scholarly journals THE ABUNDANCE AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PLANKTON COMMUNITIES IN BANGGAI ISLANDS WATERS

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hikmah Thoha ◽  
Arief Rachman ◽  
Arief Rachman
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Plankton Community ◽  
Zooplankton Abundance ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Prey Interaction ◽  
Plankton Community Structure ◽  
Oceanic Ecosystem

<p>Banggai Islands waters are mixing area between Banda Sea and Makassar Sea, thus resulting in the existence of many unique marine ecosystems. This conditon might also lead to the occurrence of unique and specific plankton community in the oceanic ecosystem of Banggai Islands. This research was conducted in 26 June to 8 July using Baruna VIII research vessel. Phytoplankton and zooplankton samples were collected in 14 stations using Kitahara and NORPAC plankton net. The plankton data in this research was analyzed with Bray-Curtis Clustering Analysis (Single Link), linear regression and Pearson correlation matrix. The results showed that zooplankton abundance was highest at the strait between Liang and Labobo Island, while phytoplankton was found abundant at eastern Tinangkung Island. On the other hand, Mesamat Bay was found having very low abundance of zooplankton and phytoplankton, which probably related to low nutrient availability in the water column. Calanoids, cyclopoids, and oikopleurans were dominant taxa with widest spatial distribution and highest importance value in zooplankton community of Banggai Islands. Meanwhile Chaetoceros, Rhizosolenia and Thalassiothrix were the dominant genus with widest spatial distribution and highest importance value in phytoplankton community. The result of clustering analysis showed that there were three stations with unique plankton community, and was found very different from the planktonic community in other stations. It was interesting to note that bottom-up control by nutrient availabilty, and top-down control by predator-prey interaction, probably not the main factor responsible for the unique pattern of plankton community structure of Banggai Islands.</p> <p>Keywords: plankton community, Banggai islands waters, Bray-Curtis clustering analysis, biological indices.</p>

scholarly journals THE ABUNDANCE AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PLANKTON COMMUNITIES IN BANGGAI ISLANDS WATERS

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hikmah Thoha ◽  
Arief Rachman ◽  
Arief Rachman
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Plankton Community ◽  
Zooplankton Abundance ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Prey Interaction ◽  
Plankton Community Structure ◽  
Oceanic Ecosystem

Banggai Islands waters are mixing area between Banda Sea and Makassar Sea, thus resulting in the existence of many unique marine ecosystems. This conditon might also lead to the occurrence of unique and specific plankton community in the oceanic ecosystem of Banggai Islands. This research was conducted in 26 June to 8 July using Baruna VIII research vessel. Phytoplankton and zooplankton samples were collected in 14 stations using Kitahara and NORPAC plankton net. The plankton data in this research was analyzed with Bray-Curtis Clustering Analysis (Single Link), linear regression and Pearson correlation matrix. The results showed that zooplankton abundance was highest at the strait between Liang and Labobo Island, while phytoplankton was found abundant at eastern Tinangkung Island. On the other hand, Mesamat Bay was found having very low abundance of zooplankton and phytoplankton, which probably related to low nutrient availability in the water column. Calanoids, cyclopoids, and oikopleurans were dominant taxa with widest spatial distribution and highest importance value in zooplankton community of Banggai Islands. Meanwhile Chaetoceros, Rhizosolenia and Thalassiothrix were the dominant genus with widest spatial distribution and highest importance value in phytoplankton community. The result of clustering analysis showed that there were three stations with unique plankton community, and was found very different from the planktonic community in other stations. It was interesting to note that bottom-up control by nutrient availabilty, and top-down control by predator-prey interaction, probably not the main factor responsible for the unique pattern of plankton community structure of Banggai Islands. Keywords: plankton community, Banggai islands waters, Bray-Curtis clustering analysis, biological indices.

scholarly journals ZOOPLANKTON SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN BANGGAI SEA

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arief Rachman ◽  
Elly Asniariati
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Zooplankton Abundance ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Specific Distribution

