The Potency of UB Forest Chitinolytic Bacteria to Promote Plant Growth and Inhibit Damping off Disease on Soybean

Damping off disease in soybean plants is caused by the fungal Rhizoctonia solani. The damping off disease causes a yield loss of up to 85-100%. The purpose of this study was determining the ability chitinolytic bacteria consortium of UB Forest's in suppressing damping off disease in vitro and in vivo as well as its potential to stimulate the growth of soybean plants. The research stages included isolation of the pathogenic fungus R. solani and the pathogenicity test. Rejuvenation chitinolytic bacterial isolates of UB Forest, test chitinolytic bacteria antagonist of UB Forest against R. solani fungus, test of Plant Growth Promoting (PGP) activities, synergy test of selected chitinolytic bacterial isolates, in vitro test for the inhibition of chitinase crude extract against R. solani, and inhibition test of chitinolytic bacteria consortium against damping off disease. The selected chitinolytic bacteria were code bacteria UB12, UB19, and UB52 with plant growth promoting activities with inhibition percentage of the pathogen R. solani of 73.9%, 67.4%, and 71.7%. The best chitinolytic bacterial isolates were the genus Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. The inhibition test of chitinase crude extract showed an inhibition percentage of 25-55%.

Potential Analysis of Lemna sp. Extract as Immunostimulant to Increase Non-Specific Immune Response of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) against Aeromonas hydrophila

Lemna sp. is known to have several bioactive compounds and polysaccharide macromolecules that can function as immunomodulators to affect non-specific immune responses to increase the body's resistance to pathogens. This study aims to determine the potential of catfish eye extract as an immunostimulant by observing non-specific tilapia immune parameters. The extraction method used was 96% ethanol maceration for 2 days with a ratio of 1: 4. The experimental design used a Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments (doses 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 mg/kg, control + and control -) and 3 replications. The non-specific parameters of immunity observed included total plasma protein (Bradford method), superoxide dismutase and lysozyme activity. The data obtained will be analyzed using ANOVA, if there is a significant difference, it will be further tested with Duncan Multiple. Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that the highest total plasma protein was found in treatment C (giving an extract of 0.3 mg/kg body weight) with an average total plasma protein after 12 days of maintenance of 4.99 g / dL. The extract dose of 0.3 mg/body weight showed a rapid decrease in SOD and increase Lysozyme activity.

The Biological Aspects Comparison of Nila Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) on the Eutrophic and Oligotrophic Reservoir from Indonesia

Comparison of the length, weight and condition factor of Nila Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was studied on oligotrophic waters (Wonorejo Reservoir) conducted from July to August 2018 and eutrophic waters (Selorejo Reservoir) on February to March 2019. All of the reservoir are in the East Java, Indonesia. The total sample from Wonorejo Reservoir about 79 fish from 3 times sampling (every two weeks), but the fish Sample from Selorejo Reservoir are 35 from 4 times sampling every week. The Nila Tilapia from Wonorejo Reservoir are 15.3 ± 2.5 cm (length) and 74.6 ± 38.6 grams (weight) but fish from Selorejo are 17.8 ± 2.2 cm average length and 114 ± 35 grams for the weight. The condition factor of Nila Tilapia in both reservoirs was relatively the same, with an average value was 1.01. The Nila Tilapia caught from Selorejo Reservoir (eutrophic) is relatively heavier and bigger than in the Wonorejo Reservoir (oligotrophic) even though the hook size is smaller. Fish from the Selorejo Reservoir (eutrophic) is easier to get food so that the average fish is larger.

Effect of Prenatal Yoga on Duration of the First Stage of Labor and Perineal Rupture in Primigravida Mothers

In primigravidas, the first stage of labor has a longer duration than multiparous. The first stage of labor in primiparous is around 13-14 hours, while in multiparous it is about 7 hours. Prolonged labor is one of the causes of maternal death. Yoga in pregnancy can maintain elasticity and strength of the ligaments of the pelvis, hips, and leg muscles, so that it can reduce pain during labor and provide space for the birth canal. The comparative analytical research method used pre-experimental design with the one shot case study design. With a sample of 26 trimesters III primigravida pregnant women who were divided into 2 groups, namely n = 13 groups who did prenatal yoga, and n = 13 groups who did not do prenatal yoga. The analysis of this research was univariate and bivariate using the Mann Whitney test. Assessment is carried out during the delivery process. As a result, the intervention and control groups with active phase I labor duration obtained p = 0.000, and perineal rupture p = 0.000. There was a significant difference in the length of the first stage of labor and perineal rupture between the yoga group and the non-yoga group. Prenatal yoga affects the duration of the first stage of labor and perineal rupture.

