Evaluation of Durum Wheat Genotypes under Normal Irrigation and Drought Stress Conditions

AbstractBreeding for drought tolerance using novel genetic resources possessing relevant agronomic and adaptive traits is a key to enhance productivity and food security in wheat growing areas. Herein, the main objectives were (i) to use a combination scoring index (multiple scoring index, (MSI)) for selection of durum wheat genotypes under different drought stress intensities (SIs) (ii) to examine repeatability of the scoring index through bootstrap re-sample method, and (iii) to study the relationship of MSI with some drought-adaptive traits. Sixteen durum wheat genotypes were grown under rainfed and irrigated conditions during three cropping seasons (2012–2015), resulting in different drought SIs, that is, mild (SI < 0.3), moderate (0.3 < SI < 0.6), and severe (SI > 0.6). The average grain yields among test environments varied between 708 and 3631 kg ha−1. The validation of the methodology of scoring index was confirmed by the correlation coefficients between score indices and their original values across different drought SIs. According to MSI, the genotypes G16, G1, and G3 had the best combination of high productivity and high resilience to mild, moderate, and severe drought stress conditions, respectively. These results indicated that the ranking of genotypes varied among different drought SIs, which support the high potential of durum wheat for adaptation to different drought stress conditions. Based on the bootstrap samples, non-repeatable correlations were observed between the estimates of MSI from different levels of stress. The significant correlation between MSI with grain yield and 1000-kernel weight (TKW) under severe drought condition provides evidence that MSI ultimately be considered as a tool for effective selection of drought-tolerant genotypes. The MSI selected genotypes based on high productivity and resilience, to each level of drought SI, and favorable adaptive traits useful for breeding.

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Behavior of durum wheat genotypes under normal irrigation and drought stress conditions in the greenhouse

AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY ◽

10.5897/ajb11.2370 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mostafa Ahmadizadeh

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Wheat Genotypes

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Study of Durum Wheat Genotypes' Response to Drought Stress Conditions

Helix ◽

10.29042/2020-10-5-98-103 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 98-103

Author(s):

Majid Khayatnezhad ◽

Roza Gholamin

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Wheat Genotypes

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Determination of the best indirect selection criteria in Iranian durum wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under irrigated and drought stress conditions

Genetika ◽

10.2298/gensr1502549g ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 549-558 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ahmad Golparvar ◽

Mohammad Gheisari ◽

Davoud Naderi ◽

Ali Mehrabi ◽

Amin Hadipanah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Total Variation ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Stress Condition ◽

Spike Density ◽

Plant Seed ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Drought Stress Condition ◽

Yield Factor

In order to evaluate and classify morphological and morpho-physiological traits of durum wheat genotypes in drought and irrigated conditions 200 durum wheat genotypes were sown in modify augmented design with four replications during 2013- 2014 farming season. Two replications were considered as drought condition and two as irrigated. Factor analysis based on principal component analysis method and varimax rotation indicated that four important factors accounted for about 87 and 92 percent of the total variation among traits in drought and irrigated conditions, respectively. In drought stress condition, the first factor assigned 37 percent of total variation between traits and was significantly related with spike yield and it?s components. Therefore, this factor was regarded as spike seed yield factor. Other factors in drought stress condition accounted for 22, 16 and 12 percent of variation between traits and were entitled as plant seed yield, spike density and assimilate transmission factors, respectively. In irrigated condition, the first factor assigned 36 percent of total variation between traits and was significantly related with traits plant and spike seed yield, plant and spike harvest index, No. seed/spike and plant height. This factor was regarded as plant seed yield factor. Other factors in irrigated condition accounted for 24, 18 and 14 percent of variation between traits and were entitled as production, assimilate transmission and spike density factors, respectively. Overall, results revealed effect of different environments on extracted factors, percent of variation accounted for by factors and traits related with each factor.

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Effects of Drought Stress on Some Agronomic and Morpho-Physiological Traits in Durum Wheat Genotypes

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12145610 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (14) ◽

pp. 5610

Author(s):

Alireza Pour-Aboughadareh ◽

Reza Mohammadi ◽

Alireza Etminan ◽

Lia Shooshtari ◽

Neda Maleki-Tabrizi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Grain Filling ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Grain Filling Period

Durum wheat performance in the Mediterranean climate is limited when water scarcity occurs before and during anthesis. The present research was performed to determine the effect of drought stress on several physiological and agro-morphological traits in 17 durum wheat genotypes under two conditions (control and drought) over two years. The results of analysis of variance indicated that the various durum wheat genotypes responded differently to drought stress. Drought stress significantly reduced the grain filling period, plant height, peduncle length, number of spikes per plot, number of grains per spike, thousand grains weight, grain yield, biomass, and harvest index in all genotypes compared to the control condition. The heatmap-based correlation analysis indicated that grain yield was positively and significantly associated with phenological characters (days to heading, days to physiological maturity, and grain filling period), as well as number of spikes per plant, biomass, and harvest index under drought conditions. The yield-based drought and susceptible indices revealed that stress tolerance index (STI), geometric mean productivity (GMP), mean productivity (MP), and harmonic mean (HM) were positively and significantly correlated with grain yields in both conditions. Based on the average of the sum of ranks across all indices and a three-dimensional plot, two genotypes (G9 and G12) along with the control variety (G1) were identified as the most tolerant genotypes. Among the investigated genotypes, the new breeding genotype G12 showed a high drought tolerance and yield performance under both conditions. Hence, this genotype can be a candidate for further multi-years and locations test as recommended for cultivation under rainfed conditions in arid and semi-arid regions.

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