<p>Banggai Sea is an interesting ecosystem due to mixing influences from Banda Sea in the west and Maluccas Sea in the east. Therefore, a unique zooplankton community structure and specific distribution pattern should be found in this area. This research was carried on using Baruna Jaya VIII research vessel and samples were collected in 14 sampling stations. Vertical towing using NORPAC plankton net (300 μm) was conducted to collect zooplankton samples. Result showed that inner Mesamat Bay had the lowest abundance of zooplankton, probably due to low water quality resulted from anthropogenic activity. Meanwhile the strait between Liang and Labobo Island had the highest zooplankton abundance in Banggai Sea. Calanoids was the dominant zooplankton taxa in the ecosystem and contributing 55.7% of total density of zooplankton community. The highest importance value made this taxa to be very important factor that regulates the lower trophic level organisms. Results also showed that zooplankton was distributed nearly uniform in eastern but aggregated to several stations in western Banggai Sea. Zooplankton abundance was higher in the central of Banggai Sea, compared to western and eastern area. According to Bray-Curtis clustering analysis the strait between Liang and Labobo Island has unique zooplankton community structure. This might happened due to mixing of water from two highly productive seas that influenced the Banggai Sea ecosystem. From this research we conclude that this strait probably was the zooplankton hot spot area which might also indicate that this area also a hot spot of fishes in the Banggai Sea.</p><p>Keywords: spatial distribution, zooplankton, community structure, hot spot, Banggai</p>

scholarly journals ZOOPLANKTON SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN BANGGAI SEA

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arief Rachman ◽  
Elly Asniariati
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Zooplankton Abundance ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Specific Distribution

Banggai Sea is an interesting ecosystem due to mixing influences from Banda Sea in the west and Maluccas Sea in the east. Therefore, a unique zooplankton community structure and specific distribution pattern should be found in this area. This research was carried on using Baruna Jaya VIII research vessel and samples were collected in 14 sampling stations. Vertical towing using NORPAC plankton net (300 μm) was conducted to collect zooplankton samples. Result showed that inner Mesamat Bay had the lowest abundance of zooplankton, probably due to low water quality resulted from anthropogenic activity. Meanwhile the strait between Liang and Labobo Island had the highest zooplankton abundance in Banggai Sea. Calanoids was the dominant zooplankton taxa in the ecosystem and contributing 55.7% of total density of zooplankton community. The highest importance value made this taxa to be very important factor that regulates the lower trophic level organisms. Results also showed that zooplankton was distributed nearly uniform in eastern but aggregated to several stations in western Banggai Sea. Zooplankton abundance was higher in the central of Banggai Sea, compared to western and eastern area. According to Bray-Curtis clustering analysis the strait between Liang and Labobo Island has unique zooplankton community structure. This might happened due to mixing of water from two highly productive seas that influenced the Banggai Sea ecosystem. From this research we conclude that this strait probably was the zooplankton hot spot area which might also indicate that this area also a hot spot of fishes in the Banggai Sea.Keywords: spatial distribution, zooplankton, community structure, hot spot, Banggai

scholarly journals Role of jellyfish in the plankton ecosystem revealed using a global ocean biogeochemical model

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1291-1320
Author(s):  
Rebecca M. Wright ◽  
Corinne Le Quéré ◽  
Erik Buitenhuis ◽  
Sophie Pitois ◽  
Mark J. Gibbons
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Plankton Community ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Biogeochemical Model ◽  
Ocean Biogeochemical Model ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Plankton Community Structure

Abstract. Jellyfish are increasingly recognised as important components of the marine ecosystem, yet their specific role is poorly defined compared to that of other zooplankton groups. This paper presents the first global ocean biogeochemical model that includes an explicit representation of jellyfish and uses the model to gain insight into the influence of jellyfish on the plankton community. The Plankton Type Ocean Model (PlankTOM11) model groups organisms into plankton functional types (PFTs). The jellyfish PFT is parameterised here based on our synthesis of observations on jellyfish growth, grazing, respiration and mortality rates as functions of temperature and jellyfish biomass. The distribution of jellyfish is unique compared to that of other PFTs in the model. The jellyfish global biomass of 0.13 PgC is within the observational range and comparable to the biomass of other zooplankton and phytoplankton PFTs. The introduction of jellyfish in the model has a large direct influence on the crustacean macrozooplankton PFT and influences indirectly the rest of the plankton ecosystem through trophic cascades. The zooplankton community in PlankTOM11 is highly sensitive to the jellyfish mortality rate, with jellyfish increasingly dominating the zooplankton community as its mortality diminishes. Overall, the results suggest that jellyfish play an important role in regulating global marine plankton ecosystems across plankton community structure, spatio-temporal dynamics and biomass, which is a role that has been generally neglected so far.

scholarly journals Plankton Community Structure as Bioindicator Trophic Status of Jatigede Reservoir Waters

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Rosadi Rosadi ◽  
Muhammad Musa ◽  
Tri Djoko Lelono
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Trophic Status ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Plankton Community ◽  
Zooplankton Abundance ◽  
Phytoplankton Diversity ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
Plankton Community Structure

