scholarly journals PHARMACOVIGILANCE

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1298-1304
Author(s):  
Huma Ali ◽  
Farya Zafar ◽  
Hina Hasnain ◽  
Sana Ahmed ◽  
Neelam Mallick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Pharmacovigilance System ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Paradigm Change ◽  
Essential Factor ◽  
Optimal Care ◽  
Medication Utilization ◽  
Improve Patient

The solution for safe and rational medication use to improve patient care aswell as to enhance public health status is Pharmacovigilance (PV). Optimal care of patientand appropriate medication utilization in secure way with respect to various conditions is animperative function of pharmacovigilance system. PV mainly involves in the adverse drugreactions (ADRs) identification, system of reporting, scrutinizes the effectiveness of treatment,reduces the adverse consequences to utmost level and guarantees the patient wellbeing.The safety of drug is highly essential factor when it comes from the healthcare provider to thepatient. For a drug to be successful in market, it is crucial for it to be efficacious as well as safeand secure for the patients. Hence, adherence toward pharmacovigilance activities and systemis now based on a paradigm change from care to safety.

scholarly journals Termination of wanted pregnancy and suicidal ideation in hyperemesis gravidarum: A mixed methods study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1753495X2110409
Author(s):  
Melanie Nana ◽  
Florence Tydeman ◽  
Georgie Bevan ◽  
Harriet Boulding ◽  
Kimberley Kavanagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Termination Of Pregnancy ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Optimal Care ◽  
Specialist Services ◽  
Timely Access ◽  
Improve Patient

Background Difficulty accessing medication and poor patient experience have been implicated as risk factors for termination of pregnancy and suicidal ideation in women with hyperemesis gravidarum. We aimed to gain further insight into these factors in order to further inform and improve patient care. Methods We performed a sub-analysis on quantitative data generated through a UK-wide survey of 5071 participants. A qualitative analysis of free text comments was performed using an inductive thematic approach. Results 41.2% % of women taking prescribed medications had to actively request them. ‘Extremely poor’ or ‘poor’ experiences were described in 39.4% and 30.0% of participants in primary and secondary care respectively. Protective factors for termination of pregnancy and suicidal ideation include holistic support from family, friends and healthcare providers. Conclusion Optimal care in hyperemesis gravidarum should incorporate timely access to pharmacotherapy, assessment of mental health, consideration of referral to specialist services and care being delivered in a compassionate manner.

scholarly journals Risk factors for 30-day unplanned readmission among patients undergoing laparotomy for perforation peritonitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Marwah ◽  
Priyanka Singla ◽  
Mahavir Singh ◽  
Himanshu Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Unplanned Readmission ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Optimal Care ◽  
Stoma Creation ◽  
Perforation Peritonitis ◽  
American Society ◽  
Improve Patient

Background: Unforeseen re-admissions are a consequence of natural course of patient’s disease or results from sub-optimal care during first admission. Apart from causing increased expenditure, readmission immensely adds to the distress of the patient as well as his relatives. The aim of the study was to assess the incidence and risk factors for 30-day unplanned readmission following emergency laparotomy for perforation peritonitis.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on 145 patients undergoing laparotomy for perforation peritonitis in over a period of two years. Various pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative parameters were studied to identify the risk factors for readmission.Results: Overall readmission rate was 8.96% and in majority of the cases it was due to post-surgical complications. Various factors found significant for readmission were American Society of Anaesthesiology (ASA) grade (p = 0.014) hypoproteinemia (p<0.001), diabetes mellitus (p = 0.001), immuno compromised status (p<0.001), stoma creation (p<0.001), blood transfusion (p = 0.022), renal complications and UTI (p = 0.027 each). On multivariate analysis, hypoproteinemia and stoma creation were found to be significant.Conclusions: Risk factors for readmission among surgical patients are multi-factorial. Taking appropriate steps can reduce the burden of readmission. Moreover decreasing the rate of surgical readmission represents an opportunity to improve patient care.

scholarly journals Clinical standards for the assessment, management and rehabilitation of post-TB lung disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 797-813
Author(s):  
G. B. Migliori ◽  
F. M. Marx ◽  
N. Ambrosino ◽  
E. Zampogna ◽  
H. S. Schaaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Patient Needs ◽  
Clinical Standards ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Local Setting ◽  
Improve Patient

BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence suggests that post-TB lung disease (PTLD) causes significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of these clinical standards is to provide guidance on the assessment and management of PTLD and the implementation of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR).METHODS: A panel of global experts in the field of TB care and PR was identified; 62 participated in a Delphi process. A 5-point Likert scale was used to score the initial ideas for standards and after several rounds of revision the document was approved (with 100% agreement).RESULTS: Five clinical standards were defined: Standard 1, to assess patients at the end of TB treatment for PTLD (with adaptation for children and specific settings/situations); Standard 2, to identify patients with PTLD for PR; Standard 3, tailoring the PR programme to patient needs and the local setting; Standard 4, to evaluate the effectiveness of PR; and Standard 5, to conduct education and counselling. Standard 6 addresses public health aspects of PTLD and outcomes due to PR.CONCLUSION: This is the first consensus-based set of Clinical Standards for PTLD. Our aim is to improve patient care and quality of life by guiding clinicians, programme managers and public health officers in planning and implementing adequate measures to assess and manage PTLD.

