scholarly journals Examining the Dutch Resistance Movement During World War II

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Van Bostelen
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
World War ◽  
Nazi Regime ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
War Machine ◽  
Work Camps ◽  
Resistance Movement ◽  
Work Done

This paper is an analysis of the Dutch resistance movement during World War II. During the German occupation of the Netherlands, 102,000 Dutch Jews were deported and killed, which amounted to approximately 75 percent of the pre-war Jewish population in the Netherlands. Additionally, hundreds of thousands of Dutch civilians were forced to work in German work camps to fuel the German war machine. Despite this, only 4% of Dutch citizens participated in the resistance movement. This paper will examine the roles of these resistance fighters, as well as several primary sources that demonstrate their importance and significance. It will explain that resistance work was incredibly dangerous work done by many local organizations that when combined formed a national movement. The resistance movement was recognized and encouraged by the Dutch government in exile and was viewed as a threat by the German occupiers. Ultimately, members of the resistance movement should be viewed as heroes who were willing to stand up to the evil of the Nazi regime and risk their lives for freedom.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
pp. 268-280
Author(s):  
Kory Olson
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Capital City ◽  
World War ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
Napoleon Iii ◽  
Housing Shortages ◽  
Paris Region ◽  
To Come ◽  
Work Done ◽  
The City

The tumultuous nineteenth century brought Parisian led regime change in 1830, 1848 and in many respects 1870. Although Napoleon III and Haussmann had hoped their Paris works would tame the capital city as they constructed uniform boulevards and transformed the crowded medieval centre into a bourgeois space. Throughout the twentieth century, the movement of people and goods throughout the Paris region remained a challenge and official maps showed how to address that issue. The German occupation during World War II effectively ended any hope of Prost’s 1934 plan to come to fruition. However, the damages afflicted on the city during combat allowed leaders to refocus their attention on the city. The pre-war work done by the Service géographique, Jaussely, and Prost allow future urban officials, such as Lopez and Bernard Lafay, to address problems such as increased traffic, parking, housing shortages, decentralization, and increased sprawl. The end of the war shifted national priorities away from the capital but by the 1950s, economic growth meant that urban planners needed to focus yet again on ameliorating development in greater Paris.

scholarly journals The Trials and Significance of Nazi War Criminals and Collaborators in France

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Marshall
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Holocaust Survivors ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
World War ◽  
Nazi Regime ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
Initial Wave ◽  
War Criminals ◽  
Post War

Following the trials of Nazi war criminals and collaborators that transpired immediately after World War II, decades passed before the trials of Nazi war criminal Klaus Barbie and French collaborators Rene Bousquet and Maurice Papon. While the reason for the delayed trials differed in cause, the relevance of the trials is connected in their allowance for the resurrected testimony of survivors of German occupation and the subsequent holocaust. While the trials of Barbie, Bousquet, and Papon occurred long after the initial wave of post war convictions, their significance is compounded by the emergence of occupation and holocaust survivors that create a legal and historical record of the horrors of the Nazi regime and the function of French collaboration in its execution. 

The fate of Jews hospitalized in mental hospitals in France during World War II

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-193
Author(s):  
Yoram Mouchenik ◽  
Véronique Fau-Vincenti
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
World War ◽  
Nazi Regime ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
Mental Hospitals ◽  
The Disabled

The fate of Jewish psychiatric patients in occupied Europe during World War II is inseparable from the fate of the disabled and mentally ill, as planned by the Nazi regime. But Jews found themselves at the confluence of eugenics, Christian anti-Judaism and Nazi racist and anti-Semitic madness. They faced the twin promise of death – both as Jews and as mentally ill. They did not escape from the euthanasia programme and, if by a miracle they survived, they disappeared into the extermination camps. The modalities of annihilation of Jewish psychiatric patients are inseparable from the forms of German occupation, which differed from country to country. In this research we focus initially on various countries in occupied Europe, and then on France.

