scholarly journals Perbandingan Tingkat Sedasi Klonidin Syrup 2 mcg/kgBB dengan Diazepam Syrup 0.4 mg/kgBB sebagai Premedikasi pada Pasien Anak yang Menjalani Pembedahan dengan General Anestesi

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Vera Muharrami ◽  
A. Sani P. Nasution ◽  
Nazaruddin Umar
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Surgery ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Subjective Feeling ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Adrenoceptor Agonist ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Preanesthetic Medication

Introduction: Anxiety in children undergoing surgery is characterized by subjective feeling of tension, apprehension,nervousness and worry that may be expressed in various forms. Clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, has beenshown to be as a preanesthetic medication in childrens. The current study was designed to investigate the differencesof level sedation clonidine syrup and diazepam syrup as a premedicant in children.Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial, 40 children, aged 2-12 yr, undergoing electivesurgery received 2 micrograms/kg clonidine syrup or 0.4 mg/kg diazepam syrup orally. These agents were administered120 min before the estimated time of induction of general anesthesia and noted the children’s level of sedation. Thelevel of sedation were compared among the two groups. PASS <1 demanded rescue intravenous sedation.Result: Clonidine syrup 2 mcg/kgBB provided better quality of sedation after 60 min of premedicant but it wasn’tsignificant(1.8±0.92) and diazepam syrup (0.80±0.89; p>0.05) and number of patients with rescue intravenous diazepamacceptance were same both clonidine group compared to diazepam, there was no significant difference between twogroups, 10% of clonidine group patients, 10 % of diazepam group patients (p>0.05). No clinically significanthypotension or bradycardia was observed after preanesthetic medications of diazepam and clonidine syrup.Discussion: These data indicate that, even in pediatric surgery, the 2 micrograms/kg syrup clonidine is an effectivepremedication. However, the safety and optimal dose of clonidine in this setting remain to be determined.

scholarly journals The Effects of Propolis Extract Administration on HIV Patients Receiving ARV

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
Erwin Astha Triyono ◽  
Sarah Firdausa ◽  
Heru Prasetyo ◽  
Joni Susanto ◽  
James Hutagalung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Human Immune System ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an infectious disease that targets the human immune system by attacking cluster of differentiation (CD)4 cells. The use of propolis in HIV patients is expected to be safe and beneficial in terms of increasing endurance and immunity by its role in increasing CD4 level. This study aimed to analyze the influence of propolis supplementation in increasing the CD4 level in anti-retroviral (ARV)-treated HIV patients.METHODS: Double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in 50 HIV patients who took regular ARV therapy. The subjects were divided into two groups, one group was treated with ARV and propolis, while another one was given ARV and placebo. The CD4 cell count was measured during pre-treatment, in the 3rd month, in the 6th month after treatment. The level of hemoglobin, leukocyte, and platelets were also measured. The SF-12 questionnaire was used to evaluate quality of life of the subject.RESULTS: Out of 50 subjects, 43 subjects completed the study, which were 19 subjects from the propolis group and 24 subjects from the placebo group. After 3-month of treatment, there was a statistically significant difference in the incrwase of CD 44 level in propolis group, while the increment was not significant in the placebo group. After 6-month treatment, the increase of CD4 level was occurred in both groups, propolis and placebo, however the increment was not statistically significant. The levels of hemoglobin, leukocyte, and platelets were not altered by the treatment and remained normal throughout the study. The quality of life was improved during the study; however, it was also not statistically significant. Mild adverse events occurred in 3 subjects which were relieved after the treatment stopped.CONCLUSION: Based on the result of this study, the administration of propolis on HIV patients receiving ARV bring significant difference in the increase of CD4 in propolis group from baseline to 3 month after the treatment. While in placebo group, this increment was not significant. At the end of study, CD4 count continued to rise up, however the increase was not statistically significant. There are no hemoglobin, leukocyte, platelets, and quality of life abnormalities. Therefore, it is necesary to do further research with a spesific CD4 count. However, it may be beneficial in relieving the clinical symptoms and quality of life of patient living with HIV.KEYWORDS: CD4, ARV, HIV, propolis

scholarly journals Validation Study of Kim's Sham Needle by Measuring Facial Temperature: An N-of-1 Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanghun Lee ◽  
Nara Lim ◽  
Sun Mi Choi ◽  
Sungchul Kim
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Infrared Thermal Imaging ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Control Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Stimulation Of