Optimized Expression Condition of CIDRα-PfEMP1 Recombinant Protein Production in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3): A Step to Develop Malaria Vaccine Candidate

Malaria is still an essential epidemiological disease worldwide, including in Indonesia. Several approaches are performed to control the disease, as well as vaccine development. The Cysteine-rich interdomain region α of Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (CIDRα-PfEMP1) is a pivotal domain in the malaria pathogenesis make it a malaria vaccine candidate. The development of the malaria vaccine is performed using recombinant technology. Recombinant protein production is an important step. The study aimed to determine the optimized condition for CIDRα-PfEMP1 recombinant protein expression in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) expression system. Serial IPTG concentrations from 0.05, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 mM and two different incubation periods of 4 h and 8 h were optimized. The recombinant protein expression was visualized in SDS-PAGE, measured using the Bradford protein assay, and calculated using software Image J. SDS-PAGE visualization showed a 27 kDa band expressed CIDRα-PfEMP1 recombinant protein. The optimized condition for CIDRα-PfEMP1 recombinant protein expression was at 0.03 mM IPTG concentration and 8 h incubation period.

Potential the Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) in Feed Formulation for Growth of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

The utilization of maggot as larvae from black soldier fly is an alternative substitution of fish meal as the primary protein source in fish feed. Maggot is cultivated in 3 different cultivation, the medium used is organic waste, tofu waste, and wheat pollard. The method that used in this research is Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 3 replication. This study aims to determine the effect of various types of maggot growth media, 1) with maggot biomass parameters, containers, and growing media conditions maggot, 2) then, exact proximate composition, total amino acids content of the prepupae samples were determined. Based on the results of the analysis, each dose of treatment (media) has an influence on the different maggot biomass. The best media treatment results are pollard flour. The proximate analysis showed that BSF larvae had a protein content of 50,88% and also fat content of 15%.

Effect of Self-Directed Videos and Simulations on Nurse Skills in Advanced Cardiac Life Support: Comparison Study

Cardiac arrest is one of the highest causes of death in the world. This condition requires the handling of cardiac arrest based on the chain of survival concept. The chain of survival concept is carried out by nurses who have sufficient skills to handle cardiac arrest. Skills can be obtained either through education and training based on simulation or using technology such as self-directed videos. The purpose of this study was to identify the differences in self-direct video and simulations of nurse skills in advanced cardiac life support. This study used Quasi-Experimental Design by pretest-posttest with a control group approach. The 42 respondents were divided into two groups. Skills are measured before and after learning with each method. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon and Mann-whitney tests. The results showed changes in skills before and after learning in the two methods, with each p-value = 0.000. There were no differences in skills changes before and after learning in both groups with a p-value = 0.437. Learning using self-directed videos and simulations can improve nurse skills in carrying out advanced cardiac life support.

Correlation Analysis of Knowledge and Education Against the Implementation of Basic Life Support (BHD) in Patients of Cardiac Arrest by Nurses in Emergency Installation and ICU of General Hospital of Dr. Soedarso Pontianak

Cardiac arrest is a condition where the heart stopped abruptly, and this condition usually occurs in someone who has had heart disease or has never experienced it. In terms of clinical, someone who is experiencing a state of cardiac arrest found no signs of a palpable pulse and other signs of circulation. Efforts in terms of handling cases of the cardiac arrest itself need the role of nurse, one cardiac arrest treatment efforts by nurses are implementing Basic Life Support. The factors that affect the implementation of BHD itself is knowledge and education. The purpose of this research is analizing the correlation between knowledge and education on the implementation of BHD in cardiac arrest patients by nurses in the Emergency Installation and ICU of the General Hospital of Dr. Soedarso Pontianak. This study uses a cross-sectional approach with descriptive corelational type. The population in this study are 56 nurses. Sampling technique using total sampling. The result of this study, based on two variables: the knowledge and education have the same p-value that is p=0.000 or α <0.05. It means that there is a correlation between knowledge and education on the implementation of BHD in patients with cardiac arrest in General Hospital of Dr. Soedarso Pontianak.

The Role of Zinc Supplementation in The Lung Tissue Damage of Tuberculosis Rats

Infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a chronic contagious disease with a high mortality rate in various parts of the world, especially in developing countries with high poverty rates. The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of zinc supplementation on the lung tissue damage of the male tuberculosis rats. This study was conducted based on true experimental design, using a post-test control group design. Peribronchiolitis was found to have a higher rank in (K0, K1, K2) groups compared to the Mtb group treated with the addition of Zinc supplements (P1, P2, P3). Zinc supplementation in this study shows that there is a reduction in lung organ damage and having a positive impact on increasing the perivasculitis and granuloma. Zinc supplementation by its optimal dose of 50 mg/kg.bb/day given as additional nutrition in Mtb rats.

Phenomenology Study : Family Experience in Elderly Care In Depok Jawa Barat

The family has an important role in elderly care at home, where the majority of assistance and long-term care for the elderly is provided by the family. The nurse is responsible for assisting the family in caring for the elderly, so that in the end the family is able to provide elderly care independently at home. This study aims to explore family experiences in caring for the elderly at home. Researchers used qualitative research methods with a phenomenological approach. Data obtained through semi-structured interviews with 6 (six) participants. The research produced 5 themes: care for the elderly is a form of devotion to parents, care for the elderly requires physical and mental readiness, care for the elderly requires knowledge related to the elderly and how to care for the elderly, care for the elderly requires support from extended families, and feel the importance of supporting cadres and health workers. For conclusion, elderly families have a responsibility to meet the needs of the elderly, so that efforts are needed to improve the knowledge and skills of the family in order to properly care for and meet the needs of the elderly.