The Impact of Regulatory Policies on Risk Taking and Scale Efficiency of Commercial Banks in an Emerging Banking Sector

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (sup5) ◽  
pp. 80-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Nur Özkan-Günay ◽  
Zeynep N. Günay ◽  
Gökhan Günay
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Examining banking productivity drivers in MENA banks after financial liberalisation in 1990s

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-74
Author(s):  
Hatem Elfeituri
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Mena Countries ◽  
Financial Liberalisation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Banking Productivity

The paper investigates whether deregulation and economic reforms have transformed the MENA banking sector into a more productive and efficient sector. This is the first study to cover a large sample of 11 MENA countries for an extended and recent period (1999-2012). Initially, this paper estimates the productivity and efficiency of MENA commercial banks using Malmquist DEA to estimate productivity (TFP), technological and technical efficiency, and scale efficiency change in order to investigate to what extent banking productivity in MENA economies has improved during the study period. Then, Tobit model is employed to examine the impact of bank and macroeconomic variables on the total factor productivity of MENA commercial banks. The obtained MPI results suggest that commercial banks operating in the Gulf countries have exhibited productivity progress mostly due to the technological progress rather than efficiency change. Results also suggest that expenses preference behaviour would help banks to enhance their productivity in the examined period and MENA countries. Whilst banking productivity is improved by financial reforms and technological progress, such findings overall do not indicate that foreign participation or state ownership lead to enhance productivity of banks, whilst suggesting that a number of sound policies should be implemented taking into account the characteristics of banking sector in MENA countries.

The Chinese banks’ directors and their risk-taking behavior

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sok-Gee Chan ◽  
Eric H.Y. Koh ◽  
Mohd Zaini Abd Karim
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Boards Of Directors ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Chinese Banking

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of the directors’ socioeconomic backgrounds on the risk-taking behavior of the listed commercial banks in China. Design/methodology/approach The generalized least square method and Arellano and Bover’s (1995) generalized method of moment were used to study the relationship between the directors’ socioeconomic backgrounds and bank risk-taking behavior. The sample studied consists of 16 listed commercial banks in China from 2003 to 2011. Findings It was found that smaller board sizes and higher percentage of independent directors contribute to lower risk-taking. The results also indicate that banks are better off with boards that have gender diversity, government affiliation and higher average age because they enhance problem-solving and market insights facilitate adherence to government or regulatory policies and help reduce the banks’ risks. Research limitations/implications Future studies may consider including non-public-listed banks, pre-2003 data and analyses of the agencies to which the government-affiliated directors are or were attached. Practical implications The paper suggests that corporate governance reform initiatives with closely monitored implementation and phased liberalization contributed toward the banking industry’s resilience. Implications for management include that boards of directors with better quality, sufficient independence, gender diversity, government affiliation and maturity will help reduce risks. Social implications This study may facilitate the decision-making for the bank management and policymakers on the selection of best directors in the Chinese banking sector. The Chinese banking system serves as a plausible role model for consideration, given that four of its banks have now leapfrogged to be among the top ten largest banking institutions after the global financial crisis. Originality/value The study covers a wide range of socioeconomic backgrounds of the board of directors which are crucial in influencing the behavior of the board in banking operations.

scholarly journals Economic Fluctuation, Local Government Bond Risk and Risk-Taking of City Commercial Banks

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9871
Author(s):  
Changjun Zheng ◽  
Shiying Chen ◽  
Zhenhuan Dong
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Government Debt ◽  
Bank Risk ◽  
Government Bond ◽  
Economic Fluctuation ◽  
Bond Risk ◽  
The Impact