Jatigede Reservoir in Sumedang Regency is a land mass planning designed as a multi-function reservoir. The main water source for this reservoir is from Cimanuk River, which flows through Garut Regency, and has many industrial activities around the river flow. This research was conducted to assess the trophic status of water pollution in Jatigede Reservoir by utilizing plankton as a bioindicator agent. Samples were collected from 9 observation stations from November 2018 until January 2019. The results showed that 26 species of phytoplankton from 7 divisions including Dinophyta, Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, Chrysophyta, Euglenophyta, Bacillariophyta, and Charophyta was found in Jatigede Reservoir at about 461 ind/m3. Zooplankton abundance of 6 species from 2 divisions of Rotifera and Copepoda at 2 ind/m3. The average phytoplankton diversity index was 0.93 and zooplankton diversity index was 0.23. The average phytoplankton evenness index was 0.44 and zooplankton evenness index was 0.24. The average dominance of phytoplankton was 0.58 and dominance of zooplankton was 0.25. Based on the plankton community structure, the trophic status of Jatigede Reservoir was classified to moderate polluted (eutroph) to heavily pollutants (hypereutroph). The dominant species was Perinidium sp from Dinophyta division.

scholarly journals PLANKTON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE ON FISH PONDS IN THE RIAM KANAN RIVER OF BANJAR REGENCY

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Rieski Ambarwati ◽  
Krisdianto Krisdianto ◽  
Slamat Slamat
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Plankton Community ◽  
Free Ammonia ◽  
Fish Ponds ◽  
Inlet Channel ◽  
Freshwater Aquaculture ◽  
Plankton Community Structure

Aquaculture in Riam Kanan river receives watersupply from rivers and Riam Kanan reservoir from upstream to downstream and practices different irrigation and fertilization systems. This study was aimed to compare the plankton community structure, to find out the physicalchemical parameters associated with the abundance of plankton and the fertility of the fish-farming ponds. The research was conducted at Mandiangin Freshwater Aquaculture Center (Balai Budidaya Air Tawar – BBAT), Karang Intan (Balai Benih dan Induk Ikan Air Tawar – BB-IAT) and Cindai Alus Minapolitan area by using the observation method. Water samples were taken by composite of 6 replicates at 12 stations. The parameters measured were temperature, visibility, pH, iron, free ammonia, nitrate, phosphate, DO, BOD and plankton analysis. Data were tested statistically with cluster, Pearson correlation and regression. The result shows that there are differences in plankton community structure in the fish ponds, shown by 5 cluster groups. The abundance of phytoplankton has a significant correlation with pH, temperature, DO, and free ammonia. The abundance of zooplankton also has a significant correlation with pH, DO, BOD, and free ammonia. The seed pond at BBAT Mandiangin is eutrophically dominated by Bacillarophyta and Amoboezoa, while in BB-IAT Karang Intan and Cindai Alus are dominated by Cyanophyta and Rotifera. The inlet channel of BB-IAT Karang Intan and the broodstock pond belong to mesotrophic category, predominance by Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta and Rotifer. BBIAT Karang Intan outlet ponds, BBAT Mandiangin inlet channel and Cindai Alus inlet pond are included in the oligotrophic category, predominance by Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta. Plankton community structure of the fishfarming pond varies even with the same ecological conditions.

Plankton community responses to environmentally-relevant agrochemical mixtures

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana del Arco ◽  
Francisco Guerrero ◽  
Francisco Jiménez-Gómez ◽  
Gema Parra
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Copper Sulphate ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Plankton Community ◽  
Zooplankton Abundance ◽  
Aquatic Communities ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Legal Limits ◽  
Nutrient Enhancement ◽  
Interaction Treatment

Chemicals do not occur alone in the environment but most ecotoxicological assessments target the effect of single chemicals on aquatic communities and the establishment of legal limits is based on them. The present study assesses how plankton communities respond to single and mixture treatments of copper sulphate and ammonium nitrate where both agrochemical concentrations are below legal limits. Twenty-five microcosms were used to assess the effects of four treatments (n = 5): (1) low nitrate (L) of 25 mg L−1; (2) high nitrate (H) of 50 mg L−1; (3) copper treatment (CU) of 0.04 mg L−1 of copper; and (4) interaction treatment (I) of 50 mg L−1 of nitrate applied together with 0.04 mg L−1 of copper, and the controls (C). Plankton abundance, phytoplankton biovolume and zooplankton community structure (changes in the diversity and richness) were used as structural endpoints, and oxygen production and litter decomposition as functional indicators. Overall, results show no effect on the plankton community exposed to agrochemical under legal limits in single neither in mixture treatments. Only by the end of the experiment, total zooplankton abundance shows differences between interaction treatment (I) and the rest of the treatments and controls. Concretely, the interaction treatment suggests how a nutrient enhancement from ammonium nitrate addition may counterbalance the toxic effect of copper sulphate on zooplankton, most likely as a result of higher phytoplankton availability that positively influences zooplankter survival. Both drastic and subtle effects on communities are relevant for disentangling how chemicals interact under European current legal limits.

