scholarly journals Validation of Persian Translation of the Intercultural Sensitivity Scale Using Rasch Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Elahe Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Sensitivity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Standardized Residuals ◽  
Item Functioning ◽  
Improve Model ◽  
Undergraduate University Students ◽  
Negative Wording ◽  
Gender Differential ◽  
Positive Content

This study subjected the Intercultural Sensitivity scale consisting of 24 items to Rasch analysis in a sample of 200 participants. The scale was translated into Persian and administered to graduate and undergraduate university students. Analysis of data showed that there were no misfitting items. Furthermore, no item manifested gender differential item functioning (DIF). All the thresholds were ordered and respondents could distinguish well between categories of the scale. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) of standardized residuals revealed that there were two contrasts with eigenvalues above two.  Deleting positively and negatively loading items separately did not improve model fit. Thus, the content of items was investigated and it became clear that most of the positively loading items covered those items which have negative content and conversely, negatively loading items encompassed the items which have positive content. This brings about two psychometric dimensions in this scale. 1) Wording of the items revealed that the existence of items with negative wording in the scale results in statistical artifacts, and 2) The secondary dimension here could be interpreted to be an artifact of the wording. It was concluded that the scale is unidimensional and enjoys acceptable psychometric properties.

scholarly journals The Factor Structure and Rasch Analysis of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) Among Chinese Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chen ◽  
Yuxin Liang ◽  
Xingyu Yin ◽  
Xingrong Zhou ◽  
Rongfen Gao
Keyword(s):  
Rasch Analysis ◽  
Chinese Students ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Ego Resilience ◽  
Item Functioning ◽  
Point Measure ◽  
Unidimensional Structure

The Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) is a new one-dimensional scale used to measure fear of an individual about the COVID-19. Given the seriousness of the COVID-19 situation in China when our study was taking place, our aim was to translate and examine the applicability of the FCV-19S in Chinese students. The sample used for validation comprised 2,445 Chinese students. The psychometrical characteristics of the Chinese FCV-19S (FCV-19S-C) were tested using Rasch analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) proved the unidimensional structure of the model. Both infit and outfit mean square (MNSQ) values (0.69–1.31) and point-measure correlations (0.82–0.86) indicated a good model fit. Person-item separation and reliability values indicated good reliability of the scale. The person-item map revealed an acceptable level of match between the persons and the items. Differential item functioning of the FCV-19S-C showed no differences with respect to age or gender. FCV-19S-C scores were significantly associated with anxiety, stress, depression, ego-resilience, and general health. The FCV-19S-C was proven to be effective in measuring fear of Chinese students about the COVID-19.

scholarly journals The client satisfaction with device: a Rasch validation of the Arabic version in patients with upper and lower limb amputation

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadeel R. Bakhsh ◽  
Nilüfer Kablan ◽  
Walaa Alammar ◽  
Yaşar Tatar ◽  
Giorgio Ferriero
Keyword(s):  
Client Satisfaction ◽  
Item Difficulty ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Reliability Indices ◽  
Arabic Speakers ◽  
Item Fit ◽  
Item Functioning ◽  
Local Item Dependency

Abstract Background The Client Satisfaction with Devices (CSD) module of the Orthotics and Prosthetics Users’ Survey is an extensively used questionnaire that measures patients’ satisfaction with orthosis and prosthesis. However, the validated version for Arabic speakers (CSD-Ar) is only applicable for orthosis users. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric proprieties of the CSD-Ar for prosthetics users. Methods The study used a convenience sample of prosthesis users from Saudi Arabia and Turkey (N = 183), who completed the CSD-Ar. The collected data were analysed using Rasch analysis to evaluate item fit, reliability indices, item difficulty, local item dependency, and differential item functioning (DIF) using WINSTEPS version 4.6.1. Results Based on the analysis, the four-response Likert-scale was acceptable, as shown by the category functioning test, All eight items did achieve a fit to the Rasch Model [(infit) and (outfit) mean-square 0.75 to 1.3]. Person separation reliability was 0.76, and item separation reliability was 0.94. A principal component analysis (PCA) showed satisfactory unidimensionality and no local item dependency. The DIF analysis showed no notable dependency among items on participant characteristics in terms of age, gender, duration of use, country, and level of amputation. Conclusion This study contributes to the confidence of using CSD-Ar to evaluate users’ satisfaction with different prostheses, affirming the need for further refinement of the quality of the outcome measure.

Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Internal Consistency, Gender Differential Item Functioning and Discriminant Validity of the Fear of COVID-5 Scale Amidst Emerging Adult University Students in Mexico

2021 ◽  
pp. 003022282110162
Author(s):  
Adalberto Campo-Arias ◽  
Andrés Felipe Tirado-Otálvaro ◽  
Isabel Álvarez-Solorza ◽  
Carlos Arturo Cassiani-Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Differential Item Functioning ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Emerging Adult ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Item Functioning ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Gender Differential

The study aimed to perform confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, gender differential item functioning, and discriminant validity of the Fear of COVID-5 Scale in emerging adult students of a university in Mexico. Confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega), and gender differential item functioning were estimated (Kendall tau b correlation). The Fear of COVID-5 Scale showed a one-dimension structure (RMSEA = 0.07, CFI = 0.98, TLI = 0.96, and SRMR = 0.02), with high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha of 0.78 and McDonald's omega of 0.81), non-gender differential item functioning (Kendall tau b between 0.07 and 0.10), and significant discriminant validity (Higher scores for fear of COVID-19 were observed in high clinical anxiety levels). In conclusion, the Fear of COVID-5 Scale presents a clear one-dimension structure similar to a previous study.

scholarly journals Soil respiration on an aging managed heathland: identifying an appropriate empirical model for predictive purposes

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 3007-3038 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Kopittke ◽  
E. E. van Loon ◽  
A. Tietema ◽  
D. Asscheman
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Selection Procedures ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Experimental Planning ◽  
Improve Model ◽  
Level Model

Abstract. Heathlands are cultural landscapes which are managed through cyclical cutting, burning or grazing practices. Understanding the carbon (C) fluxes from these ecosystems provides information on the optimal management cycle time to maximise C uptake and minimise C output. The interpretation of field data into annual C loss values requires the use of soil respiration models. These generally include model variables related to the underlying drivers of soil respiration, such as soil temperature, soil moisture and plant activity. Very few studies have used selection procedures in which structurally different models are calibrated, then validated on separate observation datasets and the outcomes critically compared. We present thorough model selection procedures to determine soil heterotrophic (microbial) and autotrophic (root) respiration for a heathland chronosequence and show that soil respiration models are required to correct the effect of experimental design on soil temperature. Measures of photosynthesis, plant biomass, photosynthetically active radiation, root biomass, and microbial biomass did not significantly improve model fit when included with soil temperature. This contradicts many current studies in which these plant variables are used (but not often tested for parameter significance). We critically discuss a number of alternative ecosystem variables associated with soil respiration processes in order to inform future experimental planning and model variable selection at other heathland field sites. The best predictive model used a generalized linear multi-level model with soil temperature as the only variable. Total annual soil C loss from the young, middle and old communities was calculated to be 650, 462 and 435 g C m−2 yr−1, respectively.

scholarly journals GENDER DIFFERENTIAL ITEM FUNCTIONING IN SLOVAK VERSION OF INTELLIGENCE STRUCTURE TEST 2000 - REVISED

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal KOHÚT ◽  
◽  
Peter HALAMA ◽  
Vladimír DOČKAL ◽  
Peter ŽITNÝ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Item Functioning ◽  
Item Functioning ◽  
Gender Differential ◽  
Structure Test

A Multimarket Analysis of Inter-dependent Consumer Response Sensitivities

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhir Voleti
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
Consumer Response ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Improve Model ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Distribution Free Approach ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
Market Areas ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractWe investigate variation in aggregate consumer response sensitivities to the price, promotion and distribution elements of the marketing mix across US metropolitan markets. Primarily, three questions of research interest are examined – (i) the nature of the relationship between different aggregate response sensitivities and the implications therein, (ii) the usefulness of aggregate area-wide macroeconomic indicators such as inflation, unemployment and poverty in the context of a marketing problem, and (iii) the usefulness of geo-spatial information under a distribution-free approach. Beer category sales data across 49 major US metropolitan markets are analyzed. We find a pattern of strong inter-dependence among aggregate response sensitivities that indicates the existence of distinct, non-overlapping consumer segments. This enables a characterization of metropolitan market areas at an aggregate level. Ignoring inter-dependence mis-characterizes response sensitivity in two-thirds of the markets sampled. Further, on a standalone basis, neither area-wide economic indicators nor geo-spatial information help the analysis, but in conjunction, they vastly improve model fit (by almost 40%), explained variance (by over twice), parameter significance and consequently, insight.

