scholarly journals Breaking the Resource Curse: The Role of Natural Resource Funds

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
Isaiah Adeleke ◽  
Umaru Mustapha Zubairu
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resource ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Special Purpose Vehicle ◽  
Resource Governance ◽  
Effective Role

Studies have shown that the paradox of “the more resource-rich the poorer” otherwise known as “resource curse” has been prevalent in many countries endowed with natural resources. To mitigate this trend, a revenue management strategy called Natural Resource Funds (NRFs) - a government owned special-purpose vehicle to ensure effective management of the country’s natural wealth was embraced in some nations. This paper critically reviewed the roles of NRFs in breaking the resource curse. The Systematic Quantitative Assessment Technique (SQAT) was adopted in identifying and reviewing sixty-seven (67) peer reviewed journal articles that had researched on NRFs in the last decade. The findings were that NRFs have played an effective role in some advanced countries (Chile and China), while they have failed, especially in Africa, Middle East and Latin America due to poor institutional framework and governance. A globally set code of resource governance was recommended to strengthen the role of NRFs and enhance their effectiveness. Resource revenue maximization other than revenue utilization would be a good area for future research.

The Internationalization of Family Firms

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thilo J. Pukall ◽  
Andrea Calabrò
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Risk Attitudes ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Suggested Model ◽  
Socioemotional Wealth ◽  
Uppsala Model ◽  
Research Themes

This article systematically reviews and critically examines 72 journal articles published (from 1980 to 2012) on the internationalization of family firms. Stemming from existing literature, core aspects and main gaps are identified. We aim to overcome the inconclusiveness of findings of previous research by offering an integrative theoretical model integrating the concept of socioemotional wealth with the revised Uppsala model. Our framework helps understand behaviors of internationalizing family firms by focusing on when and how they internationalize, especially related to risk attitudes, the role of knowledge and networks. Ultimately, we provide future research themes flowing from our suggested model.

Reciprocal Teaching: A Review of the Research

1994 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barak Rosenshine ◽  
Carla Meister
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Tests ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Reciprocal Teaching ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Unpublished Studies ◽  
Comprehension Tests

Reciprocal teaching is an instructional procedure designed to teach students cognitive strategies that might lead to improved reading comprehension. The learning of cognitive strategies such as summarization, question generation, clarification, and prediction is supported through dialogue between teacher and students as they attempt to gain meaning from text. This article is a review of sixteen studies on reciprocal teaching, which include published studies found in journal articles and unpublished studies indexed in Dissertation Abstracts International. All the studies included in this review were quantitative in methodology. When standardized tests were used to assess comprehension, the median effect size, favoring reciprocal teaching, was .32. When experimenter-developed comprehension tests were used, the median effect size was .88. We also discuss the role of cognitive strategies in enhancing comprehension, the strategies that were most helpful, instructional approaches for teaching cognitive strategies, the quality of the dialogue during reciprocal teaching, and suggestions for future research and practice.

scholarly journals Earnings Smoothing as Information Signaling or Garbling: A Review of Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Nor Afifah Shabani ◽  
Saudah Sofian
Keyword(s):  
Private Information ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Future Earnings ◽  
Information Signaling ◽  
Earnings Smoothing ◽  
Reported Earnings

Earnings smoothing, which refers to the action of managers managing earnings to reduce fluctuations of reported earnings, is a special type of earnings management because while earnings smoothing may be used to distort shareholders and creditors’ view of corporate actual performance, it may also serve as a tool to communicate corporate private information of future earnings to the aforementioned stakeholders. Hence, it comes to no surprise when prior literatures reveal that the studies on the role of earnings smoothing are divided into two streams: as information signaling and information garbling. This paper aims to review prior literatures, specifically on the role of earnings smoothing either as information signaling or garbling based on four themes: firm value, financing need, compensation contract and outsiders’ intervention. This paper reviews journal articles gathered from Web of Science database. Based on the shortcomings of prior literatures, this paper highlights avenue for future research.

Under pressure: A systematic review of stress and its impact among graduate students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seongkyung Cho ◽  
Christopher S Hayter
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Science Policy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Research And Policy

Abstract Despite increasing interest related to the role of graduate students in economic and social development, science policy scholars have overlooked the role of stress and its broader impact on the conduct of science. To motivate future empirical research, this study systematically reviews the literature on antecedents and impact of stress among graduate students, examining thirty-four journal articles published from 2000 to 2018. We find that not only do multiple definitions of stress exist, but also that scholars have neglected broader theoretical implications and comparative dimensions of the phenomenon. While this outcome can be explained partially by the paucity of different national and disciplinary perspectives, these factors nonetheless hinder the design and implementation of effective interventions that can help graduate students reduce and manage stress levels and thus improve the conduct of science. We introduce a conceptual model of our findings and discuss implications for future research and policy.

