scholarly journals Determination of Potassium Levels in Bananas Using an Optical Sensor with a Flat and Concave Mirror Plane

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Mohammad Budiyanto ◽  
Muhamad Arif Mahdiannur ◽  
Wahyu Budi Sabtiawan ◽  
Tutut Nurita ◽  
Elok Sudibyo
Keyword(s):  
Optical Sensor ◽  
The Body ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Mirror Reflection ◽  
Mirror Plane ◽  
Banana Fruit ◽  
Plane Mirror ◽  
Concave Mirror ◽  
Green Banana ◽  
Reflection Plane

Potassium is a nutrient that plays a role in maintaining the function of the muscles and nerves that control the heart and is needed for body stability. The potassium content in the body can be obtained from foods such as bananas. The development of instruments and methods that are developed to obtain a more accurate measurement of potassium concentration requires an instrument that has high linearity and sensitivity. The instrument is in the form of an optical sensor system equipped with the use of optical fibers to guide the waveform to maintain its intensity stability. In this study, an experimental method was conducted with a sample of a standard solution with potassium as the solute and pure water as the solvent. Then continue to measurements on samples of banana milk and green banana fruit extracts. The results of the analysis of the measurement data using an optical sensor with a concave mirror reflection plane obtained a sensitivity of 0.36 mV/ppm and a linearity of 82.56%. In the plane of the flat mirror reflection, obtained an optical sensor with a plane mirror reflection plane shows a sensitivity of 0.12 mV/ppm and a linearity of 97.6%. The highest and most accurate linearity value is found in the plane mirror plane results. The next stage is the result of the maximum output voltage read on the optical detector through an optical sensor with a sample of extracts of milk banana and green banana. The results of data analysis on the linear equation with the highest linearity obtained the potassium content in milk bananas of 391.54 ppm and the green banana extract solution obtained 307.91 ppm, so it can be concluded that the potassium content in milk bananas is higher than green bananas with a linearity of more than 97%.

Geographic expansion of banana Blood disease in Southeast Asia

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Denise Ray ◽  
Siti Subandiyah ◽  
Vivian A Rincon-Florez ◽  
Ady B Prakoso ◽  
Wayan I Mudita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Banana Fruit ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Banana Production ◽  
Blood Disease ◽  
Infection Source ◽  
Banana Variety ◽  
Green Banana

Blood disease in bananas caused by Ralstonia syzygii subsp. celebesensis is a bacterial wilt causing significant crop losses in Indonesia and Malaysia. Disease symptoms include wilting of the plant and red brown vascular staining, internal rot, and discoloration of green banana fruit. There is no known varietal resistance to this disease in the Musa genus, although variation in susceptibility has been observed, with the popular Indonesian cooking banana variety Kepok being highly susceptible. This study established the current geographic distribution of Blood disease in Indonesia and confirmed the pathogenicity of isolates by Koch's Postulates. The long-distance distribution of the disease followed an arbitrary pattern indicative of human-assisted movement of infected banana materials. In contrast, local or short distance spread radiated from a single infection source, indicative of dispersal by insects and possibly contaminated tools, water or soil. The rapid expansion of its geographical range makes Blood disease an emerging threat to banana production in Southeast Asia and beyond.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF MALTODEXTRIN RATIO TO KLUTUK BANANA FRUIT EXTRACT (MUSA BALBISIANA COLLA) COMBINED WITH ITS PSEUDOSTEM EXTRACT ON ANTI-DYSENTERY GRANULE PERFORMANCE AND EFFECTIVITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Sri Agung Fitri Kusuma ◽  
Soraya Ratnawulan Mita ◽  
Ratna Fitria Ermawati
Keyword(s):  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Banana Fruit ◽  
Banana Plant ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Musa Balbisiana ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Dried Fruit