scholarly journals POTENTIAL ROLES OF BIOTIC FACTORS IN REGULATING ZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITY DYNAMICS IN JAKARTA BAY SHALLOW WATER COASTAL ECOSYSTEM

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arief Rachman ◽  
Nurul Fitriya
Keyword(s):  
Food Availability ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Phytoplankton Bloom ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
High Abundance ◽  
Zooplankton Abundance ◽  
Biotic Factors ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Prey Interaction

<p>The dynamics in zooplankton abundance were regulated by changes in water physical-chemical parameters and interaction with biotic factors. In this research we examined the relationship between zooplankton community dynamic and important biotic factors, such as predation and food availability, in Jakarta bay. Plankton samplings were done in 10 sampling stations in Jakarta bay, from July to November 2009. Zooplankton samples were collected using horizontal towing method with NORPAC plankton net (mesh size 300 μm). Salinity, water depth, water temperature, and water transparency were measured. Phytoplankton samples were also collected with the same method as zooplankton, using Kitahara plankton net (mesh size 80 μm). Zooplankton taxas were grouped into two groups, the prey and predatory zooplankton. The results showed that there were two different patterns in zooplankton groups dynamic i.e., the single and double peak. The abundance peak in most zooplankton groups, such as copepods, cirripeds, luciferids, and tunicates, were induced by the high food availability during the phytoplankton bloom in August. The high abundance of prey zooplankton groups in August was responded by the predatory zooplankton groups, resulting in high abundance of predatory zooplankton in adjacent month. The high abundance of ctenophores and chordates (fish larvae) were suggested as the main factor for the low abundance of other zooplankton in September. Physical and chemical factors were not the regulating factors due to the stability of those factors during this research period. Thus we concluded that food availability and predator-prey interaction were the main factors which regulate zooplankton community dynamics in Jakarta bay.</p><p>Keywords: predator-prey interaction, zooplankton, abundance peak, food availability, phytoplankton bloom</p>

scholarly journals POTENTIAL ROLES OF BIOTIC FACTORS IN REGULATING ZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITY DYNAMICS IN JAKARTA BAY SHALLOW WATER COASTAL ECOSYSTEM

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arief Rachman ◽  
Nurul Fitriya
Keyword(s):  
Food Availability ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Phytoplankton Bloom ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
High Abundance ◽  
Zooplankton Abundance ◽  
Biotic Factors ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Prey Interaction

The dynamics in zooplankton abundance were regulated by changes in water physical-chemical parameters and interaction with biotic factors. In this research we examined the relationship between zooplankton community dynamic and important biotic factors, such as predation and food availability, in Jakarta bay. Plankton samplings were done in 10 sampling stations in Jakarta bay, from July to November 2009. Zooplankton samples were collected using horizontal towing method with NORPAC plankton net (mesh size 300 μm). Salinity, water depth, water temperature, and water transparency were measured. Phytoplankton samples were also collected with the same method as zooplankton, using Kitahara plankton net (mesh size 80 μm). Zooplankton taxas were grouped into two groups, the prey and predatory zooplankton. The results showed that there were two different patterns in zooplankton groups dynamic i.e., the single and double peak. The abundance peak in most zooplankton groups, such as copepods, cirripeds, luciferids, and tunicates, were induced by the high food availability during the phytoplankton bloom in August. The high abundance of prey zooplankton groups in August was responded by the predatory zooplankton groups, resulting in high abundance of predatory zooplankton in adjacent month. The high abundance of ctenophores and chordates (fish larvae) were suggested as the main factor for the low abundance of other zooplankton in September. Physical and chemical factors were not the regulating factors due to the stability of those factors during this research period. Thus we concluded that food availability and predator-prey interaction were the main factors which regulate zooplankton community dynamics in Jakarta bay.Keywords: predator-prey interaction, zooplankton, abundance peak, food availability, phytoplankton bloom

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