Introduction. In 2008, Kim's sham needle was developed to improve the quality of double-blinded studies. The aim of this study is to validate Kim's sham needle by measuring facial temperature.Methods. We designed “N-of-1” trials involving 7 smokers. One session was composed of 2 stimulations separated by a 2 h washout period. Six sessions were applied daily for all subjects. Infrared thermal imaging was used to examine the effects of acupuncture (HT8, KI2) on facial temperature following smoking-induced decrease.Results. All subjects demonstrated decreased temperatures after sham needle treatment, but 5 of the 7 subjects showed increased temperatures after real needle treatment. 6 of the 7 subjects showed a significant difference(P<0.05)between treatments with real and sham needles. Thus, the physiological stimulation of Kim's sham needle is different from that of a real needle, suggesting that Kim's sham needle is a potential inactive control intervention.

scholarly journals Assessment of health care quality in the tertiary level pediatric hospitals in Serbia

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Nina Kuburovic ◽  
Slavisa Djuricic ◽  
Andjelija Neskovic ◽  
Velimir Dedic ◽  
Vladimir Kuburovic
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Pediatric Surgery ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Autopsy Rate ◽  
Quality Of Work ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

Background/Aim. It is necessary to improve the quality of health care for children. Assessment data would provide new insights into better treatment outcomes. The aim of this descriptive study was to estimate and to compare applied quality indicators in five pediatric inpatient tertiary level institutions in Serbia during the period from January 1st to December 31st 2008. Methods. Quality data and indicators were collected in the Institute for Public Health of Serbia ?Dr. Milan Jovanovic Batut?. Descriptive statistics and chisquare test were used for data analysis. Results. The average length of stay (ALOS) in pediatric departments was 7.51 ? 1.30 days (5.88-8.91 days). In the same period, ALOS in pediatric surgery departments was 5.85 ? 1.50 days (3.58-7.57 days). The average number of nurses per occupied bed was 0.76 ? 0.20 and 1.09 ? 0.36 in pediatric and in pediatric surgery departments, respectively. The number of operated patients per surgeon was in the range 51.0-160.5. The annual case fatality rate in pediatric departments was estimated to 0.72% ? 0.20%, whereas in pediatric surgery departments it was 0.34% ? 0.25%. The autopsy rate was estimated to 0.00%-63.16% in pediatric departments, and 37.14%-80.00% in pediatric surgery departments. There was statistically significant difference among the five hospitals regarding the following indicators of quality of work: total annual mortality rate of patients, autopsy rate, number of rate of patients, autopsy rate, number of patients referred to other institutions, both in pediatric and pediatric surgery departments. Conclusion. There is a significant difference among the five hospitals regarding indicators of quality of work. Obligatory set of quality indicators on the basis of legislative acts are the indicators of general quality of work in hospital. It is necessary to establish specific pediatric quality indicators and to define national standards related to these indicators.

Adjunctive Effects of Systemic Amoxicillin and Metronidazole with Scaling and Root Planing: A Randomized, Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Moeintaghavi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Talebi-ardakani ◽  
Ahmad Haerian-ardakani ◽  
Hengame Zandi ◽  
Shokouh Taghipour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Scaling And Root Planing ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Root Planing ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Microbiological Testing ◽  
Clinical Changes