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the best ratio of maltodextrin and extract concentration on performance of anti-dysentery granule containing Klutuk banana fruit extract (Musa balbisiana Colla) as an effective antimicrobial to treat dysentery caused by Shigella dysenteriae and combined with its pseudostem extract to supply potassium needed for supporting dehydration impact caused by dysentery.Methods: The dried fruit and pseudostem of the Klutuk banana plant were each extracted by maceration method. Each granule formula was optimized in different ratio of extract and maltodextrin concentration (1:2 (F1); 1:3 (F2); and 1:4 (F3) respectively. Then, the anti-shigellosis granule were formulated using the wet granulation method and evaluated for 30 d. The appearance of the granule, weight variation, loss on drying value, flowability, granule solubility, disintegration time, pH, and anti-dysentery activity of each formula was observed. The potassium content determination of each granule formula was done using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer method. Results: All formulated granules showed good flow properties and antidysentery activity. Concerning to the solubility, maltodextrin addition showed the increasing solubility of all formulated granule. The F3 achieved the best-improved granule characteristic and had good anti-dysentery effectivity, but had the lowest potassium content (0.362 g/l) among all formulas. The potassium content of F1 and F2 were 0.625 g/l and 0.444 g/l, respectively. Conclusion: Maltodextrin can improve the usefulness of granule that containing the Klutuk banana fruit and its pseudostem extracts in dysentery treatment and the dehydration impact.

scholarly journals Increase Banana Production with Various Applications of Organic Fertilizers

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
I Nyoman Sunarta ◽  
Ni Made Trigunasih
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Banana Fruit ◽  
Banana Plant ◽  
Random Group ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Banana Production ◽  
Chicken Waste

Banana is a fruit that must be present in every activity of the Balinese people. Almost in every cultural and religious activity it is compulsory to present the banana fruit, even more Bali as a tourism area really need fruits including bananas. Therefore the need of bananas is highly demanded in traditional markets or supermarkets in Bali. Until now, the banana production in Bali is far below demand, therefore we still import form places outside of Bali. Banana has a high nutrient value due to nutrients found in it such as potassium and folic acid that is needed by the body. It is also a good so urce of calcium, phosphor, nitrogen, and vitamins such as vitamin A, vitamin C, and B complexes which helps to repair and regenerate tissues of the body. Banana plants can grow in many places, from low grounds until highlands and in various types of soil. Nevertheless for the optimal growth; fertile soil, crumbly thick, lots of humus, aeration, and a good drainage as well as enough water is all needed. By optimizing land use, banana plants are often planted as a sideline plant for plantatio n of coconut, cocoa, and coffee, as well as sideline plants for many other in-between plantations. The way of planting the banana is a conventional method that is commonly used by local farmers including those in the Angkah village. For growth of banana plants we must consider and ensure before planting a crumbly soil when it is solid, to make drainage, and to make levels in slopes. During plantation organic/compost fertilizers is needed as much as 15-20 kg for each hole for plantation. Organic fertilizers that are added influences the good production for both quantity and quality which makes the fruit tastier and has a higher nutritional value. There are some types of organic fertilizers that are used in this research that are: cow waste organic fertilizer, chicken waste organic fertilizer, pig waste organic fertilizer, goat waste organic fertilizer, and compost fertilizer with a dosage of 15 kg per plant. The placement of fertilizers for each places of treatment is conducted b y using a Random Group Design (RGD). The total treatments are 6 and are repeated 3 times. Planting is conduct ed on the 7th of July 2016 with a ground hole size of 60cmx60cm and a depth of 50 cm. The seedlings that are used are decedents that are 50-65cm in height. The specific aim that is wished to be achieved is the increase production of banana as sustainable food in Indonesia. The result up to the progress of this research was found that treatment with chicken waste fertilizer has given the best influence for growth of the banana plant, increased number of leaves, as well as increased height of the plants, all compared to the controlled. The increment of banana plant with chicken waste fertilizer was 63.33 cm for 3 months.Keywords: Banana, Nutritional Values, Production, Organic Fertilizer

Skeletal muscle sodium and potassium changes after successful surgery in acromegaly: relation to body composition, blood glucose, plasma insulin and blood pressure

1993 ◽  
Vol 128 (5) ◽  
pp. 418-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Landin ◽  
Björn Petruson ◽  
Karl-Erik Jakobsson ◽  
Bengt-Åke Bengtsson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Total Body

