additional samples were taken 3 days after each successive treatment. Small nymphs, large nymphs, and pupae were combined as “immatures” for analysis.

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Analysis The Level Of PM2,5 And Lung Function Of Organic Fertilizer Industry Workers In Nganjuk

JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN ◽

10.20473/jkl.v11i2.2019.141-149 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 141

Author(s):

Imfatul Tria Nur Azizah

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Threshold Limit Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Fertilizer Industry ◽

Limit Value ◽

Function Impairment ◽

Packing Process ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Lung Function Impairment

Organic fertilizer industry in Nganjuk uses manure as basic materials of production. Its process produced particulate matter 2,5 (PM2,5) in the form of dust and smoke. PM2,5 can be inhaled and be retained until alveoli, so it is potentially caused lung function impairment to the workers. The objective of this research was to analyzed the level of PM2,5 and lung function of organic fertilizer industry workers in Nganjuk. The type of this research was observasional descriptive quantitative with cross sectional design. The research sample was using total population of 10 production workers. The result of this research showed that the level of PM2,5 inhaled which exceeded Threshold Limit Value (TLV) or > 3 mg/m3 were on 2 workers who worked on drying and packing process. The average of PM2,5 environment level which exceeded TLV were on manufacturing of granuls, heating and packing process area. Workers who had lung function impairment were 4 workers (40%). Lung function impairment more likely found in workers with exposure of PM2,5 inhaled≤ 3 mg/m3, has age 41 – 60 years, worked period < 5 years, always using cloth as respiratory protective equipment, and had worked in the other places either direct or indirect exposure of dust. The conclusion of this research is production workers of organic fertilizer industry in Nganjuk has risk of lung function impairment. Suggestions for the owner of organic fertilizer industry in Nganjuk are to install natural and unnatural ventilations and to provide air purifying respirators.

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