Limb amputation for surgical management of grade two mast cell tumor on digit of labrador retriever

The Labrador retriever came to My vets animal clinic Bumi Serpong Damai with mass on digit for a month. Punch biopsy procedure was performed to differentiate the type of the cells involved. The histological report diagnosed mast cell tumor grade 2. Mast cell tumors are one of the most common skin tumors in dogs, its account for approximately 20-25% of skin tumors in dogs. Mast cell tumors can be classified as grade 1, 2 and 3 by histological assesment. Hematology, blood chemistry, chest radiography and abdomen ultrasound were taken to evaluate metastasis condition of the tumor and the results were normal. Mast cell tumors are corrected by surgical, and post-operative survival time is related to the degree of differentiation. Limb amputation was taken as an option to prevent the spread of tumor to the nearest lymph node, namely the axillary node.

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Cytology of Canine Cutaneous Round Cell Tumors

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1177/030098587901600605 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 673-679 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

J. R. Duncan ◽

K. W. Prasse

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Final Diagnosis ◽

Cell Tumor ◽

Histologic Examination ◽

Round Cell ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Mast Cell Tumor ◽

Round Cell Tumors

Sixty-four canine cutaneous round cell tumors were divided into 25 mast cell tumors, 15 histiocytomas, nine cutaneous lymphosarcomas and 15 transmissible venereal tumors. The final diagnosis was made from cytologic, clinical and histologic findings. Cytologic features were significantly distinctive in mast cell tumor, transmissible venereal tumor, and most cases of histiocytoma and lymphosarcoma to allow a diagnostic opinion. This opinion was supported by subsequent histologic examination. In some instances cytology was considered essential in rendering a diagnostic opinion even though histology was available.

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ON THE ORIGIN OF HEPARIN

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.86.2.107 ◽

1947 ◽

Vol 86 (2) ◽

pp. 107-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

Jean Oliver ◽

Frank Bloom ◽

Carmen Mangieri

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Mast Cells ◽

Biochemical Study ◽

Blood Stream ◽

Cell Tumor ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Precursor Phase ◽

Mast Cell Tumor ◽

Metachromatic Granules

1. The spontaneous mast cell tumor of the dog contains heparin. 2. The cytoplasmic particulate content of the tumor mast cells varies with their anaplasia. This conclusion is based on the following findings: (a) in the immature cell of the more malignant tumor the particulate matter appeared in the living cells by phase microscopy to be composed of greyish illdefined particles or as a fine, weakly metachromatic granulation in the fixed and stained preparation; (b) in the mature cells of a relatively benign mast cell tumor, both in the living cell and in stained preparations, the particulate matter occurred in the form of discrete, dense, and strongly metachromatic granules, resembling those of the normal mast cell. 3. The heparin content was large (fifty times that of dog liver) in the growth with mature cells and only moderate (1.7 times) in that with immature cells. 4. Since there may be a great amount of greyish particulate matter (or fine stained granules) in a tumor of relatively low heparin content, it is suggested that this material represents an early or precursor phase in the development of heparin. 5. This possibility and the fact that the blood stream may be invaded by mature tumor mast cells of large heparin content without evident disturbance in the coagulability of the blood suggest the value of a comprehensive biochemical study of the heparin of mast cell tumors.

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Activation of a fibrinolytic system in a dog with mast cell tumor

American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content ◽

10.1152/ajplegacy.1964.206.3.567 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 206 (3) ◽

pp. 567-572 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Norman Ende ◽

Joseph V. Auditore

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Fibrinolytic Activity ◽

Cell Tumor ◽

Fibrinolytic System ◽

Coagulation System ◽

Proteolytic Activation ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Low Concentrations ◽

Mast Cell Tumor ◽

High Concentrations

Injection of minute amounts 48/80 (35 µg/kg) into a dog possessing widespread mast cell tumors produced an interesting constellation of biochemical and pharmacological responses on the cardiovascular and hematologic systems. Severe cardiac irregularities and an intense lowering of blood pressure occurred. The most obvious changes which occurred on the blood coagulation system were a lowering of the prothrombin consumption and a prolonged increase in the coagulation time. Of paramount importance, however, was the intense fibrinolytic activity which developed in this animal. This phenomenon was also observed in animals not bearing mast cell tumors but occurred only when very high levels of 48/80 (0.75 mg/kg) were administered. Euglobulin fibrinolytic studies suggest that the observed intense fibrinolytic activity may be partially independent of euglobulin system. Heparin, histamine, and protamine in low concentrations did not activate the fibrinolytic system but produced inhibition in high concentrations (10 µg/ml). Canine mast cell tumors contain considerable esterase and proteolytic activity but there was no obvious evidence of their release into the blood after injection of 48/80 along with histamine, but local proteolytic activation in the mast cell tumor occurred.

