A Holistic Approach to Achieve Excellence in Pipeline Security Using "SOLIDS"

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rais
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Detection Technology

Indonesian oil and gas transporter, PT Pertamina Gas (Pertagas), has a special task to operate the Tempino to Plaju Crude Oil Pipeline (TPCOP) to deliver 15,000 barrel-oil per day (BOPD) crude oil. Pertagas faced a big challenge and concern in the operation due to the frequent illegal tapping activities and risk of pipeline product theft. In 2012, 748 illegal taps cases or equal to a daily average of 2 cases were reported. The loss from crude oil transportation was approximately 40% per day and loss revenue was more than $20 million a year. Moreover, illegal tapping by cutting into pipelines can cause pipeline ruptures and explosions, leading to human casualties, destruction of property, and damage to the environment. Pertagas reported that illegal taps have increased to 400% from year 2010 to the year 2013. Efforts were taken to minimize the illegal tapping frequency by developing an integrated system that includes supervision and security of assets along the pipeline called “Security and Oil Losses Management with Integrated Detection System (SOLIDS)”. This system consists of Asset Management System (AMS), Liquid Management System (LMS), Leak Detection System (LDS), security patrol, Emergency Response Team (ERT), and is supported by Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs. The implementation of SOLIDS proved to be an effective oil loss detection technology and pipeline security control that detects product thefts quickly and locates illegal tapping points accurately, so protective measures could be applied immediately. The implementation showed a good result. Pertagas has been succeeded in reducing losses from illegal taps from 748 cases in 2012 to zero cases in 2018. Consistent implementation of this system will provide a solution in reducing losses and illegal tapping under all operational conditions.

scholarly journals Crude Oil Pipeline Security: Minimizing Illegal Tapping using “SOLIDS” System

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rais
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Radio Communication ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Response Team ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Integrated Detection

One of subsidiaries of Pertamina is Pertamina Gas which manage special task in operating crude oil transportation 15,000 barrel oil per day (BOPD). In the operation still occur illegal tapping activities and risk of pipeline product theft is a major concern to industry. In 2012, oil thieves drills 748 illegal taps or an average 2 times every day. Losses from transportation approximately 40% per day and loss revenue more than $20 million a year. The activities of illegal tapping by cutting into pipelines can cause pipeline ruptures and explosions, leading to human casualties, destruction of property, and damage to the environment. Pertamina Gas reported that illegal taps rise to 400% from 2010 until 2013 and effort was taken to minimize illegal tapping frequency and develops integrated system that includes supervision and security of assets along the pipeline called “Security and Oil Losses Management with Integrated Detection System (SOLIDS)”. This system includes liquid management system (LMS), pipeline leak detection system (PLDS), security team patrol, emergency response team (ERT), radio communication-CCTV and corporate social responsibility (CSR). The implementation of SOLIDS is an effective oil loss detection technologies and pipeline security that detect product thefts quickly and accurately locate illegal tapping points. SOLIDS investment costs are still smaller than the company's losses due oil losses and environmental impact.Pertamina Gas has been succeeded in reducing losses from illegal taps. In 2012 the number of illegal tapping cases 748 points and decreased significantly in 2018 as many as zero case. Consistent implementation of this system will provide solution in reducing losses and illegal tapping under all operational conditions.

A Holistic Approach for Mitigation of H2S from Crude Oil and Gas in an Offshore/Remote Environment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M K Gupta ◽  
J N Sukanandan ◽  
V K Singh ◽  
A S Pawar ◽  
BUDHIN Deuri
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Remote Environment

scholarly journals Drag Reducer Selection for Oil Pipeline Based Laboratory Experiment

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leksono Mucharam ◽  
Silvya Rahmawati ◽  
Rizki Ramadhani
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Chemical Application ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Pipeline Flow ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Pump Stations

