scholarly journals Communication and Cooperation: Technology Transfer on Australian Family Cotton Farms

10.28945/2820 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale Gartshore
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Diffusion Theory ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Structuration Theory ◽  
Cotton Industry ◽  
Industry Research ◽  
Australian Family ◽  
Level Analysis

This paper presents findings of a recent study which explores rural women’s use of an agricultural decision support system, CottonLOGIC, within the Australian cotton industry. Meta-analysis is applied through the theoretical framework of structuration theory while diffusion theory is used for lower level analysis. The concept of communication is applicable to both theories. The significance of CottonLOGIC as a communication medium for technology transfer of industry research to cotton farms is evaluated in this paper. The findings suggest that CottonLOGIC is a recognised means of information exchange but even more valuable is the cooperation of stakeholders to influence effective reconstruction of farm management practices and technology usage.

scholarly journals "We Work as a Team Really": Gender Homophily in the Australian Cotton Industry

10.28945/2849 ◽  
2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale Mackrell
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Diffusion Theory ◽  
Structuration Theory ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations Theory ◽  
Cotton Industry ◽  
Software Adoption

This paper is based on an ongoing study that looks at farm management practices by Australian women cotton growers using farm management software, most particularly an agricultural decision support system, CottonLOGIC. The study is informed through a theoretical framework of structuration theory as a metatheory for probing the recursiveness of farm management and technology usage, and diffusion of innovations theory as a lower-level theory for analysing software adoption characteristics. Empirical research indicates that effective information exchange flows from homophilous communication. In this paper, the principles of homophily and heterophily in communication networks were initially drawn from diffusion theory. The findings suggest that despite apparent gender disparities, the presence of empathy and shared goals between farming partners overrides ‘gender heterophily’ to become gender homophily. Therefore cotton growers are informed of scientific research through homophilous communication, influencing the construction and reconstruction of innovative software usage and existing farm management practices.

scholarly journals An Understanding of the Global Status of Major Bacterial Pathogens of Milk Concerning Bovine Mastitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Scientometrics)

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 545
Author(s):  
Paramanandham Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Kuralayanapalya P. Suresh ◽  
Kavitha S. Jayamma ◽  
Bibek R. Shome ◽  
Sharanagouda S. Patil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
Pathogen Prevalence

In this study, the major mastitis pathogen prevalence in the cattle and buffalo of the world was estimated by a meta-analysis. Staphylococcus (S) species, Streptococcus (St) species, and Escherichia coli (Ec) prevalence studies reported during 1979–2019 were collected using online databases, and offline resources. A meta-analysis of these data was done with the meta package in R-Software. The Staphylococcus aureus was the major mastitis pathogen, mostly causing subclinical mastitis, Ec causing clinical mastitis and St causing subclinical and clinical mastitis. The pooled prevalence estimates of S, St, and Ec were 28%, 12%, and 11% in the world from 156, 129, and 92 studies, respectively. The S, St, and Ec prevalences were high in Latin America (51%), Oceania (25%), and Oceania (28%), respectively. Higher S, St, and Ec prevalences were observed by molecular methods, signifying high sensitivity and usefulness for future studies. Among bacterial species, S. aureus (25%) followed by coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species (20%), Escherichia coli (11%), St. agalactiae (9%), St. uberis (9%) were the important pathogens present in the milk of the world. We hypothesize that there is a urgent need to reduce mastitis pathogen prevalence by ensuring scientific farm management practices, proper feeding, therapeutic interventions to augment profits in dairying, and improving animal and human health.

A meta-analysis of the effects of land management practices and land uses on soil loss in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 322 ◽  
pp. 107635
Author(s):  
Gizaw Desta ◽  
Wuletawu Abera ◽  
Lulseged Tamene ◽  
Tilahun Amede
Keyword(s):  
Land Management ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Land Uses

Technology Transfer in Solid Waste Management Practices: Mapping the Techniques and Strategies Implemented

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-361
Author(s):  
Alana Corsi ◽  
Cristiano Couto do Amarante ◽  
Regina Negri Pagani ◽  
Claudia Picinin ◽  
João Luiz Kovaleski
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Waste Management Practices ◽  
Recurrent Theme

Solid waste management has become of increasing interest, and it is a recurrent theme on literature. This study aimed to depict the current scenario regarding the theme and to identify solid waste management practices in developed and developing countries, searching for mechanisms and techniques of technology transfer which contribute to sustainable development. To reach this purpose, a systematic review of literature was done. Using the methodology Methodi Ordinatio, the portfolio of articles was built. Research results show that technology transfer is a strategy that can assist in the management of solid waste, contributing to sustainable development, if some specific actions are respected. In addition, different sustainable techniques and strategies were identified. However, economic aspects relating to the application and transfer of technologies to the management of solid waste practices were not identified in the extant literature, a topic to be explored by new scientific researches.