Abstract Aims Aims: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the systemic administration of metronidazole and amoxicillin as an adjunct to initial periodontal therapy in patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis. Methods and Materials This randomized, double blind, placebo controlled parallel study involved 50 adult patients with untreated periodontitis who were randomly assigned to receive either a full-mouth scaling and root planing along with systemic metronidazole and amoxicillin (T group) or scaling and root planing with a placebo (P group). Clinical measurements including probing depth (PD), clinical attachment levels (CAL), Plaque Index (PI), and Bleeding Index (BI) were recorded at baseline and six to eight weeks after therapy. The deepest pocket was selected and samples for microbiological testing were taken. Patients received coded study medications of either 500 mg amoxicillin in combination with 250 mg metronidazole or an identical placebo every eight hours for seven days following scaling and root planing. Results There was a significant change in PD (P=0.0001), CAL (P=0.00001), PI (P<0.05), and BI (P<0.05) in the T group compared to the placebo group after therapy. Parallel to the clinical changes, treatment significantly reduced the number of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), and P. intermedia (Pi) compared with baseline in the T group (P=0.003, 0.021 and 0.0001, respectively). However, in the P group only the Pi colony count was reduced significantly (P=0.0001). After therapy, there was a significant difference between the T and P groups in the number of patients negative for Aa, Pg, and Pi (Pv = 0.033). Conclusions The significant differences between treatment and placebo groups are in line with other studies and support the considerable adjunctive benefits of the combination of amoxicillin and metronidazole in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Citation Moeintaghavi A, Talebi-ardakani MR, Haerian-ardakani A, Zandi H, Taghipour S, Fallahzadeh H, Pakzad A, Fahami N. Adjunctive Effects of Systemic Amoxicillin and Metronidazole with Scaling and Root Planing: A Randomized, Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 July;(8)5:051-059.

scholarly journals Sofosbuvir and daclatasvir for the treatment of COVID-19 outpatients: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Roozbeh ◽  
Majid Saeedi ◽  
Reza Alizadeh-Navaei ◽  
Akbar Hedayatizadeh-Omran ◽  
Shahin Merat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Loss Of Appetite

Abstract Introduction Effective treatments are urgently needed to tackle the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This trial aims to evaluate sofosbuvir and daclatasvir versus standard care for outpatients with mild COVID-19 infection. Methods This was a randomized controlled clinical trial in outpatients with mild COVID-19. Patients were randomized into a treatment arm receiving sofosbuvir/daclatasvir plus hydroxychloroquine or a control arm receiving hydroxychloroquine alone. The primary endpoint of the trial was symptom alleviation after 7 days of follow-up. The secondary endpoint of the trial was hospital admission. Fatigue, dyspnoea and loss of appetite were investigated after 1 month of follow-up. This study is registered with the IRCT.ir under registration number IRCT20200403046926N1. Results Between 8 April 2020 and 19 May 2020, 55 patients were recruited and allocated to either the sofosbuvir/daclatasvir treatment arm (n = 27) or the control arm (n = 28). Baseline characteristics were similar across treatment arms. There was no significant difference in symptoms at Day 7. One patient was admitted to hospital in the sofosbuvir/daclatasvir arm and four in the control arm, but the difference was not significant. After 1 month of follow-up, two patients reported fatigue in the sofosbuvir/daclatasvir arm and 16 in the control arm; P &lt; 0.001. Conclusions In this study, sofosbuvir/daclatasvir did not significantly alleviate symptoms after 7 days of treatment compared with control. Although fewer hospitalizations were observed in the sofosbuvir/daclatasvir arm, this was not statistically significant. Sofosbuvir/daclatasvir significantly reduced the number of patients with fatigue and dyspnoea after 1 month. Larger, well-designed trials are warranted.

A randomized trial of the effect of peer education on the sexual quality of life in patients with myocardial infarction

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Abbasi ◽  
Hossein Ebrahimi ◽  
Hossein Bagheri ◽  
Mohammad Hasan Basirinezhad ◽  
Seyedmohammad Mirhosseini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Peer Education ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Sexual Quality Of Life ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractBackgroundOne of the factors associated with readmission is inappropriate sexual activity after myocardial infarction (MI). This study aimed to assess the effect of peer education on the sexual quality of life (SQOL) in patients with MI.MethodsIn this randomized controlled clinical trial, 70 patients with MI meeting the inclusion criteria were assigned to experimental or control groups using block randomization. Peer education for the intervention group was provided on the third day after MI. Education sessions lasted from 90 to 120 minutes. Data were collected using demographic, sexual quality of life-female (SQOL-F), and sexual quality of life-male (SQOL-M) questionnaires during the fourth week after MI.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the two groups before the intervention in terms of demographic and SQOL. The mean of SQOL in the peer education group was significantly higher than the control group at the 4-week follow-up.ConclusionsAccording to the results, using peer education is recommended for the sexual health care professionals.

