scholarly journals Postsecondary Instructors’ Reflective Teaching Practices Pertaining to Gender Differences and Teaching Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Norah Almusharraf ◽  
Asma Almusharraf
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Reflective Practice ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Reflective Teaching ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Reflective Practices ◽  
Academic Degree

Reflection and reflective practices are integral to teacher education; therefore, this study contributes to the growing literature on reflective practice by uncovering gender differences. The study explored the influence of gender differences and teaching experience on postsecondary instructors' conscious reflective teaching practice, using a survey of 226 male and 207 female EFL instructors working in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The results indicated that females scored higher than males on the total English Language Teaching Reflection Inventory (ELTRI) scores, except on the critical factor of the ELTRI, where males outperformed. The results also revealed that experienced instructor participants had a significantly higher score on the total ELTRI than novice instructor participants. The study proposes a tangible, flexible resource for reflective practices of applied, cognitive, affective, metacognitive, and critical reflection, and offers assistance to counter gender differences. The study recommends designing guides with effective and valid instruments for fostering reflective teaching practices. Policymakers in higher institutions should prepare systematic programs and provide remedial resources and events for instructors to target the most challenging areas for both genders. Future research should also consider other factors, such as the academic degree, cultural background, and linguistic differences that might affect the instructors' knowledge and reflective practice.

scholarly journals Contemporary teachers' action research: Basis for the development of reflective practice in education

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-366
Author(s):  
Jelena Osmanović-Zajić ◽  
Jelena Maksimović
Keyword(s):  
Reflective Practice ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Diagnostic Skills ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Years Of Teaching Experience ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Qualitative Changes

A reflective practitioner is an active individual who explores the possibilities of solving problems in practice and who is characterised by being reflectively open to reexamining their own opinion. The authors of this paper start from the premise that the process of education, however consistent and well-founded it may be, is exposed to constant inspection and improvement. The aim of this research is to identify the teachers' skills needed for conducting action researches. This goal is accomplished by examining the possibility of connecting action researches with teachers' reflective practice. The methods used are the descriptive method, scaling technique and the Likert-type scale (AIRP). This scale examines the teachers' skills for conducting action researches and is based on five factors extracted by the factor analysis: diagnostic skills, attitudes towards action researches, data collecting skills, practical skills and skills needed for conducting action researches. This study involved 305 respondents from the territory of the Republic of Serbia. The obtained results show statistically significant differences between the teachers with long teaching experience and those with a few years of teaching experience, p<0.05. This research represents an attempt to change the current practice at the micro level with the purpose of initiating qualitative changes and improving teaching practice by means of action researches. Therefore, it will be possible to induce changes at the meso and macro level of the system of education.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF ATTITUDE TOWARDS REFLECTIVE TEACHING PRACTICE (RTP) SCALE

2020 ◽  
pp. 337-348
Author(s):  
Karuna K Simha ◽  
Umme Kulsum
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Teacher Educators ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Fundamental Principle ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Reflective Teaching ◽  
Reflective Practitioners ◽  
The Government

The NCF-2005, NCFTE-2009 and the New Education Policy-2020 recommend teachers to be reflective practitioners. The realization of the concept of reflective teaching practice helps us to openly accept the new changes that are brought about by the education system and enables us to progress towards the betterment of the education system. The fundamental principle of teacher education is to be on reflective teaching model. As the reflective practice has been introduced more recently, there has been a shift in the approaches of teaching from teacher centeredness to learner centeredness. Adapting to the novel changes requires a mind-set to acknowledge the changes and evolve according to the need. It also involves likes and dislikes which can be rightly called attitudes. It is helpful to know the level of attitude of teachers, so as to provide them with required training, motivation and support. This helps the teachers also to change their attitudes towards reflective teaching. The measurement of attitude towards reflective teaching practices enables the teacher-educators, the educationists and the government to design programmes to help teachers develop a positive attitude to the new recommendations. It also helps the teacher education institutions to inculcate the positive attitudes towards the reflective teaching so as to prepare the entrant teachers to become reflective practitioners. Hence the attitude scale was constructed. The main purpose of the attitude scale is to measure and quantify the attitude towards reflective teaching practices. The reflective teaching practice scale was developed based on Likert scale construction procedures. The theoretical framework was adopted from the Pollard’s Reflective Teaching.

scholarly journals Engaging EFL Teachers in Reflective Practice as A Way to Pursue Sustained Professional Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Joko Nurkamto ◽  
Teguh Sarosa
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Reflective Practice ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
English Teachers ◽  
Reflective Teaching ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Teacher Professional ◽  
Field Notes