Oil and gas industry is one of the most capital-intensive industry in the world. Each step of oil and gas processing starting from exploration, exploitation, up to abandonment of the field, consumes large amount of capital. Optimization in each step of process is essential to reduce expenditure. In this paper, optimization of fluid flow in pipeline during oil transportation will be observed and studied in order to increase pipeline flow performance.This paper concentrates on chemical application into pipeline therefore the chemical can increase overall pipeline throughput or decrease energy requirement for oil transportation. These chemicals are called drag reducing agent, which consist of various chemicals such as surfactants, polymers, nanofluids, fibers, etc. During the application of chemical into pipeline flow system, these chemicals are already proven to decrease pump work for constant flow rate or allow pipeline to transport more oil for same amount of pump work. The first application of drag reducer in large scale oil transportation was in Trans Alaskan Pipeline System which cancel the need to build several pump stations because of the successful application. Since then, more company worldwide started to apply drag reducer to their pipeline system.Several tedious testings on laboratory should be done to examine the effect of drag reducer to crude oil that will be the subject of application. In this paper, one of the testing method is studied and experimented to select the most effective DRA from several proposed additives. For given pipeline system and crude oil type, the most optimum DRA is DRA A for pipeline section S-R and for section R-P is DRA B. Different type of oil and pipeline geometry will require different chemical drag reducer. 

Analysis of the Operation Mode and Instability on the Low-Flowrate Running of Hot-Oil Pipeline

2012 ◽  
Vol 614-615 ◽  
pp. 550-554
Author(s):  
Rong Ge Xiao ◽  
Dong Rui Yi ◽  
Pei Fen Yao ◽  
Jia Quan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Natural Aging ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Point Depressant ◽  
Light Oil ◽  
Reduced Costs

Because the most of crude oil has the nature of "three-high" in China and the natural aging of crude oil in the part of oil field, the transmission of crude-oil has reduced, and the oil refining has increased in oil field, Thus the majority of pipelines laid in china are running at a low-flowrate. Analysis of the problems in the running of low-flowrate pipeline: with the temperature drops up, the viscosity increases; the accident of condensate tubes very easily occurs; the turnover point increases; the pressure load of pipeline increases; the supply of heat is shortage, the reliability of equipment is reduced; costs increases and so on. There is proposing the main operation mode to solve the pipeline in low-flowrate, including intermittent transportation, the transportation of mixing light oil, oil and gas batch transportation, the transportation with adding pour point depressant and so on, and has discussed the instability of the running of hot pipeline in the low-flowrate.

scholarly journals The challenges and solution of implementing a leak detection system on a complex crude oil pipeline network in Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-73
Author(s):  
Harry SMITH ◽  
Kirsty MCNEIL ◽  
Tom RECORD ◽  
Dan BUZATU ◽  
Georgian ILIESCU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Pipeline Network ◽  
Oil Pipeline

High Speed Data Communications and High Speed Leak Detection Models: Impact of Thermodynamic Properties for Heated Crude Oil in Large Diameter, Insulated Pipelines — Application Pacific Pipeline System

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis Mecham ◽  
Galen Stanley ◽  
Michael Pelletier ◽  
Jim C. P. Liou
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
San Joaquin Valley ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Detection Model

Recent advances in SCADA and leak detection system technologies lead to higher scan rates and faster model speeds. As these model speeds increase and the inherent mathematical uncertainties in implicit method solutions are reduced, errors and uncertainties in measurement of the physical properties of the fluids transported by pipeline come to dominate the confidence calculations for computer generated leak alerts in the control center. The ability to collect more data must be supported by the need for better model data in order to achieve optimal leak detection system performance. This is particularly true when the products transported are non-homogeneous and have strong viscosity-vs-temperature relationships. These are characteristics of crude oils in California’s San Joaquin Valley where significant heating is required to pump these oils in an efficient manner. Proper characterization and correct mathematical expression of these physical properties in leak models has become critical. This paper presents these new developments in the context of an implementation of this new technology for the Pacific Pipeline System (PPS). PPS is a recently constructed and commissioned 209 km (130-mile), 50.8 cm (20″) diameter, insulated, hot crude oil pipeline between the southern portion of California’s San Joaquin Valley and refineries in the Los Angeles basin. Operational temperatures in this line vary from ambient to 82.2°C (180°F) with pressures ranging from 345 kPa (50 psi) to 11,720 kPa (1700 psi). Due to the unique geometry of the line, facilities along the route include pumping stations, metering stations and numerous “throttle-type” pressure reduction facilities. On PPS, a high-speed leak detection model is supported by a fiber optic (OC-1) communication backbone with data rate capacities in excess of 50 Megabits Per Second (MPS). Total scan times for the distributed communication system have been reduced to 1/4 second — each facility reports data to the SCADA host four times each second. A corresponding 1/4 second leak detection model cycle leads to selection of Methods of Characteristics segments on the order of 260 meters (850 feet). This resolution, in conjunction with the advanced instrumentation package of PPS, makes detection of very small leaks realizable. This paper starts with an overview of the system and combines a mix of the theoretical requirements imposed by the mathematical solutions with a practical description of the laboratory procedures and propagated experimental errors. The paper reviews temperature-related errors and uncertainties and their influence on leak detection performance.

