Multi-function Plant Defensin, Antimicrobial and Heavy Metal Adsorbent Peptide

The nanobentonite has been synthesized from natural bentonite taken from Tapanuli Utara, Indonesia using coprecipitation method with various solvents (HCl, H2SO4, and HNO3). Its properties as a metal adsorbent were investigated by Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometry. X-Ray Diffraction analysis revealed that the bentonite produced is in nanometer scale. The characterization results obtained from the SiO2single phase with highest dhkl was at millier index (101) with 2 of 21.9o, 22.0o, 22.07o respectively. The results of Microscope-Scanning Electron Energy analysis of nanobentonite dispersion indicated a reduction in agglomeration and finer nanobentonite surface. The Surface Area Analyzer results showed the SBET nanobentonite for solvent variation of HCL, H2SO4, and HNO3 respectively were 731.76 m2/g, 868.11 m2/g, 493.97 m2/ g. Lastly, Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometric test showed that the optimal absorption of the metal content possessed by variety of HCl and nanobentonites with adsorption power of 91.16% for Pb, 76.39% for Cu, and 82.74% Co.

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Sodium hydroxide modified rice husk for enhanced removal of copper ions

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2018.395 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 78 (7) ◽

pp. 1615-1623 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

N. Priyantha ◽

H. K. W. Sandamali ◽

T. P. K. Kulasooriya

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Copper Ions ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Adsorption Model ◽

Natural Form ◽

Langmuir Adsorption ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Heavy Metal Adsorbent

Abstract Although rice husk (RH) is a readily available, natural, heavy metal adsorbent, adsorption capacity in its natural form is insufficient for certain heavy metal ions. In this context, the study is based on enhancement of the adsorption capacity of RH for Cu(II). NaOH modified rice husk (SRH) shows higher extent of removal for Cu(II) ions than that of heated rice husk (HRH) and HNO3 modified rice husk (NRH). The extent of removal of SRH is increased with the concentration of NaOH, and the optimum NaOH concentration is 0.2 mol dm−3, used to modify rice husk for further studies. The surface area of SRH is 215 m2 g−1, which is twice as much as that of HRH according to previous studies. The sorption of Cu(II) on SRH obeys the Langmuir adsorption model, leading to the maximum adsorption capacity of 1.19 × 104 mg kg−1. Kinetics studies show that the interaction of Cu(II) with SRH obeys pseudo second order kinetics. The X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy confirms the adsorption of Cu(II) on SRH, while desorption studies confirm that Cu(II) adsorbed on SRH does not leach it back to water under normal conditions.

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Preparation of Carbonaceous Heavy Metal Adsorbent from Coal Using Sulfur Impregnation

Energy Sources Part A Recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects ◽

10.1080/15567030802612218 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 32 (5) ◽

pp. 442-449 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

T. Wajima ◽

K. Murakami ◽

T. Kato ◽

K. Sugawara

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Heavy Metal Adsorbent

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Conversion of Waste Paper Sludge into Heavy Metal Adsorbent Using Sulfur Impregnation

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.699.759 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 699 ◽

pp. 759-764 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Takaaki Wajima

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Organic Content ◽

Paper Sludge ◽

Recycled Paper ◽

Manufacturing Plants ◽

N2 Atmosphere ◽

Acid Washing ◽

Inorganic Content ◽

Heavy Metal Adsorbent

During the manufacture of recycled paper, paper sludge is discharged as an industrial waste. The amount of sludge discharged from manufacturing plants increases annually. In this study, the organic constituents, such as cellulose, in the sludge were converted into carbonaceous heavy metal absorbents using sulfur treatment. Paper sludge was washed with 5 M HCl solution to remove inorganic content, and then immersed in 1 M K2S solution for 24 h. After immersion, the sample was heated at 800 °C for 1 h under N2 atmosphere, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain the product. The sludge was mainly composed of inorganic content, such as calcite, kaolinite and talc, and organic content. Calcite was removed with acid washing and sulfur was impregnated into the sludge by immersing it into the K2S solution. The product with sulfur impregnation indicated higher removal abilities for lead and nickel than those without sulfur impregnation.