Countercyclical fiscal regulation can mitigate economic risk, but this is bound to increase the scale of local government debt during an economic downturn, and then spread risk to the banking sector, forming potential financial instability factors. We extracted the three most important variables in this process: economic fluctuation, local debt risk and bank risk-taking to build an econometric model and found that: (1) both economic fluctuations and local government bond risks have a significant impact on bank risk-taking, which is negatively correlated with local economic growth, while the increase of local government bond risks tends to increase bank risk-taking in the long run; (2) the impact of local government debt risk significantly increases the loans of city commercial banks flowing into the construction industry. Therefore, the impact of local government bond risk on city commercial banks is concentrated in the impact on their construction loans. This study has an important reference value for timely and moderate countercyclical regulation, preventing local debt risk from spreading to banks, constructing a sustainable local government−bank ecology, and promoting sustainable economic development.

scholarly journals Impact of ownership structure on default risk: a case of banking sector of Pakistan

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadija Ashfaq ◽  
Zahid Irshad Younas ◽  
Bilal Mehmood
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Default Risk ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Ownership Concentration ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
The Impact

This study empirically investigates the impact of ownership structure on default risk of banks by using the panel data of commercial banks of Pakistan over the period of 2005-2011. The study considers two dimensions of ownership structure: categories of owners and ownership concentration. The study further splits the categories of owners into seven categories (managers/directors, families/individuals, foreigners, public owners, banks, non-banking financial institutions, and non-financial institutions), having different risk taking incentives. Controlling for various factors, the results of the study reveal that the ownership structure is significantly related with default risk of banks. On the whole, higher equity stake families/individuals are associated with a decrease in default risk of banks. Also, the involvement of public owners and foreign owners in ownership structure seem to increase the default risk of banks. All other categories do not have significant relation with default risk of banks. Finally, the findings of the study suggest that high ownership concentration is associated with high default risk in banks.

scholarly journals Does the target market affect bank performance? Evidence from the geographic diversification of city commercial banks in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaonan Li ◽  
Chang Song
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Bank Performance ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Geographic Diversification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Geographical Diversification

AbstractAfter the opening up of the banking sector to domestic and foreign capitals which is approved by the Chinese government, the China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) has permitted city commercial banks to diversify geographically. Since this deregulation in 2006, city commercial banks began to geographically diversify to occupy the market and acquire more financial resources. To examine the causal relationship between geographical diversification and bank performance, we construct an exogenous geographical diversification instrument using the gravity-deregulation model and a policy shock. We find that bank geographical diversification negatively affects bank performance. Moreover, we conduct some mechanism tests in the Chinese context. We find that the target market with several large- and medium-sized banks and a high level of local protectionism in the target market decreases the performance of city commercial banks. Finally, cross-sectional analyses show that the impact of geographical diversification on banks’ performance is more notable among city commercial banks that are younger, and have a lower capital adequacy ratio and a higher non-performing loan ratio.

scholarly journals The Impact of Corporate Governance on Profitability of Conventional Banks Operating in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-267
Author(s):  
Hafiz Muhammad Naveed ◽  
Shoaib Ali ◽  
Yao Hongxing ◽  
Saqib Altaf ◽  
Jan Muhammad Sohu
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Board Independence ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Board Directors ◽  
Conventional Banks ◽  
The Impact

The key purpose of present research study to examine the association among corporate governance and profitability banks in developing counties. For such primary objective, annually based data collected from 2004 to 2016. The data taken from annual financial reports which issued by conventional banks.  We have used ADF (Augmented Dickey Fuller) test to examine the unit-root of variables. Moreover, the multiple linear regression utilized for hypothetical estimation. The results indicates that corporate governance and conventional banks profitability of Pakistan are bidirectional (positive-negative) associated to each other. In addition, the board size (Board Directors) is negatively associated with Return on assets and return on equity of banks. Similarly, the board independence (Insider-Outsider Board Directors) is positively influenced to return on assets and return on equity of conventional banks of Pakistan. The overall findings shows that board size and board independence are highly associated with return on equity than return on assets. Moreover, banking sector in developing countries the board size should contain on appropriate strength and acquire more professional and qualified staff. An optimal number of directors in a board size there is a need of commercial banks as to increase the profitability. To enhance the investors’ confidence with the bank there is also a need of the commercial banks to increases the board independency.