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Mutations in the Juxtamembrane Domain of c-KIT Are Associated with Higher Grade Mast Cell Tumors in Dogs

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1354/vp.39-5-529 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 39 (5) ◽

pp. 529-535 ◽

Cited By ~ 131

Author(s):

D. Zemke ◽

B. Yamini ◽

V. Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Tumor Development ◽

Cell Tumor ◽

Juxtamembrane Domain ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Mast Cell Tumor ◽

Tumor Tissues ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Sample Set ◽

Larger Sample

Mast cell tumors are among the most commonly seen tumors of the skin in dogs and are more highly aggressive than mast cell tumors of other species. Some breeds display a markedly higher incidence of mast cell tumor development than others and appear to have some genetic predisposition. Recently, mutations have been found in canine mast cell tumor tissues and cell lines within the juxtamembrane domain of the protooncogene c- KIT. In previous studies utilizing a small number of cases, no association between the presence of a mutation and the breed of dog or grade of the tumor could be identified. An expanded study with a larger sample set was performed to explore this possibility. The juxtamembrane domain of c- KIT was amplified using the polymerase chain reaction from genomic DNA preparations of 88 paraffin-embedded mast cell tumors from selected breeds. Mutations, consisting of duplications and deletions, were found in 12 of the tumors. A significant association was found between the presence of a mutation and a higher grade of tumor but not between breed and grade or between breed and the presence of a mutation.

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Extracutaneous Mast-Cell Tumor in the Dog

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1177/030098588201900603 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 608-615 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

A. K. Patnaik ◽

E. G. MacEwen ◽

A. P. Black ◽

S. Luckow

Keyword(s):

Duodenal Ulcer ◽

Mast Cell ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Cell Tumor ◽

Regional Lymph Nodes ◽

Duodenal Ulcers ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Mast Cell Tumor ◽

Cutaneous Mast Cell ◽

Limited Metastasis

Three neoplasms of extracutaneous mast-cell origin, arising from the nasopharynx, oral cavity, and hepatopancreatic lymph nodes respectively, were diagnosed in three dogs. The neoplasms had histologic features similar to those of cutaneous mast-cell tumors, but had limited metastasis mostly involving the regional lymph nodes. One dog had a perforating duodenal ulcer, suggesting that duodenal ulcers can occur with extracutaneous tumors as they do with some cutaneous mast-cell tumors in the dog.

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Characterization of an Undifferentiated Malignancy as a Mast Cell Tumor Using Mutation Analysis in the Proto-Oncogene c-KIT

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation ◽

10.1177/104063870101300411 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 341-345 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Daniel Zemke ◽

Behzad Yamini ◽

Vilma Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Cell Tumor ◽

The Body ◽

Molecular Testing ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Molecular Tests ◽

Mast Cell Tumor ◽

Lymphocyte Antigens ◽

Gross Examination

A 6.5-year-old female Boxer was euthanized and presented for necropsy following rapid clinical decline concomitant with the development of numerous tumor masses. The largest of these masses was in the same location as a mast cell tumor that had been previously removed from this dog. Gross examination revealed the presence of nodules 5–200 mm in diameter throughout the body, including the lymph nodes. Histologic analysis showed an influx of round cells with no granules, leading to the provisional diagnosis of systemic lymphosarcoma. Immunohistochemical staining for B- and T-lymphocyte antigens was negative. Molecular tests were used to identify a tandem duplication in the c- KIT proto-oncogene from both the earlier mast cell tumor and the current nodules, implicating a common origin. Addition of molecular testing to conventional necropsy evaluations allowed a definitive diagnosis of mast cell tumors.

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