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Functionalized Porous Clay Heterostructure for Heavy Metal Adsorption from Wastewater

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.55-57.617 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 55-57 ◽

pp. 617-620 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

R. Tassanapayak ◽

Rathanawan Magaraphan ◽

H. Manuspiya

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Bentonite Clay ◽

Directed Assembly ◽

Average Pore ◽

Surface Areas ◽

Porous Clay Heterostructure ◽

Clay Layers ◽

Heavy Metal Adsorbent ◽

Adsorption Desorption

A wide variety of toxic metals and organic chemicals are discharged to the environment as industrial or laboratory wastes, causing serious water, air, and soil pollution. One of the interesting materials for using as the adsorbents to adsorb these pollutants in wastewater treatment is porous clay heterostructures (PCHs). These porous materials are obtained by the surfactant-directed assembly of mesostructured silica within clay layers. In the present work, the PCHs were synthesized within the galleries of Na-bentonite clay by the polymerization of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in surfactant templates (cetyltrimethylammonium ion and dodecylamine). These PCHs were functionalized with 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS) to obtain the MP-PCH utilizing as heavy metal adsorbent. According to N2 adsorption-desorption data, the results show that PCH has surface areas of 549.7 m2/g, an average pore diameter in the supermicropore to small mesopore range of 3.16 nm, and a pore volume of 0.45 cc/g, while MP-PCH shows pore parameters of 488.7 m2/g, 3.28 nm, and 0.48 cc/g, respectively. Moreover, the MP-PCH was investigated the adsorption properties which concerned with their function as adsorbents for aqueous solution. The results show that the adsorption capacity of MP-PCH was 0.22, 0.24, 0.50 , 0.48 and 0.11 mmol/g for Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni and Pb, respectively. They point out the potential for utilizing as the heavy metal adsorbents in wastewater treatment.

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Pengambilan senyawa polisakarida ekstraseluler dari mikroorganisme dalam lumpur aktif sebagai adsorben logam berat

Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia ◽

10.5614/jtki.2006.5.2.7 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 453

Author(s):

H Haryono ◽

Tjandra Setiadi

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Activated Sludge ◽

Extraction Method ◽

Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽

Research Result ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Average Maximum ◽

Heavy Metal Adsorbent ◽

Main Component

Extracellular polysaccaride extraction from activated sludge microorganism as heavy-metal adsorbent. Microorganisms in the form of bioagregate are the main component of activated sludge. It generally has an ability to produce EPS (extracellular polymeric substances). The important components in EPS are polysaccharides and proteins. EPS recovery from the activated sludge may be done by many extraction methods. Six of the extraction methods to extract EPS from the activated sludge have been studied in this research, such are: Middle Speed Centrifugation, Regular Centrifugation, NaOH Extraction, EDTA Extraction, Steaming Extraction and Sonication. EPS solution in the following step would be tested its performances as adsorbent of copper heavy metal. The research result shows that the best extraction method for EPS extraction was NaOH Extraction method. The amount of the polysaccharides obtained was 18,09 mg EPS/g TSS. On other hand, Steaming Extraction was the most ineffective extraction method. This method gives the polysaccharides result in the least amount, i.e., about 4,96 mg EPS/g TSS. In this research, the protein content was not detected in the all used EPS solution. In the adsorption test, the adsorption phenomena of copper metal with EPS adsorbent fitted to the Freundlich isotherm adsorption equation. The values of Freundlich's a constant (k and n) each were 2,282 and 0,963. The average maximum adsmption capaciry of EPS to metal Cu was 88,34 mg Cu/gEPS.Keywords: Adsorption, Heavy Metal, Activated Sludge, Extraction Methods, Polysaccharides Extracellular, Copper.AbstrakMikroorganisme dalam bentuk bioagregat adalah merupakan penyusun utama lumpur aktif, memiliki sifat umum yaitu dalam kemampuannya memproduksi SPE (Senyawa Polimer Ekstraselluler). Komponen utama dari SPE adalah polisakarida dan protein. Pengambilan SPE dari bioagregat dapat dilakukan dengan banyak metode ekstraksi.Pada penelitian ini telah dipelajari karakteristik enam metode ekstraksi, yaitu: Sentrifugasi Kecepatan Sedang, Sentrifugasi Reguler, Ekstraksi dengan NaOH. Ekstraksi dengan EDTA, Ekstraksi dengan Pemanasan dan Sonikasi. Larutan SPE yang diperoleh, kemudian diuji kinerjanya sebagai adsorben logam berat tembaga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode ekstraksi terbaik adalah metode Ekstraksi dengan NaOH, dengan perolehan polisakarida sebesar 18,09 mg/g TSS. Sedangkan Ekstraksi dengan pemanasan merupakan metode ekstraksi yang paling tidak efektif dengan perolehan polisakarida paling sedikit, yaitu sekitar 4,96 mg/g TSS. Pada penelitian ini tidak dijumpai adanya protein di dalam larutan SPE dari semua metode ekstraksi yang diterapkan. Pada uji adsorpsi, peristiwa adsorpsi logam Cu dengan larutan SPE lebih mengikuti persamaan adsorpsi isoterm Freundlich dengan harga konstanta k dan n masing-masing sebesar 2,282 dan 0,963. Kapasitas adsorpsi maksimum rata-rata SPE terhadap logam Cu adalah sebesar 88,34 mg Cu/g SPE.Kata kunci: Adsorpsi, Logam Berat, Lumpur Aktif, Metode Ekstraksi, Polisakarida Ekstraselluler, Tembaga.

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