The effect of pH on the functional state of photosynthetic apparatus of rare endemic plants of the Crimean flora in vitro

AbstractThe present study investigated the response of non-metallicolous (NM) and metallicolous (M) Alyssum montanum shoots cultured in vitro on a medium supplemented simultaneously with heavy metals (HMs) to identify mechanisms involved in alleviating metal-induced damage. Plant status in respect to photosynthetic apparatus efficiency was determined and linked with changes in biochemical composition of shoots, namely phenolic acids’ and stress-related phytohormones. Results showed the considerable inter-ecotype differences in (1) the photosynthetic pigments’ amount, (2) the functioning of membrane electron transporters as well as (3) the linear and alternative electron transport pathways, whose lower values were reported in NM than in M HM-treated culture. Photosynthetic apparatus protection in M specimens was assured by the activation of cinnamic acid synthesis (by phenylalanine ammonia lyase) and its further transformations to benzoic acid derivatives with high ability to counteract oxidative stress, that was accompanied by the overexpression of jasmonic acid stimulating antioxidant machinery. In turn, detrimental HM effects on NM shoots could result from the diminution of most phenolics’ accumulation, and only the content of coumarate (produced by bifunctional phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia lyase) and rosmarinic acid increased. All these together with an enhanced concentration of abscisic acid might suggest that NM strategy to cope with HMs is based mostly on a restriction of metal movement with transpiration flow and their limited distribution in leaves. Summarizing, our findings for the first time point out the physiological and metabolic adaptation of pseudometallophyte A. montanum to adverse conditions.

Download Full-text

Study the Effect of Ph Degree and Concentration of Copper Sulphate on Stevia rebaudiana Which Propagated in Vitro

Alexandria Science Exchange Journal An International Quarterly Journal of Science Agricultural Environments ◽

10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2011.152262 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 223-230

Author(s):

Omar A.A. ◽

Barakat A.

Keyword(s):

Copper Sulphate ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana ◽

Effect Of Ph

Download Full-text

Impact of saline solution on growth and photosystem II during in vitro cultivation of Bromelia antiacantha (Bromeliaceae)

Rodriguésia ◽

10.1590/2175-7860202172018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 72 ◽

Author(s):

Rosiane Cipriano ◽

João Paulo Rodrigues Martins ◽

Luiz Carlos de Almeida Rodrigues ◽

Antelmo Ralph Falqueto ◽

Andreia Barcelos Passos Lima Gontijo

Keyword(s):

Photosystem Ii ◽

Saline Solution ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽

Solution Culture ◽

In Vitro Cultivation ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Positive Effect

Abstract In vitro cultivation is a technique with wide application for micropropagation. However, each species has specific mineral needs for this type of cultivation. The objective was to assess the impacts of the saline solution culture medium on the performance of the photosynthetic apparatus and growth of Bromelia antiacantha during in vitro cultivation, and thus to elucidate the mitigation of the nutritional imbalance that can interfere in the electron transport in the plants. Plants were cultivated in a salt concentration gradient of MS medium (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% or 100%). The growth traits and fluorescence a chlorophyll were analyzed. Intermediate concentrations of MS medium resulted in plants with a larger number of leaves and longer root length. The OJIP curves and results of the JIP test showed that the plants grown without MS salts presented less efficient photosystem II (PSII), as indicated by the performance index [Pi(total)]. In contrast, the intermediate concentrations (MS 25% and 50%) had a positive effect on the performance of the photosynthetic apparatus. The MS 25% medium can be used for in vitro cultivation of B. antiacantha, enabling the development of plants with suitable physiological qualities for planting in the field.

Download Full-text

Morphophysiological responses of Billbergia zebrina Lindl. (Bromeliaceae) in function of types and concentrations of carbohydrates during conventional in vitro culture

Ornamental Horticulture ◽

10.1590/2447-536x.v26i1.2092 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 18-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elizangela Rodrigues Santos ◽

João Paulo Rodrigues Martins ◽

Luiz Carlos de Almeida Rodrigues ◽

Andreia Barcelos Passos Lima Gontijo ◽

Antelmo Ralph Falqueto

Keyword(s):

Photosystem Ii ◽

In Vitro Culture ◽

Leaf Anatomy ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Stomatal Density ◽

Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽

Fluorescence Transient ◽

Chlorophyll A Fluorescence Transient ◽

Concentration Interval

Abstract When propagated in vitro, explants receive all the nutrients needed for their growth, including carbohydrates, from the culture medium. However, it is not well understood how the type and concentration of carbohydrates can affect the functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus (particularly photosystem II) of these plants. The aim was to assess the morphophysiological responses of Billbergia zebrina plants in function of sources and concentrations of carbohydrates during in vitro culture. Side shoots of plants previously established in vitro were individualized and transferred to a culture medium containing fructose, glucose or sucrose in four concentrations (0, 15, 30 or 45 g L−1). After growth for 55 days, the chlorophyll a fluorescence transient, leaf anatomy and growth were analyzed. The concentration and type of carbohydrate employed during in vitro culture did not decrease the photosynthetic apparatus performance. However, concentrations above 30 g L−1 led to anatomical modifications, revealing some degree of stress suffered by the plants. When grown in concentrations of 15 and 30 g L−1, irrespective of the carbohydrate used, the plants presented greater stomatal density. The supplementation of the culture medium with monosaccharides caused alterations in the development of the xylem vessels, such as increased number and diameter, allowing adjustment to the microenvironmental conditions. The in vitro conditions influenced the photosynthetic and anatomical responses of plants. The concentration interval from 15 to 30 g L−1 sucrose had a better effect by not causing large changes in the performance of the photosynthetic apparatus and anatomy of plants.

Download Full-text