The aim of this study was to investigate the skeletal muscle sodium/potassium (Na/K) ratio in acromegaly before and 1 year after trans-sphenoidal removal of a growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenoma. Muscle biopsies were taken and skeletal muscle electrolytes, body composition, glucose, insulin and blood pressure were studied. Fasting blood glucose and plasma insulin levels, but not blood pressure, were higher in acromegalic patients (N = 9) than in controls (N = 6). The skeletal muscle potassium content was higher (p <0.01) but the sodium content and the Na/K ratio were lower (p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively) in untreated patients with acromegaly as compared to weight-matched healthy controls. Elevated GH, glucose and insulin levels normalized after surgery. Blood pressure remained unchanged. The total body potassium content, the lean body mass and the total body water content decreased and the body fat content increased while the body weight was unchanged. The skeletal muscle potassium content decreased from [median (range)] 9.8 (9.2–11.5) to 7.7 (5.7–9.5) mmol/100 g wet wt (p<0.001). The skeletal muscle sodium content increased from 2.8 (2.5–3.9) to 5.1 (4.3–6.7) mmol/100 g wet wt (p<0.001) and the Na/K ratio increased from 0.28 (0.26–0.38) to 0.56 (0.51–1.18) (p< 0.001) after surgery, which is a higher level than the controls with a Na/K ratio of 0.47 (0.39–0.84) (p<0.01). These changes seem to be mediated by a decreased GH effect on the Na/K pump after successful trans-sphenoidal surgery in acromegaly.

scholarly journals Ethylene Production by Slices of Green Banana Fruit and Potato Tuber Tissue During The Development of Induced Respiration

1969 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 489 ◽  
Author(s):  
WB Mcglasson
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Underground Storage ◽  
Banana Fruit ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Tissue Slices ◽  
Tuber Tissue ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Storage Organs ◽  
Green Banana

It is well known that injury and infection by disease organisms may stimulate ethylene production by plant tissues (Williamson 1950; Burg 1962; McGlasson and Pratt 1964). The increased ethylene production which results from injury in fruit tissues may hasten the onset of a respiratory climacteric. This response, which has been observed in slices cut from three-quarter-grown cantaloupe fruit, may herald the commencement of physiological changes leading to natural ripening (McGlasson and Pratt 1964). However, in underground storage tissues, stimulated ethylene production may be concerned with the mechanisms of wound healing (Stahmann, Clare, and Woodbury 1966; Imaseki, Uchiyama, and Uritani 1968). The phenomenon of induced respiration in tissue slices of bulky underground storage organs has been known for many years (Laties 1967) and more recently it has been found to occur in sections or slices of other plant parts (ap Rees 1966). Palmer and McGlasson (1969) observed a similar rise in slices of green banana fruit which they considered to be a form of "induced" respiration.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF POTASSIUM CONTENT OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF BANANA FRUIT IN AN INDIAN DELTA IS THERE A CLINICAL RELEVANCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 3853-3855
Author(s):  
M R Suchitra
Keyword(s):  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Banana Fruit ◽  
Antihypertensive Medications ◽  
High Potassium ◽  
Uncomplicated Hypertension ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cauvery Delta ◽  
Potassium Binding

Banana fruit is one of the commonly taken foods in many parts of the world. The fruit is known for its high potassium content. We wished to study the potassium content of eleven types of ripe banana fruit available in the cauvery delta region of South India. We measured two values in each of the eleven types of banana fruit. We found the mean varied from 460.75mg/100gm in the Rasthali variety to 921.75 in the karpura valli variety. The potassium binding capacity of the soil and the fertilizers pumped may influence the values. The literature which presently describes the values between 200 to 400mg/100g cautions the use of bananas in patients taking antihypertensive medications like enalapril and in patients with renal dysfunction. Our study which shows the values to be double the described ones, will throw light on additional caution in such cases. We admit that there was no soil study in this work which can influence the potassium content. Before any dietetic advice on the intake of potassium, the bananas of the concerned geographical area and such high potassium values should be taken into account. When the needs to cater the patients of potassium arise in uncomplicated hypertension, the varieties karpuravalli and peyampalam can be considered.

scholarly journals BODY IDENTITY IN BOHUMIL HRABAL’S NOVEL “I SERVED THE KING OF ENGLAND”