<p>Reflective practice has become a significant aspect in determining good teaching and learning practices and is an important part of professional practice and professional growth. However, English teachers in Indonesia has not been able to perform reflection on their teaching in order to improve their teaching practice. This study reports the results of an intensive training held by PKM UNS to help teachers develop a reflective teaching habit. The participants were 30 English teachers of Islamic Senior High School in Solo Raya. Observation field notes and teacher assignments were used as the main data collection method. From this program, it was found that the English teachers encountered plethora of challenges in developing reflective practice due to their lack of understanding of reflective teaching. However, the teachers show an improvement in implementing reflective teaching strategies after their participation in the training. Recommendations to include reflective practices in teacher professional development programs is drawn based on the findings.</p>

scholarly journals Student Teachers’ Development of Reflective Practice concerning Teaching Philosophy and Peer Observations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Mansour Almusharraf
Keyword(s):  
Student Teachers ◽  
Reflective Practice ◽  
Teacher Educators ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Teacher Education Program ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Teaching Philosophy ◽  
Peer Observation ◽  
Peer Observations

This study examined the effect of utilizing e-portfolio reflection-enhancing tasks in a practicum course on developing student teachers' level of reflection. It sought to answer how engaging EFL student teachers in writing a teaching philosophy and peer observation affect their understanding of and appreciation for reflective practice and its influence on developing their reflection level and teaching performance. A mixed-methods study design was implemented where both quantitative and qualitative data were collected within this study. Eight female Saudi student teachers enrolled in a teacher education program at a public university in Saudi Arabia participated in this study while completing an 11-week teaching practicum course at a public secondary school in Riyadh. Each participant was tasked with completing a teaching philosophy and six peer observations with other participants within the study. Each task was analyzed for its reflection level based on a rubric developed by El- Okda (2009). Data were also collected through a semi-structured interview with each of the participants. This study demonstrated that while the participants struggled throughout the practicum to develop a cogent teaching philosophy, their level of reflection for the peer observation tasks improved throughout the teaching practice. Their enthusiasm for these tasks and the process of reflection itself was very positive. The results of this study will help teacher educators to create an informative account of reflection in teaching practice programs in ways that encourage reflective practice among student teachers. Future research could continue to explore more reflective tasks that encourage reflection among student teachers.

scholarly journals EFL Teachers' Reflective Teaching, Use of Motivational Strategies, and Their Sense of Efficacy

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mania Nosratinia ◽  
Zahra Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Rank Order ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Reflective Teaching ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Motivational Strategies ◽  
Sense Of Efficacy ◽  
Years Of Teaching Experience ◽  
Efl Teachers ◽  
Order Coefficient ◽  
The Relationship

The present study aimed at systematically investigating the relationship among EFL teachers' Reflective Teaching (RT), Use of Motivational Strategies (UMS), and Sense of Efficacy (SE). The participants of the study were 194 male and female EFL teachers, between 20 to 30 years of age (Mage = 25) and with 1 to 10 years of teaching experience. The participants were asked to fill out three questionnaires: the RT questionnaire by Akbari, Behzadpour, and Dadvand (2010), the questionnaire of UMS by Cheng and Dörnyei (2007), and the questionnaire of SE by Tschannen-Moran and Woolfolk Hoy (2001). Analyzing the data through running the non-parametric Spearman's rank order coefficient of correlation indicated that there was a significant and positive correlation between RT and UMS, RT and SE, and between UMS and SE. Furthermore, running a multiple regression analysis revealed that RT could more significantly predict the SE among EFL teachers. Regarding the limitations and drawing upon the findings, the article concludes with some pedagogical implications and some avenues for future research.

scholarly journals Reflective Practice on Movie Scene Performances: Exploring Our Teacher Efficacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 296
Author(s):  
John Bankier ◽  
Joshua Antle
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Efficacy ◽  
University Students ◽  
Reflective Practice ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Effective Teacher ◽  
Collaborative Dialogue ◽  
Japanese University ◽  
Teaching Outcomes

Reflective practice (RP) is an avenue to becoming an effective teacher. Collaborative dialogue on teaching practice increases critical engagement with RP and provides peer-support opportunities (Mann & Walsh, 2017). In this paper we describe how our use of collaborative RP sessions impacted our sense of teacher efficacy. Two classes of Japanese university students selected, practised, and performed three short extracts from movies. We aimed to develop pronunciation, fluency, and enjoyment and engagement with English. In three teaching cycles, we engaged in collaborative dialogue sessions to reflect on teaching, discussing achievement of class goals and planned changes. RP sessions were audio recorded, transcribed, and qualitatively analysed for themes of teacher efficacy. We believe that reflecting and sharing our teaching practices led to an increased sense of our own capacity to effect positive teaching outcomes. Additionally, our response to negative teaching outcomes suggested increased confidence in our ability to adapt our teaching practice in response. 省察的実践（RP）は、能力のある教師になるための手段である。教育実践に関して協働的な対話をすることで、省察的実践への取り組みが高まりピアサポートの機会が作られる（Mann & Walsh, 2017）。本稿では、協働的な省察的実践のセッションが教師効力感にどのような影響を与えるか考察する。2クラスの英語を学習している日本人大学生は３つの映画の抜粋を選び、練習し演じた。教師は発音、流暢さ、楽しさ、英語を使うことへの取り組みを重視するよう心がけた。３つの実践で、教師は協働的な対話に参加し、クラス目標の到達や変更すべき点について話し合いながら授業について振り返った。セッションを録音し、書き起こし、教師効力感に関して質的分析を行った。自分の教育実践を振り返り共有することで、プラスの教育効果を与える能力が向上する感覚につながることが明らかになった。また、マイナスの教育効果に対し自分の教育実践を受けとめる能力に自信を持てるようになった。