scholarly journals Methods for prioritizing protected areas using individual and aggregate rankings

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Carvalho ◽  
Kerry A Brown ◽  
Adam D Gordon ◽  
Gabriel U Yesuf ◽  
Marie Jeanne Raherilalao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
Standardized Residuals

AbstractDespite their legal protection status, protected areas (PAs) can benefit from priority ranks when ongoing threats to their biodiversity and habitats outpace the financial resources available for their conservation. It is essential to develop methods to prioritize PAs that are not computationally demanding in order to suit stakeholders in developing countries where technical and financial resources are limited. We used expert knowledge-derived biodiversity measures to generate individual and aggregate priority ranks of 98 mostly terrestrial PAs on Madagascar. The five variables used were state of knowledge (SoK), forest loss, forest loss acceleration, PA size and relative species diversity, estimated by using standardized residuals from negative binomial models of SoK regressed onto species diversity. We compared our aggregate ranks generated using unweighted averages and principal component analysis (PCA) applied to each individual variable with those generated via Markov chain (MC) and PageRank algorithms. SoK significantly affected the measure of species diversity and highlighted areas where more research effort was needed. The unweighted- and PCA-derived ranks were strongly correlated, as were the MC and PageRank ranks. However, the former two were weakly correlated with the latter two. We recommend using these methods simultaneously in order to provide decision-makers with the flexibility to prioritize those PAs in need of additional research and conservation efforts.

scholarly journals Measuring adolescent attitudes towards dementia: The revalidation and refinement of the A-ADS

2020 ◽  
pp. 135910532095347
Author(s):  
Nicolas Farina ◽  
Alys W Griffiths ◽  
Laura J Hughes ◽  
Sahdia Parveen
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Adolescent Attitudes ◽  
Good Internal Consistency

The A-ADS is one the first validated measures of attitudes of dementia in adolescents, though further validation is needed. 630 adolescents were recruited from secondary schools in England. A Principal Component Analysis was completed ( n = 230) followed by a Confirmatory Factor Analysis ( n = 400). Reducing the A-ADS into a single factor, 13-item measure (Brief A-ADS) improved the model fit of the measure (χ2 = 182.75, DF = 65, CMIN/DF = 2.81, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.90, RMSEA = 0.07). The scale demonstrated good internal consistency, good predictive and concurrent validity. Building on the validation of the A-ADS, the Brief A-ADS is suitable to capture attitudes towards dementia amongst adolescents.

Development of a Short-Form of the Medication Management Test: Evaluation of Dimensionality, Reliability, Information and Measurement Equivalence Using Latent Variable Models

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-511
Author(s):  
Jeanne A. Teresi ◽  
Katja Ocepek-Welikson ◽  
Mildred Ramirez ◽  
Robert Fieo ◽  
Terry Fulmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Independent Living ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Measurement Equivalence ◽  
Medication Management ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Reliability Estimates ◽  
Item Functioning ◽  
Essential Unidimensionality ◽  
The Impact

Background and Purpose: The Medication Management Test (MMT) measures higher cognitive functioning. The aim of the analyses presented was to reduce assessment burden by developing a short-form version, and describe its psychometric properties. Methods: Factor analyses, item response theory (IRT), and differential item functioning (DIF) were performed to examine the dimensionality, reliability information, and measurement equivalence. Results: The ratio of the first two extracted eigenvalues from the exploratory principal component analysis was 7.62, indicating essential unidimensionality. Although one item “needs prompting for pill regime” evidenced DIF above the threshold for education and race/ethnicity, the magnitude was relatively small and the impact minimal. IRT-based reliability estimates were high (>0.80) across all subgroups. Conclusions: Because medication management is an important task associated with independent living, it is critical to assess whether medications can be self-administered safely.

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