Information Technology Transfer in Econometric Forecasting: A Pictorial Approach

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
P. Pete Chong ◽  
Ye-Sho Chen ◽  
James M. Pruett
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Task Management ◽  
System Maintenance ◽  
Concise Information ◽  
Entity Relationship ◽  
Entity Relationship Diagrams

Successful information technology transfer requires effective communication and clear, concise information exchange. This paper, using the Louisiana econometric model as a case study, proposes a pictorial approach to present and manage complex factors essential to information technology transfer. The approach utilizes multi-layer entity-relationship diagrams to provide a meaningful framework for the entire forecasting process, provide clarity to ensure better model maintenance when changes in social/economic structures require reformulations, and provide a procedural and data dictionary for clear documentation. The pictorial approach is both intuitive and readable, capable of serving as a task management tool, a model implementation aid, and a system maintenance resource.

scholarly journals Emission factors for estimating fertiliser-induced nitrous oxide emissions from clay soils in Australia’s irrigated cotton industry

Soil Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Grace ◽  
Iurii Shcherbak ◽  
Ben Macdonald ◽  
Clemens Scheer ◽  
David Rowlings
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Tier 2 ◽  
Cotton Industry ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Inventories ◽  
N Rates

As a significant user of nitrogen (N) fertilisers, the Australian cotton industry is a major source of soil-derived nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. A country-specific (Tier 2) fertiliser-induced emission factor (EF) can be used in national greenhouse gas inventories or in the development of N2O emissions offset methodologies provided the EFs are evidence based. A meta-analysis was performed using eight individual N2O emission studies from Australian cotton studies to estimate EFs. Annual N2O emissions from cotton grown on Vertosols ranged from 0.59kgNha–1 in a 0N control to 1.94kgNha–1 in a treatment receiving 270kgNha–1. Seasonal N2O estimates ranged from 0.51kgNha–1 in a 0N control to 10.64kgNha–1 in response to the addition of 320kgNha–1. A two-component (linear+exponential) statistical model, namely EF (%)=0.29+0.007(e0.037N – 1)/N, capped at 300kgNha–1 describes the N2O emissions from lower N rates better than an exponential model and aligns with an EF of 0.55% using a traditional linear regression model.

scholarly journals Management of Antarctic Specially Protected Areas: permitting, visitation and information exchange practices

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.R. Pertierra ◽  
K.A. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Full Disclosure ◽  
Environmental Management Practices ◽  
Previous Season ◽  
Antarctic Treaty ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Specially Protected Areas

AbstractAntarctic Specially Protected Areas (ASPAs) represent the highest level of area protection within the Antarctic Treaty area. To reduce environmental impacts, ASPA visitors must comply with the Area's management plan and receive an entry permit from an appropriate national authority. Parties to the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty are obliged to exchange information on: i) the number of permits allocated for the forthcoming season, and ii) the number of visits to ASPAs during the previous season. We assessed the effectiveness of current permitting and information exchange practices by examining ASPA visitation data supplied to the Antarctic Treaty System's Electronic Information Exchange System during 2008/09–2010/11. We found that Parties have interpreted and implemented the protected area legislation inconsistently. Furthermore, some Parties did not fulfil their obligations under the Protocol by failing to provide full information on ASPA visitation. Estimations suggested that the level of ASPA visitation varied with ASPA location and the main value being protected. However, without full disclosure by Parties, ASPA visitation data is of limited use for informing general and ASPA-specific environmental management practices. Improved provision and formal interpretation of ASPA visitation data are recommended to enable more co-ordinated and effective management of activities within ASPAs.

scholarly journals Tillage Intensity Effects on Soil Structure Indicators—A US Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 2071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcio R. Nunes ◽  
Douglas L. Karlen ◽  
Thomas B. Moorman
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Soil Penetration Resistance ◽  
Wet Aggregate Stability

Tillage intensity affects soil structure in many ways but the magnitude and type (+/−) of change depends on site-specific (e.g., soil type) and experimental details (crop rotation, study length, sampling depth, etc.). This meta-analysis examines published effects of chisel plowing (CP), no-tillage (NT) and perennial cropping systems (PER) relative to moldboard plowing (MP) on three soil structure indicators: wet aggregate stability (AS), bulk density (BD) and soil penetration resistance (PR). The data represents four depth increments (from 0 to >40-cm) in 295 studies from throughout the continental U.S. Overall, converting from MP to CP did not affect those soil structure indicators but reducing tillage intensity from MP to NT increased AS in the surface (<15-cm) and slightly decreased BD and PR below 25-cm. The largest positive effect of NT on AS was observed within Inceptisols and Entisols after a minimum of three years. Compared to MP, NT had a minimal effect on soil compaction indicators (BD and PR) but as expected, converting from MP to PER systems improved soil structure at all soil depths (0 to >40-cm). Among those three soil structure indicators, AS was the most sensitive to management practices; thus, it should be used as a physical indicator for overall soil health assessment. In addition, based on this national meta-analysis, we conclude that reducing tillage intensity improves soil structure, thus offering producers assurance those practices are feasible for crop production and that they will also help sustain soil resources.

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