NEW RELIGIOUS ANTHROPOLOGY AND TRANSFORMATION OF SCIENCE IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-39
Author(s):  
Vladislav S. Razdyakonov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Scientific Concepts ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Human Capacity ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Impact

New religious anthropology is defined as an aggregate of doctrines and practices that postulated the existence of a particular arrangement of the human being, distinctive from what was recognized as consistent with the scientific approach of the latter half of the 19th century, as well as the human capacity to acquire superhuman powers. The article is focused on the impact of scientific concepts and ideas on the doctrines of new religious anthropology. It reveals that the key role in the formation of new religious anthropology was played by the processes that determined the development of science, such as institutionalization, specialization and mediatization of scientific knowledge. The article suggests a heuristic typology of new religious anthropology, distinguishing Christian, Scientific, Orientalist and Occult types. New religious anthropology is viewed as a means of overcoming the conflict between the science and the religion that was typical for the discourse of the latter half of the 19th century.

Where is disciplinarity going? Meeting on the borderland

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 582-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Marcovich ◽  
Terry Shinn
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Cognitive Structures ◽  
Spawning Ground ◽  
University System ◽  
The 19Th Century

This article analyzes the cognitive structures and dynamics of a form of scientific discipline that differs importantly both from the disciplinary format of the 19th-century university system, and from the profile proposed by much postmodern interdisciplinary (anti-disciplinary) discussion. This recent form of discipline, here termed the ‘new disciplinarity’, is a product of the increasing complexity of scientific knowledge and activity. The approach privileges cognition. It emphasizes the concepts of disciplinary referent, robust boundaries, ‘borderland’, combinatorials and projects. It suggests that the new disciplinarity is highly elastic and that it is a spawning-ground for new disciplines.

scholarly journals Map of Impact of Natural Hazards

2016 ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Maria BOSTENARU DAN ◽  
◽  
Cristina Olga Gociman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
German Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Photographs ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigates the mapping of the impact of natural hazards as included in several databases reviewed or created by the author. These are: - The database of the contribution of the session series “Natural hazards’ impact on urban areas and infrastructure”, convened and co-convened by the first author over 15 years at the European Geosciences General Assembly. - A database created from reviews of students supervised by the authors in frame of the course “Protection of settlements against risks” at the home university. - A collection of historical photographs from the 19th century on different natural and man-made hazards from the Canadian Centre for Architecture, the archive review of which has been performed by the first author and which will be subject of a book to be published about the time of the conference. -Two reviewed collections, one from the exhibition and book on “Images of disasters” (German research) and one on the book “Illustrated history of natural disasters” which include major disasters from the beginning of the mankind. In frame of the paper maps of the spread of data will be presented, created using both arcGIS online and GoogleMaps (see https://www.google.com/maps/d/edit?mid=zpbbz3WgVMBs.k-3vhGj- -l1M&usp=sharing), comparing the source and the type of hazard, to see eventual overlappings between the databases.

The Origins of Engineering Design

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Dimarogonas
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Design Activity ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Modern Engineering ◽  
Hellenistic World ◽  
Systematic Development ◽  
The 19Th Century

Abstract Engineering is distinguished from craft or invention by systematic development and use of intelligence and scientific knowledge. Elements of engineering design can be found in the great Potamic civilizations but systematic engineering design activity started in the ancient Greek and Hellenistic world and matured under the Romans. The renaissance and the industrial revolution revived Engineering and modern engineering design was eventually defined during the 19th Century.

Losing the Thread

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Powell
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
American Civil War ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cotton Trade

Losing the Thread is the first full-length study of the effect of the American Civil War on Britain’s raw cotton trade and on the Liverpool cotton market. It details the worst crisis in the British cotton trade in the 19th century. Before the civil war, America supplied 80 per cent of Britain’s cotton. In August 1861, this fell to almost zero, where it remained for four years. Despite increased supplies from elsewhere, Britain’s largest industry received only 36 per cent of the raw material it needed from 1862 to 1864. This book establishes the facts of Britain’s raw cotton supply during the war: how much there was of it, in absolute terms and in relation to the demand, where it came from and why, how much it cost, and what effect the reduced supply had on Britain’s cotton manufacture. It includes an enquiry into the causes of the Lancashire cotton famine, which contradicts the historical consensus on the subject. Examining the impact of the civil war on Liverpool and its cotton market, the book disputes the historic portrayal of Liverpool as a solidly pro-Confederate town. It also demonstrates how reckless speculation infested and distorted the raw cotton market, and lays bare the shadowy world of the Liverpool cotton brokers, who profited hugely from the war while the rest of Lancashire starved.

Scientific Studies of Dreams and Dreaming in the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgia Morgese
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Psychological Study ◽  
The 19Th Century

In the second half of the 19th century, the study of the phenomenon of the dream was undertaken with “scientific” method, by physicians, physiologists, and psychiatrists before the birth of the “myth” advanced by Freud who claimed for psychoanalysis the birthright of the psychological study of dreams. The article highlights the long and varied process of obtaining scientific knowledge of dreams and the dreaming process, and sheds light on researchers and traditions that have not received as much attention as they should have.

scholarly journals Sleepwalking in Italian Operas: A Window on Popular and Scientific Knowledge on Sleep Disorders in the 19th Century

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Augusto Riva ◽  
Vittorio Alessandro Sironi ◽  
Lucio Tremolizzo ◽  
Carolina Lombardi ◽  
Giovanni De Vito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
The 19Th Century

scholarly journals Secondary-school chemistry textbooks in the 19th century

2015 ◽  
Vol 80 (10) ◽  
pp. 1321-1338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Milanovic ◽  
Dragica Trivic ◽  
Biljana Tomasevic
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
School Students ◽  
Chemistry Textbooks ◽  
The 19Th Century

The teaching of chemistry in Serbia as a separate subject dates from 1874. The first secondary-school chemistry textbooks appeared in the second half of the 19th century. The aim of this paper is to gain insight, by analysing two secondary-school chemistry textbooks, written by Sima Lozanic (1895) and Mita Petrovic (1892), into what amount of scientific knowledge from the sphere of chemistry was presented to secondary school students in Serbia in the second half of the 19th century, and what principles textbooks written at the time were based on. Within the framework of the research conducted, we defined the criteria for assessing the quality of secondary-school chemistry textbooks in the context of the time they were written in. The most important difference between the two textbooks under analysis that we found pertained to the way in which their contents were organized. Sima Lozanic?s textbook is characterized by a greater degree of systematicness when it comes to the manner of presenting its contents and consistency of approach throughout the book. In both textbooks one can perceive the authors? attempts to link chemistry-related subjects to everyday life, and to point out the practical significance of various substances, as well as their toxicness.

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