Oil and Gas Offshore Pipeline Leak Detection System: A Feasibility Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 891-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Fani Sulaima ◽  
F. Abdullah ◽  
Wan Mohd Bukhari ◽  
Fara Ashikin Ali ◽  
M.N.M. Nasir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Inspection Time ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
System A ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Offshore Pipeline

Pipelines leaks normally begin at poor joints, corrosions and cracks, and slowly progress to a major leakage. Accidents, terror, sabotage, or theft are some of human factor of pipeline leak. The primary purpose of Pipeline leak detection systems (PLDS) is to assist pipeline operators in detecting and locating leaks earlier. PLDS systems provide an alarm and display other related data to the pipeline operators for their decision-making. It is also beneficial because PLDS can enhance their productivity by reduced downtime and inspection time. PLDS can be divided into internally based or computational modeling PLDS Systems and external hardware based PLDS. The purpose of this paper is to study the various types of leak detection systems based on internally systemtodefine a set of key criteria for evaluating the characteristics of this system and provide an evaluation method of leak detection technology as a guideline of choosing the appropriate system.

Real Time Statistical Leak Detection on the RRP Crude Oil Network, Holland

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joep Hoeijmakers ◽  
John Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Pipeline Network ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Detection Systems

Prior to the year 2000, the RRP crude oil pipeline network in Holland and Germany was monitored using a dynamic leak detection system based on a dynamic model. The system produced some false alarms during normal operation; prompting RRP to investigate what advances had been made in the leak detection field before committing to upgrade the existing system for Y2K compliance. RRP studied the available leak detection systems and decided to install a statistics-based system. This paper examines the field application of the statistics based leak detection system on the three crude oil pipelines operated by RRP. They are the 177 km Dutch line, the 103 km South line, and the 86 km North line. The results of actual field leak trials are reported. Leak detection systems should maintain high sensitivity with the minimum of false alarms over the long term; thus this paper also outlines the performance of the statistical leak detection system over the last year from the User’s perspective. The leak detection experiences documented on this crude oil pipeline network demonstrate that it is possible to have a reliable real-time leak detection system with minimal maintenance costs and without the costs and inconvenience of false alarms.

scholarly journals Life Prediction of Crude Oil Pipeline to Mitigate Leakages: A Case Study of an NPDC Major Pipeline in OML30, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Freedom Ifowodo ◽  
Chinedum Ogonna Mgbemena ◽  
Christopher Okechukwu Izelu
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Internal Corrosion ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Oil And Gas Field ◽  
Pipeline Failure ◽  
Pipeline Failures ◽  
Major Pipeline

Abstract Pipeline leak or failure is a dreaded event in the oil and gas industries. Top events such as catastrophes and multiple fatalities have occurred in the past due to pipeline leak or failure especially when loss of contents was met with fire incidents. It is therefore imperative that the causes of pipeline failure are tackled to prevent or mitigate leak incidents. This is expedient to curb the menace that goes with leak incidents, such as destruction of the environment and ecosystem; loss of assets, finance, lives and property; dangers to workers and personnel, production downtime, litigation and dent to company’s reputation. This work focuses on the investigation of the actual cause of sudden pipeline failures and frequent pipeline leaks that often result to sectional pipeline replacement before the expiration of their anticipated life cycle in OML30 oil and gas field. The pipeline material selected, the standard of the minimum wall thickness of the material, the corrosive nature of the pipeline content and the observed internal corrosion rate were probed. An analysis of the rate of thinning and diminution of the internal wall of the pipeline by monitoring the interior rate of corrosion was used to forecast the remaining life of a crude oil pipeline and predict the life expectancy of a newly replaced or installed pipeline or installed pipeline.

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