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bokshan Halyna
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mirror Reflection ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Binary Opposition ◽  
History Of The Body ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Aesthetic

The purpose of the paper is to examine the specificity of the modeling of the character-narrator’s body identity in B. Hrabal’s novel “I Served the King of England”. Firstly it stresses on the body-centered nature of the narration in this literary work, in which the evolution of personality is represented as “a history of the body”. The study focuses on the techniques of restructurizing “the body scheme” and the manifestation of psychophysiological transgression caused by the existing “archetypal canons”. It traces the correlation of the semantics of the body identity with the aesthetic categories of the beautiful and the ugly and with gender differentiation. The paper also considers gastronomy as one of the aspects of bodiliness in B. Hrabal’s novel. It details the poetics of grotesque which manifests itself in the descriptions of the body emphasizing its objectiveness. The study looks at the Rabelaisian traditions followed by the writer in the depiction of the scenes connected with eating both everyday food and exotic dishes. The research underlines that the body in B. Hrabal’s novel is displayed as a genetic data medium, visualized through physical characteristics, that highlights the social arrangement of the body identity problems. It pays attention to the social function of a human face in archaic societies originally interpreted in the novel. The research determines the peculiarities of the space marking of the body in the literary work and its correlation with the binary opposition “top–bottom”. It looks at the formation of the body identity by means of a mirror reflection and the image of the double. The conclusions of the research emphasize the specificity of the modeling of the body identity in the novel of the Czech writer. The results of this scientific paper can be used in further research on B. Hrabal literary prose and in comparative studie

scholarly journals Vitamin-C and Mineral Composition Analysis of Some Fresh Vegetables in Patuakhali, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-88
Author(s):  
Sadman Sakib Sabuj ◽  
A. K. M. Faruk-E-Azam ◽  
Md. Shahidul Islam ◽  
Md. Nizam Uddin ◽  
Md. Nazrul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Chemistry Laboratory ◽  
Appreciable Amount ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Fresh Vegetables

Aims: This comparative study was carried out to evaluate the vitamin-C and mineral content of twenty-two different sorts of nutritious and low-cost fresh vegetables. Methodology: The study was conducted in the agricultural chemistry laboratory, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali during the period of January to June 2019. Vitamin C, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K), phosphorus (P) contents were determined with the flame emission spectrophotometer. Results: Vitamin-C was higher in Momordica charantia (87.0 mg/100 g) and lower in Vigna unguiculata (0.10 mg/100g). Calcium and magnesium of the green leafy vegetables were in the range of 191.0 - 12.0 mg/100g and 210.1- 9.0 mg/100g respectively. Sodium content largely varied from 58.1- 2.1 mg/100g in which Amaranthus cruentus content higher and Cucumis sativus had the lower content. The highest potassium content was recorded in Cucurbita pepo (384.0 mg/100g) and the lowest potassium content was found in Cucumis sativus (144.20 mg / 100g). Phosphorus content was ranged between 108.0 -13.0 mg /100 g in all the green leafy vegetables. There were significant correlations between mineral contents. Conclusion: These results revealed that selected vegetables contain an appreciable amount of vitamin C and minerals and should be included in diets as a supplement of daily allowance needed by the body.

Effect of Acute Removal of Potassium From the Body on Tissue Electrolytes

1958 ◽  
Vol 193 (3) ◽  
pp. 634-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yehia A. Habib ◽  
George C. Nichopoulos ◽  
Richard R. Overman
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Cardiac Muscle ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Extracellular Space ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Free Fluid ◽  
Blood Potassium

Following a 2-hour period of vividialysis against a potassium free fluid, the rate of loss of potassium from the blood of dogs was determined (using K42) as well as the electrolyte and water content of heart, liver and skeletal muscle. A significant increase in potassium content of cardiac muscle and in sodium content of liver was found. There was a definite decrease in the specific activity of muscle potassium as well as in the ratio of muscle to plasma specific activity. The rate of loss of blood potassium (K42 vascular slope) was diminished in animals in which an amount of potassium less than that originally present in the extracellular space was removed. The data exclude the heart, liver and skeletal muscle as the sites from which potassium removed in acute experiments was derived.

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