scholarly journals PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH DENGAN SISTEM REAKTOR BIOLOGIS PUTAR (ROTATING BIOLOGICAL CONTACTOR) DAN PARAMETER DISAIN

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nusa Idaman Said
Keyword(s):  
Loading Rate ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
High Tolerance ◽  
Surface Loading ◽  
Rotating Biological Contactor ◽  
Sludge Characteristics ◽  
Fixed Media ◽  
Rotating Discs ◽  
High Loading Rate ◽  
Secondary Clarifier

A rotating biological contactor (or RBC) is a type of fixed media filter which removes both organic matter and ammonia from water.  It can be added to a packaged plant for more efficient ammonia removal, replacing the aerator in both location and function.The RBC consists of a series of rotating discs.  These discs are coated with a biological slime like the slime on rocks in a healthy stream.  This slime is rotated through the air and and then through the wastewater so that it picks up oxygen in the air and breaks down B.O.D. in the wastewater.  Since the discs rotate through the air, there is no need to pump air into the wastewater.  And since the slime stays on the discs, there is no need to recycle sludge. The present study describes basic consideration of rotating biological contactor (RBC) system for wastewater treatment. The design of an RBC system must include the following consideration sach as organics  and surface loading criteria, staging of RBC units, peripheral velocity, temperature, effluent characteritics and secondary clarifier. The RBC system have some advantages : smaller basin, less upset, high loading rate, nitrification/de-nitrification, high tolerance, low OM Cost, durable constructions, odorless, no noise, and stable sludge characteristics. Kata Kunci : Reaktor bioloigis putar, air limbah, parameter disain.

Y-TZP, Ce-TZP and as-synthesized Ce-TZP/Al2O3 materials in the development of high loading rate digital light processing formulations

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 3892-3900
Author(s):  
Sophie Cailliet ◽  
Marilyne Roumanie ◽  
Céline Croutxé-Barghorn ◽  
Guillaume Bernard-Granger ◽  
Richard Laucournet
Keyword(s):  
Loading Rate ◽  
High Loading ◽  
Digital Light Processing ◽  
High Loading Rate

scholarly journals Effects of High Loading Rate on Reinforced Concrete Beams

2014 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satadru Das Adhikary ◽  
Bing Li ◽  
Kazunori Fujikake
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Beams ◽  
High Loading ◽  
High Loading Rate

scholarly journals Delamination propagation under high loading rate

2020 ◽  
Vol 253 ◽  
pp. 112734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianyu Chen ◽  
Christopher M. Harvey ◽  
Simon Wang ◽  
Vadim V. Silberschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Loading Rate ◽  
High Loading ◽  
High Loading Rate ◽  
Delamination Propagation

The hydrodynamic filter separator for removal of urban storm runoff

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 243-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Lee ◽  
K.W. Bang ◽  
Y.J. Cho ◽  
S.J. Joh
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Storm Runoff ◽  
Surface Loading ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Solids Separation ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Urban Storm

The majority of storm runoff pollution is trapped in particles smaller than 100 μm in diameter. Solid particles smaller than 100 μm in diameter are not easily separated by conventional types of hydrodynamic separator, and remain in suspension in overflow. To overcome this problem, a HDFS (hydrodynamic filter separator) has been developed for treatment of the microparticles in urban storm runoff. We conducted a laboratory scale study on treatable potential of microparticles using HDFS that combined HDS with perlite filter. To determine the efficiency for various operation conditions, a series of experiments was performed with different solids concentrations and surface loading rate. The operation ranges of surface loading rates were 100 to 2,800 m3/m2/day, and influent solids concentrations were varied from 800 to 1,900 mg/L. Also, the particle size distribution was monitored to investigate the effects of surface loading rates on the particle size. Results indicated that the HDFS-Inside type showed greater efficiency at solids separation than the other type.

Instable Crack Propagation Analysis with PDS-FEM

2012 ◽  
Vol 234 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Hao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Crack Propagation ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Crack Pattern ◽  
Dynamic Crack Propagation ◽  
Dynamic Crack ◽  
Parallel Cracks ◽  
Dynamic Setting ◽  
Propagation Analysis ◽  
High Loading Rate ◽  
The Stability

This paper studies the stability of dynamic crack propagation in a homogeneous plate with 2 parallel cracks located in an anti-symmetric manner. PDS-FEM is extended to the dynamic setting, and a method to randomly generate unbiased mesh is developed. Monte-Carlo simulation is carried out to study the crack patterns. It is shown that a solution for low and high loading rate displacement loading condition is stable or instable, respectively, since the crack pattern loses anti-symmetricity for the latter boundary condition.

scholarly journals Autotrophic ammonia removal from landfill leachate using anaerobic membrane bioreactor

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Suneethi ◽  
Kurian Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Anammox Process

Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR) is an innovative high cell density system having complete biomass retention, high reactor loading and low sludge production and suitable for developing slow growing autotrophic bacterial cultures such as ANAMMOX. The Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation (ANAMMOX) process is an advanced biological nitrogen removal removes ammonia using nitrite as the electron acceptor without oxygen. The NH4+-N in the landfill leachate that is formed due to the release of nitrogen from municipal solid waste (MSW), when discharged untreated, into the surface water can result in eutrophication, aquatic toxicity and emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) to atmosphere. Besides, NH4+-N accumulation in landfills poses long term pollution issue with significant interference during post closure thereby requiring its removal prior to ultimate disposal into inland surface waters. The main objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility and treatment efficiency of treating landfill leachate (to check) for removing NH4+-N by adopting ANAMMOX process in AnMBR. The AnMBR was optimized for Nitrogen Loading Rate (NLR) varying from 0.025 to 5 kg NH4+-N/ m3/ d with hydraulic retention time (HRT) ranging from 1 to 3 d. NH4+-N removal efficacy of 85.13 ± 9.67% with the mean nitrogen removal rate (NRR) of 5.54 ± 0.63 kg NH4+-N/ m3/ d was achieved with nitrogen loading rate (NLR) of 6.51 ± 0.20 kg NH4+- N/ m3/ d at 1.5 d HRT. The nitrogen transformation intermediates in the form of hydrazine (N2H4) and hydroxylamine (NH2OH) were 0.008 ± 0.005 mg/L and 0.006 ± 0.001 mg/L, respectively, indicating co-existence of aerobic ammonia oxidizers (AOB) and ANAMMOX. The free ammonia (NH3) and free nitrous acid (HNO2) concentrations were 26.61 ± 16.54 mg/L and (1.66 ± 0.95) x 10-5 mg/L, preventing NO2--N oxidation to NO3--N enabling sustained NH4+- N removal.

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