scholarly journals Investigating Teacher’s Perceptions of Reflective Peer Observation to Promote Professional Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
Anjar Nur Cholifah ◽  
Abdul Asib ◽  
Suparno Suparno
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Reflective Practice ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Peer Observation ◽  
Teaching Techniques ◽  
Development Tool ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Years Of Teaching Experience ◽  
Teacher's Perceptions

Peer observation as one of the reflection tools is viewed as an effective strategy to develop teacher’s professionalism. Furthermore, peer observation in reflective practice refers to the teacher’s act which collaborates with other teachers to identify the strength and the weakness of their teaching. By doing so, it is expected there will be innovation and improvement for better teaching activity after doing an evaluation together.  This study aimed at investigating the teacher’s perceptions of peer observation as one of the reflection tools to promote professional development. The participant of this study was an In-service teacher in one of Senior High Schools in Surakarta who teaches English with 10 years of teaching experience. The data were gained through an in-depth interview followed by interactive model data analysis for qualitative study in analyzing the data. The results indicated that the teacher has positive perceptions of peer observation as a professional development tool. It brought some advantages for the teacher. Peer observation also helped the teacher to solve the problems she encountered in her teaching and could be used as a learning opportunity by observing new teaching techniques/methods/strategies from other teachers. HIGHLIGHTS: Teacher has positive perceptions in implementing peer observation to promote professional development There are limited studies regarding the use of peer observation especially for in-service teacher Peer observation brings some benefits for the teacher to improve her teaching practice

scholarly journals Enhancing the quality of student teachers’ reflective teaching practice through building a virtual learning community

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-71
Author(s):  
Wai Cheong Jacky Pow ◽  
Kwok Hung Lai
Keyword(s):  
Learning Communities ◽  
Student Teachers ◽  
Learning Community ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Peer Feedback ◽  
Virtual Learning ◽  
Reflective Teaching ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Video Database

Microteaching and reflection remains an important technique that pre-service student teachers can use to practice their teaching in a safe environment. However, improvements in teaching are not guaranteed without the support and feedback from peers. Previous studies suggest that a learning community supported by information technology promotes improved pedagogical decisions. This study aimed to examine whether virtual learning communities can facilitate student teachers’ reflection upon their teaching practice. A video database with both text- and voice-comment functionalities was designed to facilitate the process of giving peer feedback and improve the quality of teaching practice. Student teachers’ experiences in using the video database were collected through a questionnaire survey and feedback recorded within the database. Findings indicated that student teachers demonstrated a better understanding of concepts and theories relevant to the teaching of the chosen language skill area. While only some student teachers reflected on their reflective teaching practice more effectively with voice-comment features, most of them did peer evaluation of relevant principles and techniques used in their microteaching. Although feedback on the comment functionalities was divided, student teachers trusted that the microteaching videos with their own reflection and peer feedback were good evidence of their learning outcomes. Future research should examine what types of peer feedback in virtual learning communities may work more effectively in enhancing the quality of reflective teaching practice.

scholarly journals Primary School In-Service Teachers Perceptions about Reflective Teaching Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol V (I) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Sumera Imran ◽  
Amir Zaman ◽  
Abdul Ghafar
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Reflective Practice ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Reflective Teaching ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Primary School Teachers ◽  
The Government

The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand the reflective practice as a process of continuing professional Development (CPD) implemented in different parts of the government primary schools of Pakistan recently. Case study design was adopted for a single school as it aims to understand the perceptions of primary school teachers about reflective teaching practice with the help of enriched data using semi structured interview. For data analysis content analysis method was applied and analysis was presented thematically for clarity and vividness. It was revealed that most teachers perceived reflective teaching as a helpful tool in improving professional capacity, valuable to share reflective practice with colleagues, constructive in receiving guidance in professional development and useful for assessing self-skills and considered its role in identifying developmental needs of their skills and prospective training. It is suggested that primary school teachers should engage in reflective practice on regular basis and should be provide internet facilities at school to strengthen their knowledge of using creative applications of reflective practice.

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