scholarly journals Estimating the First-year Corrosion Losses of Structural Metals for Continental Regions of the World

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1503-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. M. Panchenko ◽  
A. I. Marshakov ◽  
L. A. Nikolaeva ◽  
T. N. Igonin
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
First Year ◽  
Response Functions ◽  
The World ◽  
Structural Metals ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
First Time ◽  
Statistical Indicators

The knowledge of the first-year corrosion losses of metals (K1) in various regions of the world is of great importance in engineering applications. The K1 values are used to determine the categories of atmospheric corrosivity, and K1 is also the main parameter in models for the prediction of long-term corrosion losses of metals. In the absence of experimental values of K1, their values can be predicted on the basis of meteorological and aerochemical parameters of the atmosphere using the dose-response functions (DRF). Currently, the DRFs presented in ISO 9223:2012(E) /1/ standard are used for predicting K1 in any region of the world, along with the unified DRFs /2/ and the new DRFs /3/. The predicted values of corrosion losses (K1pr) of carbon steel, zinc, copper and aluminum obtained by various DRFs for various continental regions of the world are presented. In this work we used the atmosphere corrosivity parameters and experimental data on the corrosion losses of metals for the first year of exposure (K1exp) for the locations of the tests performed under the international UN/ECE program, the MICAT project, and the Russian program. For the first time, a comparative assessment of the reliability of various DRFs is given by comparing the values of K1pr and K1ex using graphical and statistical methods. The statistical indicators of reliability of predicting the corrosion losses of metals are calculated for various categories of atmosphere corrosivity. It is shown that the new dose-response functions offer the highest reliability for all categories of atmosphere corrosivity.

Engineering for good: A case of community driven engineering innovation

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinweike Eseonu ◽  
Martin A Cortes
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Students ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
First Year ◽  
Engineering Curriculum ◽  
Engineering Design Process ◽  
The World ◽  
The University ◽  
Social Consideration

There is a culture of disengagement from social consideration in engineering disciplines. This means that first year engineering students, who arrive planning to change the world through engineering, lose this passion as they progress through the engineering curriculum. The community driven technology innovation and investment program described in this paper is an attempt to reverse this trend by fusing community engagement with the normal engineering design process. This approach differs from existing project or trip based approaches – outreach – because the focus is on local communities with which the university team forms a long-term partnership through weekly in-person meetings and community driven problem statements – engagement.

scholarly journals COMPLEXITY-BASED ANALYSIS OF THE ALTERATIONS IN THE STRUCTURE OF CORONAVIRUSES

Fractals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (02) ◽  
pp. 2150123
Author(s):  
HAMIDREZA NAMAZI ◽  
ALI SELAMAT ◽  
ONDREJ KREJCAR
Keyword(s):  
Hurst Exponent ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Approximate Entropy ◽  
Sample Entropy ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

The coronavirus has influenced the lives of many people since its identification in 1960. In general, there are seven types of coronavirus. Although some types of this virus, including 229E, NL63, OC43, and HKU1, cause mild to moderate illness, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 have shown to have severer effects on the human body. Specifically, the recent known type of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has affected the lives of many people around the world since late 2019 with the disease named COVID-19. In this paper, for the first time, we investigated the variations among the complex structures of coronaviruses. We employed the fractal dimension, approximate entropy, and sample entropy as the measures of complexity. Based on the obtained results, SARS-CoV-2 has a significantly different complex structure than SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. To study the high mutation rate of SARS-CoV-2, we also analyzed the long-term memory of genome walks for different coronaviruses using the Hurst exponent. The results demonstrated that the SARS-CoV-2 shows the lowest memory in its genome walk, explaining the errors in copying the sequences along the genome that results in the virus mutation.

A First-Time Leader in the Time of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 409-422
Author(s):  
Joshua Mims
Keyword(s):  
Historically Black ◽  
White Male ◽  
Academic Program ◽  
Black College ◽  
First Year ◽  
Historically Black College ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

In this case study, a faculty member at a Historically Black College/University (HBCU) shares their story of working as a white male in an all-Black college from first hire, to leaving, to returning in order to lead their former academic program. During their first year of leadership the author faced personal tragedy, professional promotion, strained relationships with colleagues, and finally, a global pandemic that changed the world. For those interested in the experiences of a first-time leader, this is a unique case study.