A Multidimensional View of Intellectual Capital: The Impact on Innovation Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Mostafa A. Ali ◽  
Nazimah Hussin ◽  
Hossam Haddad ◽  
Reem Al-Araj ◽  
Ibtihal A. Abed
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Economic Trend ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Tangible Assets ◽  
The Impact

The current economic trend worldwide is for an industrial economy based on tangible assets to convert into a non-tangible economy based on intellectual capital. Lately, a multidimensional view of intellectual capital and its implications on innovation performance have generated renewed research interests. Based on these facts, the relationship amongst different antecedent factors such as culture and trust on intellectual capital components was analysed. In addition, a correlation among intellectual capital components (as non-tangible assets) and innovation performance for the banking sector was established. The positivism philosophy, deductive approach and quantitative methods were used as the research methodology to accomplish the research objectives. In this process, a questionnaire survey and purposive sampling technique were used to collect the responses from 364 employees of the Iraqi commercial banks. The obtained data were analysed statistically using the SPSS v25 and AMOS v24 software. The results revealed a significant impact of culture and trust (antecedent factors) on various intellectual capital components. Furthermore, a strong connection between these antecedent factors and intellectual capital components was evidenced, confirming the study hypotheses. Interestingly, intellectual capital components were found to enhance significantly the innovation performance of the banks, leading to better competitive advantages. In addition, it provided evidence on the impacts of inter-relationships amongst human, structural and relational capitals. Consequently, the study provides academicians and practitioners valuable insights into and guidance on how developing intellectual capital enhances competitive performance, especially in the context of Iraqi commercial banks.

scholarly journals The Effect of Risks on Banking Safety: Applied Study on Jordanian Traditional Banks (2005-2016)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Mohammad Abdel Mohsen Al-Afeef ◽  
Atallah Hassan Al-Ta'ani
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Credit Risk ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Liquidity Risk ◽  
Interest Rate Risk ◽  
Bank Credit ◽  
Applied Study ◽  
Rate Risk ◽  
The Impact

Banking sector is one of the most important sectors that support the sustainable economic development in Jordan, therefore this study aimed to test the impact of risks; (Liquidity risk, bank credit risk and interest rate risk) on the safety in the banking sector in the Jordanian commercial banks during the period 2005-2016.The results of the study showed that there is a statistically significant impact for each of liquidity risk and interest rate risk on the safety in the banking sector, and there isn't statistically significant impact for credit risk on the safety in the banking sector during the period of this study, and also find that the explanatory of model was 60.5%, which means that 39.5% due to other factors.

scholarly journals Impact of Employee Participation on Job Satisfaction, Employee Fairness Perception and Organizational Commitment: A Case of Nepalese Commercial Banks

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achyut Gyawali
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Joint Ventures ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Employee Participation ◽  
Fairness Perception ◽  
Public Banks ◽  
The Impact

Bank is one of the major institutions in the financial sector of any economy. Banking sector plays a vital role as a financial intermediary in the economic development of the country. Among those factors, impact of employee participation on job satisfaction, employee fairness perception and organizational commitment, is also considered as one of the most important factors that improves the performance of commercial banks. This study deals with the fundamental issues associated with the impact of employee participation on job satisfaction, employee fairness perception and organizational commitment of commercial banks of Nepal. In selecting the most reliable and representative samples, stratified sampling techniques was used. The population of the commercial banks was stratified as joint ventures, non-joint ventures and public banks. 15 commercial banks were selected as the sample. The total number of observations used for this study is 200 which include 70 observations from the joint venture banks, 110 observations from the non-joint venture banks and 20 observations from the public banks. Impact of employee participation on job satisfaction, employee fairness perception and organizational commitment have positive significant relation. Among all three determinants organizational commitment is more influenced by employee participation as it has highest correlation coefficient. Most of the surveyed employees agreed that management gives recognition for job performance and they are satisfied with the freedom in work; every employee has opportunity to get promotion in bank, and they are willing to put in a great deal of effort beyond expected in order to help the organization to be successful.The Saptagandaki Journal Vol.8 2017: 1-13

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