scholarly journals Ethnic minority language culture, places with original tay language elements and names inconsistence in Tuyen Quang provinces

2021 ◽  
pp. e021032
Author(s):  
Duong Thi Ngu ◽  
Dinh Tran Ngoc Huy
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Minority Language ◽  
Minority Languages ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Reading And Writing ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Gaining Insight

The article is composed statistically using maps of all types, documents on marital status, family records, and administrative documents (collectively referred to as Vietnamese documents). Place names with elements of Tay origin in Tuyen Quang province based on 4 districts (Chiem Hoa, Lam Binh, Na Hang, and Son Duong) were researched, with the intention of gaining insight into place names with original elements that come from ethnic minority languages in Vietnam, being read and written in different ways. The difference in the phonetics and writing of Tay language compared to Vietnamese, is one of the reasons that place names with elements of Tay origin in Tuyen Quang province, are used inconsistently, resulting in different ways of reading, and writing a place name. Therefore, there is a need to standardize all place names located in the province.

scholarly journals Complex structure of place name has minority language origin in Tuyen Quang Province, Viet Nam

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3B) ◽  
pp. 116-124
Author(s):  
Duong Thi Ngu
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Minority Language ◽  
National Language ◽  
Common Element ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Individual Element ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Language Origin

A place with an ethnic minority language origin in Tuyen Quang is a place where a part of the words is the language of the ethnic minorities in the area. The word "element" here is understood as the basic elements, the basis of the place name, which can be a common element or an individual element. Usually, the element with the origin of the ethnic minority language is often located in the individual element, but sometimes in the common element. Thus, in the place names, there must be an element that can easily recognize the ethnic minorities in them. In this work, we learn about the characteristics of place names based on survey documents of place names with elements of ethnic minority languages written in National language and places in the original form fieldwork surveying and descriptive methods as well as interdisciplinary approach and some other methods have been utilized in the research.

Jianchuan Bai

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jerold A. Edmondson ◽  
John H. Esling ◽  
Li Shaoni
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Minority Language ◽  
Remote Area ◽  
Minority Languages ◽  
Populated Area ◽  
The Third ◽  
The North ◽  
Salt Mining

The Bai language () is spoken by approximately 1.6 million people in northwest Yunnan Province, China. Of the 25 minority languages spoken in Yunnan, where 33% of the population are ethnic minorities and 67% are Han Chinese, the Bai ethnic minority is second in population only to the Yi (Wiersma 1990, 2003; 2010 census). Bai is classified as a Tibeto-Burman language (Xu & Zhao 1964, 1984), although arguments have been raised as to its possible early Sinitic origins (Starostin 1994, 1995). A summary in French reviews Chinese loanwords, ancient Bai, and comparative Bai dialects (Dell 1981). The historical influence of Chinese on Bai has been significant, but evidence is not compelling that Bai is Sinitic (Norman 2003: 73). There are three major dialects of Bái: Jiànchuān (), Dàlĭ (), and Bìjiāng (). The data in this illustration represent the variety of Jianchuan (jian1239, BCA). The third author (), who was about 60 years old at the time of recording, is a male native of the Jianchuan region, originating from QiÁohǒu, a mountain village some 50 km southwest of Jianchuan city – a remote area known for salt mining and where the language has been less influenced by modern Chinese. These locations are indicated on the map of Yunnan (the southwesternmost province of China in an intensely minority-language-populated area) in Figure 1. The traditional geographical link from Qiaohou is to Jianchuan to the north rather than to Dali to the south, and many of the most distinctive characteristics of Jianchuan Bai described here are not found in Dali Bai.

scholarly journals Influence of Determinants of Diabetes on Sexual Quality using Discriminant Functions

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Abukari Alhassan
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Estimation ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Covariance Matrices ◽  
Multivariate Normality ◽  
Discriminant Functions ◽  
Empirical Estimates ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Insight Into

This paper seeks to give a better understanding of the influence of age, creatinine level, duration of diabetes, glucose level and pulse rate on diabetic-induced sexual dysfunction among people. The study employed two-way MANOVA with balanced samples of 115 each. Prior to the analysis, univariate and multivariate normality, linearity, equality of error and covariance matrices, and multicollinearity assumptions were satisfied. Significance was attained for both sex and marital status (P < 0.05), though their interaction effect was not significant (P > 0.05). Wald’s test for individual groups confirmed the hypothetical decision of MANOVA, though independent T2 failed to report significance for marital status. Under the parameter estimation, it was ascertained that the difference between the groups was in terms of age and creatinine levels of people. The model is also considered credible since bootstrap estimates converged to the empirical estimates. Even though this paper did not exhaust all metabolic and comorbid factors relating to diabetes, it is hoped that it provides an insight into some circumstances in the evolution of diabetes.

Standing up to the Demos

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Erskine
Keyword(s):  
Athenian Democracy ◽  
Parallel Lives ◽  
Standing Up ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Gaining Insight ◽  
The Way

Plutarch wrote twenty-three Greek Lives in his series of Parallel Lives—of these, ten were devoted to Athenians. Since Plutarch shared the hostile view of democracy of Polybius and other Hellenistic Greeks, this Athenian preponderance could have been a problem for him. But Plutarch uses these men’s handling of the democracy and especially the demos as a way of gaining insight into the character and capability of his protagonists. This chapter reviews Plutarch’s attitude to Athenian democracy and examines the way a statesman’s character is illuminated by his interaction with the demos. It also considers what it was about Phocion that so appealed to Plutarch, first by looking at his relationship with the democracy and then at the way he evokes the memory of Socrates. For him this was not a minor figure, but a man whose life was representative of the problems of Athenian democracy.

scholarly journals Effects of marital status on overall and cancer-specific survival in laryngeal cancer patients: a population-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Ding ◽  
Deshun Yu ◽  
Hefeng Li ◽  
Yueming Ding
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Laryngeal Cancer ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Effect ◽  
The Difference

AbstractMarital status has long been recognized as an important prognostic factor for many cancers, however its’ prognostic effect for patients with laryngeal cancer has not been fully examined. We retrospectively analyzed 8834 laryngeal cancer patients in the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database from 2004 to 2010. Patients were divided into four groups: married, widowed, single, and divorced/separated. The difference in overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of the various marital subgroups were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier curve. Multivariate Cox regression analysis screened for independent prognostic factors. Propensity score matching (PSM) was also conducted to minimize selection bias. We included 8834 eligible patients (4817 married, 894 widowed, 1732 single and 1391 divorced/separated) with laryngeal cancer. The 5-year OS and CSS of married, widowed, single, and separated/divorced patients were examined. Univariate and multivariate analyses found marital status to be an independent predictor of survival. Subgroup survival analysis showed that the OS and CSS rates in widowed patients were always the lowest in the various American Joint Committee on Cancer stages, irrespective of sex. Widowed patients demonstrated worse OS and CSS in the 1:1 matched group analysis. Among patients with laryngeal cancer, widowed patients represented the highest-risk group, with the lowest OS and CSS.

scholarly journals Gaining Insight into Vitiligo Genetics through the Lens of a Large Epidemiologic Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 141 (4) ◽  
pp. 718-721
Author(s):  
Ken Okamura ◽  
Manuel Garber ◽  
John E. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Gaining Insight
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