The Demographic Transition Theory of War: Why Young Societies Are Conflict Prone and Old Societies Are the Most Peaceful

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Jordan Brooks ◽  
Stephen G. Brooks ◽  
Brian D. Greenhill ◽  
Mark L. Haas
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Demographic Transitions ◽  
The Road ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The World ◽  
Theory Of War ◽  
First Time

The world is experiencing a period of unprecedented demographic change. For the first time in human history, marked disparities in age structures exist across the globe. Around 40 percent of the world's population lives in countries with significant numbers of elderly citizens. In contrast, the majority of the world's people live in developing countries with very large numbers of young people as a proportion of the total population. Yet, demographically, most of the world's states with young populations are aging, and many are doing so quickly. This first-of-its kind systematic theoretical and empirical examination of how these demographic transitions influence the likelihood of interstate conflict shows that countries with a large number of young people as a proportion of the total population are the most prone to international conflict, whereas states with the oldest populations are the most peaceful. Although societal aging is likely to serve as a force for enhanced stability in most, and perhaps all, regions of the world over the long term, the road to a “demographic peace” is likely to be bumpy in many parts of the world in the short to medium term.

Students as Textbook Authors

1994 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
Fanny Sosenke
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
First Year ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
Algebra Students ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Added Benefit ◽  
Problem Solving Strategies ◽  
First Time

Writing in mathematics has already been recognized as a very meaningful learning activity. Johnson (1983) suggests that if students can write clearly about mathematical concepts, then they probably understand them. In my classes, I frequently give students opportunities to write. Students write about their problem-solving strategies and about their understanding of new concepts; they also try their hand at writing word problems. Last year, my eighth-grade first-year-algebra students worked in groups writing a chapter on factoring polynomials for an algebra textbook. This was the first time I had used writing as an integral part of a long-term assignment. The two-week project described in this article was designed as a response to the students' need for new learning experiences and my need for new assessment tools. As an added benefit, the activity proved to be an excellent way for students to review material in a way that made them think in fresh terms.

Foreign Demand, Investment And Trade Balance: The Case Of Australia

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Francois Hoarau ◽  
Alain Nurbel ◽  
Nelson Latchimy
Keyword(s):  
Trade Balance ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Foreign Demand ◽  
J Curve ◽  
The World ◽  
Curve Effect ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

This paper aims at analysing the relation between real trade balance and foreign demand in the case of a small opened economy, which highly depends upon the rest of the world for productive capital. Theoretical analysis allows us to bring forth a kind of “J-curve” effect. Indeed, when foreign demand for domestic goods increases, the country is to import in a first time in order to improve its productive capacities, resulting in worsening trade balance. However, in a second time, once the cumulated capital inventory became sufficient, the trade balance improves under the pressure of domestic exports high growth. The empirical analysis based on Australia from 1982 (1) to 2001 (1) supports this theory. We show there are negative short term and positive long term elasticities.

scholarly journals Defined aspects of the development of Ukrainian pop song within the postcolonial period of the late XX – early XXI century

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Oronovsky ◽  
Ganna Tsap ◽  
Larysa Oronovska
Keyword(s):  
World Music ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Music Culture ◽  
Musical Culture ◽  
The World ◽  
Flexible Mechanism ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ukrainian Society

The purpose of the article. To consider and analyze some aspects of the development of modern Ukrainian pop songs in the postcolonial period of the late XX - early XXI century. The methodology involves the use of a systematic approach to research, as well as the use of methods of analysis, synthesis, historical and comparative, which allowed analyzing the development of Ukrainian pop songs in the Soviet system and after independence when it was in the field of Russian influence. which is the glow of long-term colonial status. The scientific novelty is that for the first time the development of Ukrainian pop songs was considered not only in the context of art analysis but also the research of postcolonialism, which generally affected the development of Ukrainian culture of XX - early XXI century. Conclusions. Changes in music culture are evidence of the adaptation of the flexible mechanism of music creation to new operating conditions. And although it is difficult to predict further social changes and their impact on the formation of musical culture not only in Ukrainian society but also in the world, the main trends have already been outlined. They consist of a certain unification of musical and stylistic standards, which will eliminate the differences between performers of popular musical compositions around the world. Accordingly, globalization dictates fashion in the field of music culture. In general, at the beginning of the third millennium, Ukrainian pop song culture entered the context of European and world cultural processes and became the property of world music culture, and its brightest representatives occupy a worthy place among world masters. Keywords: pop, pop song, postcolonial influences, national self-identification.

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