scholarly journals A randomised controlled clinical trial comparing the effectiveness of bandaging compared to the JuxtaCures™ device in the management of people with venous ulceration: Feasibility study

2021 ◽  
pp. 026835552098822
Author(s):  
Philip Stather ◽  
Carroll Petty ◽  
Helen Langthorne ◽  
Emma Rayner ◽  
Jufen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Multicentre Trial ◽  
Compression Therapy ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Venous Ulceration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Introduction The mainstay of treatment for venous ulceration remains compression therapy. Velcro Wrap devices are being increasingly used in these patients despite limited evidence. This feasibility study aimed to compare standard bandaging to the JuxtaCures™ Velcro wrap device. Methods A single centre, unblinded RCT compared participants with venous ulceration randomised to either the JuxtaCures™ device or short stretch bandaging. Participants were followed up for 26 weeks. Results 160 participants were screened with 40 randomised. 3 participants in bandaging and 1 in JuxtaCures™ didn’t complete the study. 60% in JuxtaCures™ healed v 55% in bandaging despite larger ulcers in the JuxtaCures™ arm (9.33 cm2 v 6.97 cm2). There was no significant difference in time to healing (12.17 v 13.64 weeks). JuxtaCures™ showed improved ulcer reduction for those that didn’t heal (14.91–5.00 cm2 v 14.20–8.62 cm2; P = 0.06). JuxtaCures™ had more consistent sub-bandage pressure dropping from 39–36 mmHg versus 41–25 mmHg in bandaging between application and removal (P < 0.001). Quality of life (EQ5D) was improved in JuxtaCures at 3 months (mean difference 0.14, p = 0.04), but not at 1 and 6 months, or in disease specific quality of life. Cost was lower in JuxtaCures™ £842.47 v £1064.68. Duration of appointment was significantly shorter in JuxtaCures™ (41 minutes v 53 minutes; P = 0.003). Conclusion This study has shown the feasibility and necessity of running a multicentre trial to evaluate the use of Velcro wrap devices for venous ulceration. It highlights the potential benefits of more consistent pressure, increased self-care, and potential with regards to ulcer healing, cost, nursing resource and quality of life.

Duloxetine augmentation in resistant obsessive compulsive disorder: Surveying a new medication for challenges in treatment of OCD

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S415-S415
Author(s):  
A. Mowla
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
To Receive

IntroductionUp to 50% of patients with OCD have failed to respond in SSRI trials, so looking for pharmacological alternatives in treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) seems necessary.ObjectivesSurveying duloxetine augmentation in treatment of resistant OCD.AimsStudy the effects of serotonin-norepinephrine enhancers for treatment of OCD.MethodsThis augmentation trial was designed as an 8-week randomized controlled, double blind study. Forty-six patients suffering from OCD who had failed to respond to at least 12 weeks of treatment with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (fluoxetine, citalopram or fluvoxamine) were randomly allocated to receive duloxetine or sertraline plus their current anti OCD treatment. Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) was the primary outcome measure.ResultsForty-six patients (24 of 30 in duloxetine group and 22 of 27 in sertraline group) completed the trial. Both groups showed improvement over the 8-week study period (mean Y-BOCS total score at week 8 as compared with baseline: P < 0.001 and P < 0.001) without significant difference (P = 0.861). Those receiving duloxetine plus their initial medications experienced a mean decrease of 33.0% in Y-BOCS score and the patients with sertraline added to their initial medication experienced a mean decrease of 34.5% in Y-BOCS.ConclusionsOur double blind controlled clinical trial showed duloxetine to be as effective as sertraline in reducing obsessive and compulsive symptoms in resistant OCD patients. However, it needs to be noted that our study is preliminary and larger double blind placebo controlled studies are necessary to confirm the results.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Does the packaging of health information affect the assessment of its reliability? A randomized controlled trial protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Leela Raj ◽  
Denise Smith ◽  
James Heilman
Keyword(s):  
Health Information ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Online Health Information ◽  
Plain Language ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
Written Information ◽  
Significant Difference