The Film World’s Cooperative Store: Institutions and Films of the 1930s and 1940s

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Claire Thomson
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Early History ◽  
World War ◽  
International Context ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

This chapter traces the early history of state-sponsored informational filmmaking in Denmark, emphasising its organisation as a ‘cooperative’ of organisations and government agencies. After an account of the establishment and early development of the agency Dansk Kulturfilm in the 1930s, the chapter considers two of its earliest productions, both process films documenting the manufacture of bricks and meat products. The broader context of documentary in Denmark is fleshed out with an account of the production and reception of Poul Henningsen’s seminal film Danmark (1935), and the international context is accounted for with an overview of the development of state-supported filmmaking in the UK, Italy and Germany. Developments in the funding and output of Dansk Kulturfilm up to World War II are outlined, followed by an account of the impact of the German Occupation of Denmark on domestic informational film. The establishment of the Danish Government Film Committee or Ministeriernes Filmudvalg kick-started aprofessionalisation of state-sponsored filmmaking, and two wartime public information films are briefly analysed as examples of its early output. The chapter concludes with an account of the relations between the Danish Resistance and an emerging generation of documentarists.

scholarly journals Proof of Life: Mark-Making Practices on the Island of Alderney

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-254
Author(s):  
Caroline Sturdy Colls ◽  
Rachel Bolton-King ◽  
Kevin Colls ◽  
Tim Harris ◽  
Czelsie Weston
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Human Life ◽  
World War ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
Conflict Archaeology ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Translation Services

Currently, mark-making practices as a form of identification and proof of life are an unrealized resource. Over a three-year period, systematic walkover surveys were conducted on and within fortifications and other structures on the island of Alderney to locate historic and modern marks. The investigations presented in this article demonstrate the importance of non-invasive recording and examination of marks to identify evidence connected to forced and slave labourers, and soldiers present on the island of Alderney during the German occupation in World War II. Names, hand and footwear impressions, slogans, artworks, dates, and counting mechanisms were recorded electronically and investigated by using international databases, archives, and translation services. We discuss the value and challenges of interpreting traces of human life in the contexts of conflict archaeology and missing person investigations and underline the need for greater recognition of marks as evidence of past lives.

LONG-TERM TRENDS IN MARITAL STATUS MORTALITY DIFFERENCES IN THE NETHERLANDS 1850–1970

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANS VAN POPPEL ◽  
INEZ JOUNG
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
World War ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Married Men ◽  
Long Term Trends

This article describes the long-term trends in marital status mortality differences in the Netherlands using a unique dataset relating to the period 1850–1970. Poisson regression analysis was applied to calculate relative mortality risks by marital status. For two periods, cause-of-death by marital status could be used. Clear differences in mortality by marital status were observed, with strongly increasing advantages for married men and women and a relative increase in the mortality of widowed compared with non-married people. Excess mortality among single and formerly married men and women was visible in many cause-of-death categories, and this became more widespread during the last decades of the nineteenth century. Hypotheses are formulated that might explain why married men and women underwent a stronger decrease in mortality up until the end of World War II.

scholarly journals THE SECOND WORLD WAR AND THE UNOPENED AFGHAN FRONT

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-249
Author(s):  
Mahmud Zaynievich Orziev ◽  
◽  
Ahmadjon Asror ogli Ahmadov
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
World War ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
National Organization ◽  
Second World

This article highlights the activities of foreign spies and Turkestan immigrants in Afghanistan during World War II by analyzing historical sources and literature. Also, the National Organization of Bukhara and Bukhara residents in the territory of Afghanistan and the issues of its activities and fate were analyzed on the basis of primary sources. In addition, the causes and factors of the defeat of the German and Japanese espionage in Afghanistan have been covered

scholarly journals Dialectal texts from Russkaya Mokraya (Transcarpathia, Ukraine)

2021 ◽  
pp. 238-280
Author(s):  
Sergey L. Nikolaev ◽  
◽  
Marfa N. Tolstaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
World War ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
Slavic Studies

The Transcarpathian village of Russkaya Mokraya is located in the historic North Maramorosh region and has been known since the 17th century. The published texts were recorded during the expedition of the Institute of Slavic Studies in 1995 and contain mainly stories about the period of World War II, the Hungarian-German occupation, relations with the Hungarian administration and historical German and Jewish neighbors, deportation of Jews. The introduction briefly describes the phonetics of the dialect and its place on the dialectological map.

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