Analytical Methods for the Determination of Sartans in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Biological Fluids: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-222
Author(s):  
Miglena Smerikarova ◽  
Stanislav Bozhanov ◽  
Vania Maslarska
Keyword(s):  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
Therapeutic Doses ◽  
Reliable Methods ◽  
Improve Patient

Background: Sartans are mostly used as a part of combination with additional medicines in the therapy of essencial hypertension. Preferred combinations are ARB and thiazide diuretics (Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) and Chlorthalidone (CHL)) or ARB and calcium antagonists. The number of sartans mostly prescribed by specialists is only seven - Candesartan (CDS), Eprosartan (EPS), Irbesartan (IBS), Losartan (LOS), Olmesartan (OMS), Telmisartan (TMS) and Valsartan (VLS). Methods: The widespread use of sartans in the treatment of hypertension requires reliable methods of analysis. Bulk drugs and pharmaceutical preparations should be analyzed to ensure the quality of the medicinal products reaching patients. On the other hand, the analysis of drugs in biological fluids aims to trace and improve patient care by adjusting the therapeutic doses of drugs. According to our knowledge, a review devoted to the analysis of sartans was published in 2014. Results: Spectral methods are widely used in the analysis of bulk drugs and pharmaceutical dosage forms due to their relatively simple procedures, low reagent and sample consumption, speed, precision and accuracy combined with accessibility and comparatively low cost of common apparatus. Many papers for determination of sartans in bulk drugs and pharmaceutical preparations based on liquid chromatographic techniques were published in the available literature. Among these methods, HPLC takes the leading place but UPLC and HPTLC are also present. Conclusion: The widespread use of sartans in the treatment of hypertension requires reliable methods of analysis. Bulk drugs and pharmaceutical preparations should be analyzed to ensure the quality of the medicinal products reaching patients. On the other hand, the analysis of drugs in biological fluids aims to trace and improve patient care by adjusting the therapeutic doses of drugs. Since 2014, many articles have been published on the sartans analysis and this provoked our interest to summarize the latest applications in the analysis of sartans in pharmaceutical formulations and biological media. Articles published from 2014 to 2018 are covered.

scholarly journals How will artificial intelligence and bioinformatics change our understanding of IgA in the next decade?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman David Bülow ◽  
Daniel Dimitrov ◽  
Peter Boor ◽  
Julio Saez-Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Clinical Expertise ◽  
End Stage ◽  
The Complement System ◽  
Improve Patient ◽  
Generation Sequencing

AbstractIgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common glomerulonephritis. It is characterized by the deposition of immune complexes containing immunoglobulin A (IgA) in the kidney’s glomeruli, triggering an inflammatory process. In many patients, the disease has a progressive course, eventually leading to end-stage kidney disease. The current understanding of IgAN’s pathophysiology is incomplete, with the involvement of several potential players, including the mucosal immune system, the complement system, and the microbiome. Dissecting this complex pathophysiology requires an integrated analysis across molecular, cellular, and organ scales. Such data can be obtained by employing emerging technologies, including single-cell sequencing, next-generation sequencing, proteomics, and complex imaging approaches. These techniques generate complex “big data,” requiring advanced computational methods for their analyses and interpretation. Here, we introduce such methods, focusing on the broad areas of bioinformatics and artificial intelligence and discuss how they can advance our understanding of IgAN and ultimately improve patient care. The close integration of advanced experimental and computational technologies with medical and clinical expertise is essential to improve our understanding of human diseases. We argue that IgAN is a paradigmatic disease to demonstrate the value of such a multidisciplinary approach.

scholarly journals Bargain Hunting for Buffered Lidocaine: A Collaborative Discovery of Cost-saving Strategies That Can Improve Patient Care

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curtis L Simmons ◽  
Laura K Harper ◽  
Kathryn J Holst ◽  
Nathan J Brinkman ◽  
Christine U Lee
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Hospital Pharmacy ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Access Pricing ◽  
Bundled Payments ◽  
Improve Patient ◽  
Procedure Room

Abstract Buffered lidocaine is a local anesthetic option during percutaneous needle-directed procedures in the breast. At our institution, sodium bicarbonate (the buffer) is dispensed in volumes that frequently lead to medical waste and shortages. In this study, we describe how moving the buffering of lidocaine from the procedure room to our clinical hospital pharmacy results in a reduction in costs and improves satisfaction across the breast radiology department. While cost savings are difficult to tease out in practices that opt for bundled payments, we were able to access pricing and supply data and coordinate with our pharmacy to change our practice. Making these changes saves our practice $26 000 a year and allows us to continue to offer buffered lidocaine even during sodium bicarbonate shortages. This manuscript describes how these changes came about and their economic impact.

Sports Medicine and Artificial Intelligence: A Primer

2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652110086
Author(s):  
Prem N. Ramkumar ◽  
Bryan C. Luu ◽  
Heather S. Haeberle ◽  
Jaret M. Karnuta ◽  
Benedict U. Nwachukwu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Athlete Injury ◽  
Improve Patient ◽  
Applications Of Ai

Artificial intelligence (AI) represents the fourth industrial revolution and the next frontier in medicine poised to transform the field of orthopaedics and sports medicine, though widespread understanding of the fundamental principles and adoption of applications remain nascent. Recent research efforts into implementation of AI in the field of orthopaedic surgery and sports medicine have demonstrated great promise in predicting athlete injury risk, interpreting advanced imaging, evaluating patient-reported outcomes, reporting value-based metrics, and augmenting the patient experience. Not unlike the recent emphasis thrust upon physicians to understand the business of medicine, the future practice of sports medicine specialists will require a fundamental working knowledge of the strengths, limitations, and applications of AI-based tools. With appreciation, caution, and experience applying AI to sports medicine, the potential to automate tasks and improve data-driven insights may be realized to fundamentally improve patient care. In this Current Concepts review, we discuss the definitions, strengths, limitations, and applications of AI from the current literature as it relates to orthopaedic sports medicine.

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