Background Wikipedia is frequently used as a source of health information. However, the quality of its content varies widely across articles. The DISCERN tool is a brief questionnaire developed in 1996 by the Division of Public Health and Primary Health Care of the Institute of Health Sciences of the University of Oxford. They claim it provides users with a valid and reliable way of assessing the quality of written information. However, the DISCERN instrument’s reliability in measuring the quality of online health information, particularly whether or not its scores are affected by reader biases about specific publication sources, has not yet been explored. Methods This study is a double-blind randomized assessment of a Wikipedia article versus a BMJ literature review using a modified version of the DISCERN tool. Participants will include physicians and medical residents from four university campuses in Ontario and British Columbia and will be randomized into one of four study arms. Inferential statistics tests (paired t-test, multi-level ordinal regression, and one-way ANOVA) will be conducted with the data collected from the study. Outcomes The primary outcome of this study will be to determine whether a statistically significant difference in DISCERN scores exists, which could suggest whether or not how health information is packaged influences how it is assessed for quality. Plain Language Summary The internet, and in particular Wikipedia, is an important way for professionals, students and the public to obtain health information. For this reason, the DISCERN tool was developed in 1996 to help users assess the quality of the health information they find. The ability of DISCERN to measure the quality of online health information has been supported with research, but the role of bias has not necessarily been accounted for. Does how the information is packaged influence how the information itself is evaluated? This study will compare the scores assigned to articles in their original format to the same articles in a modified format in order to determine whether the DISCERN tool is able to overcome bias. A significant difference in ratings between original and inverted articles will suggest that the DISCERN tool lacks the ability to overcome bias related to how health information is packaged.

scholarly journals What is the knowledge of tubercular patients about risk factors contributing to development of their disease

2006 ◽  
Vol 134 (Suppl. 2) ◽  
pp. 122-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Ilic
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Main Risk Factor ◽  
Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Anonymous Questionnaire ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Basic Characteristics

INTRODUCTION. Present knowledge of population on basic characteristics of tuberculosis is a significant issue of prevention of tuberculosis. OBJECTIVE. The objective of our study was to determine the level of knowledge on risk factors of tuberculosis among tubercular patients. METHOD. A total of 115 new patients with the active pulmonary tuberculosis were interviewed by means of anonymous questionnaire, who has been treated at the Institute of Pulmonary Diseases, Sremska Kamenica during six-month period (October 2003-March 2004). RESULTS. The patients fulfilled the questionnaire; 37.6 % had no or finished only elementary school, and 58.6 % considered genetics the main risk factor of tuberculosis. Every second patient believed that he could not catch tuberculosis if he suffered from diabetes mellitus or any kind of tumor. 8.7 % of patients who suffered from diabetes mellitus had been informed by their physicians that could catch tuberculosis one day. Every third patient did not possess sewage system and nearly 20% lived in moist flats. Around 85% had no regular salaries or these were significantly under the average Serbian income per capita in this period (12820 dinars-CSD). Leading risk factors that can contribute to development of tuberculosis were as follows: irregular nutrition (91.4 %), smoking (74.2 %), alcohol consumption (65.5%) and associated diseases (diabetes mellitus, tumors). Only 15% of them believed that all these risk factors (smoking, alcohol, irregular diet) could participate together in development of tuberculosis, and not as individual factors. Analyzing the patients? knowledge on risk factors of tuberculosis, in relation to their educational level and alcohol and cigarettes consumption, there was no significant difference (p<0.05). Nevertheless, analyzing the quality of life in patients? houses, in relation to salary and bad habits (alcohol, cigarettes) as risk factors of tuberculosis, significant statistical difference was found (p>0.05). CONCLUSION. Intensive and permanent education of population is necessary primarily considering the knowledge on tuberculosis that would be the basis of reducing the number of patients and leading to possible eradication of this disease.

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