Staged-volume radiosurgery for large arteriovenous malformations: a review

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. E20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenan AlKhalili ◽  
Nohra Chalouhi ◽  
Stavropoula Tjoumakaris ◽  
Robert Rosenwasser ◽  
Pascal Jabbour
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Normal Tissue Damage ◽  
Potential Improvement

Stereotactic radiosurgery is an effective management strategy for properly selected patients with arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). However, the risk of postradiosurgical radiation-related injury is higher in patients with large AVMs. Multistaged volumetric management of large AVMs was undertaken to limit the radiation exposure to the surrounding normal brain. This strategy offers a promising method for obtaining high AVM obliteration rates with minimal normal tissue damage. The use of embolization as an adjunctive method in the treatment of large AVMs remains controversial. Unfortunately, staged-volume radiosurgery (SVR) has a number of potential pitfalls that affect the outcome. The aim of this article is to highlight the role of SVR in the treatment of large AVMs, to discuss the outcome comparing it to other treatment modalities, and to discuss the potential improvement that could be introduced to this method of treatment.

A systematic review on the internationalization of Chinese SMEs: Thematic expansion, new impulses and potential avenues for future research

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Hänle ◽  
Bart Cambré ◽  
Stefanie Weil
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Push And Pull

Purpose Supplementing an earlier review paper on the internationalization of Chinese small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) (ICS) that covers the period 1991–2012, the purpose of this paper is to examine how research on this topic has thematically expanded in recent years. Specifically, the authors aim to examine the literature between 2013 and 2020, highlight advancements and synthesize potential avenues for future research. Design/methodology/approach Based on the systematic literature review method (Denyer and Tranfield, 2009; Kraus et al., 2020), the authors considered more than 5,700 peer-reviewed journal articles, of which 107 were included in the narrative synthesis. Findings Research on the ICS has become more widespread and mature in the period since 2013. First, there are more papers investigating firm-level characteristics and sources of internal capabilities. Second, the state of knowledge regarding social networks and institutional contexts in the internationalization process has increased. Consequently, new knowledge exists regarding push and pull patterns and the role China’s institutional environment is playing. Third, growing interest can be noted in studying entrepreneurship in the context of Chinese SMEs’ global expansion. Additionally, the paper exposes promising areas for future research and suggests more than 20 potential research questions. Originality/value This review in the growing debate on the ICS is the first of its kind that consciously drives the work of a previous review study forward. This enables tracking the progress of research (“mapping of the field”) and identifying important avenues for future research that can further advance the debate. The comprehensive review also discovered one relatively new variable – the role of Chinese returnee entrepreneurs – which shows the significant influence on SME internationalization and attracts growing scholarly attention.

scholarly journals The role of country-level institutional factors in escaping the natural resource curse: Insights from Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 433-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawda Adams ◽  
Subhan Ullah ◽  
Pervaiz Akhtar ◽  
Kweku Adams ◽  
Samir Saidi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resource ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Natural Resource Curse ◽  
Country Level

Does Franchising Alleviate Restaurants’ Vulnerability to Economic Conditions?

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon Koh ◽  
Yinyoung Rhou ◽  
Seoki Lee ◽  
Manisha Singal
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategy ◽  
Restaurant Industry ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Risk Management Strategy ◽  
Publicly Traded ◽  
Earnings Volatility ◽  
Restaurant Firms ◽  
High Degree

Although the implications of adopting a franchising strategy in the restaurant industry have been examined in previous literature, the role of franchising has mostly been viewed as a means of growth, without much attention paid to its role in reducing risk via alleviating earnings volatility. In this study, we examine whether, and to what extent, franchising in restaurant firms can reduce earnings volatility occurring due to fluctuating economic conditions. Our longitudinal analysis of publicly traded restaurant firms from 1994 to 2012 shows that, during changes in economic conditions, firms adopting a high degree of franchising face lower earnings volatility than firms that adopt a restricted degree of franchising. Our article contributes to the literature on restaurant franchising as a risk-management strategy while providing avenues for future research.

scholarly journals Natural Resources and Civil Conflict: The Role of Military Expenditures

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 575
Author(s):  
Rabah Arezki ◽  
Markus Brueckner
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Civil Conflict ◽  
Resource Rents ◽  
Important Message ◽  
Military Expenditures ◽  
Natural Resource Rents ◽  
The Relationship

Military expenditures significantly affect the relationship between the risk of civil conflict outbreak and natural resources. We show that a significant positive effect of natural resource rents on the risk of civil conflict outbreak is limited to countries with low military expenditures. In countries with high military expenditures, there is no significant effect of natural resource rents on civil conflict onset. An important message is thus that a conflict resource curse is absent in countries with sufficiently large military expenditures.

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