scholarly journals Effect of magnesium oxide nanoparticles on growth and biochemical content of blue-green alga Wollea salina

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haider Alghanmi ◽  
Zahra Al-Khazali
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Green Alga ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Blue Green Alga ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Magnesium Nanoparticles

The current study aimed to test the blue-green alga Wollea salina on growth in culture media containing different concentrations of magnesium nanoparticles in addition to the control group (free of nanomaterials) in order to find out the effect of those minutes on the algae's physiology by studying their effect on the growth rate and chlorophyll-a Carotenoids, proteins, carbohydrates and fats. The alga under study was classified according to microscopy and based on some taxonomic keys after it was isolated, purified, and then grown in culture medium (BG-11). Three cultures containing three different concentrations of nano-magnesium oxide solution (93.8, 187.5,281.3) mg/L were used to compare that with the growth in the culture medium (control) free of these substances, to be then produced with biomass. For the purpose of ascertaining and knowing the size of the nanoparticles at the nanoscale, the nanocomposites of magnesium oxide were examined by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The height of the molecular assemblies of the magnesium nanoparticles was determined, and the height of the molecular assemblies was 466 nm, with an average particle size of 35 nm. The algae were also photographed with a Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) before and after treatment with magnesium nanoparticles, where the pictures showed the presence of morphological changes at the cellular level for these isolates. The growth rate was (0.388) for W. salina at a concentration of (187.5) mg/l of magnesium oxide (MgO NPS), while the results recorded the highest growth rate when the control treatment (without nanomaterials) was (0.507). Representative dyes were also studied, including chlorophyll-a, and the results showed that the highest value of chlorophyll-a at concentration (281.3) mg/l of MgO NPS was (1.068) µg/l. Also, it was noted that the highest value of carotenoid dye was recorded at a concentration of (281.3) mg/l of MgO NPS, which reached (0.992) µg /l. The highest value of protein (23.63) mg/L was recorded at a concentration of (281.3) mg/L of MgO NPS. As for the total carbohydrates, its content was (4.30) mg/L at concentration (281.3) mg/L compared to the control (4.37) mg/L. The results also recorded an increase in the algae's total fat content of( 0.058) g/l at the concentration (281.3) mg/l of MgO NPS compared to the control treatment, which recorded a total fat content of (0.048) g/l). The results of the statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences between the nanocomposites used in the study represented by magnesium in their effect on the physiology of the algae under study, and the control unit (without nanomaterials) at a significant level of p<0.05.

A POLYSACCHARIDE FROM THE BLUE-GREEN ALGA, ANABAENA CYLINDRICA

1954 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 999-1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. T. Bishop ◽  
G. A. Adams ◽  
E. O. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Green Alga ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Blue Green Alga ◽  
Anabaena Cylindrica ◽  
Chemical Homogeneity ◽  
Fresh Water Alga

A complex polysaccharide has been isolated from the fresh-water alga, Anabaena cylindrica, grown in a synthetic culture medium. Prolonged acid hydrolysis yielded glucose, xylose, glucuronic acid, galactose, rhamnose, and arabinose in a molar ratio of 5: 4: 4: 1: 1: 1. Chemical fractionations of the polysaccharide material from solution in cupriethylenediamine, and of its acetate from organic solvents indicated chemical homogeneity.

Utilization of sea water–urea as a culture medium for Spirulina maxima

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 752-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onil Faucher ◽  
Bernard Coupal ◽  
Anh Leduy
Keyword(s):  
Green Alga ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Blue Green Alga ◽  
Spirulina Maxima ◽  
Partial Decomposition ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Open Pond ◽  
Alkali Medium

The possibilities of utilization of seawater enriched with urea as the culture medium for a blue-green alga, Spirulina maxima, were investigated. Pretreatment by precipitation with NaHCO3 and (or) Na2CO3 was found essential to remove the excess amounts of Ca2+ and Mg2+ present in seawater prior to cultivation. A culture medium as good as the synthetic medium reported in the literature for the growth of S. maxima was obtained after treating seawater with NaHCO3 (19.2 g/L) at pH 9.2 and 35 °C for 2 h, filtering to remove precipitates, and enriching with K2HPO4 (0.5 g/L), NaNO3 (3.0 g/L), and FeSO4 (0.01 g/L). The same results were obtained by substituting a small amount (0.2 g/L or less) of either crystalline or polymerized urea for the NaNO3 in the above medium. Growth of S. maxima was inhibited at higher concentration s of urea in the culture medium. The inhibition effect was due to the partial decomposition of urea into ammonia in alkali medium. Tests conducted on the 130-L cultivation open pond also confirmed that the seawater–urea medium supports growth of S. maxima as well as the best known synthetic medium.

scholarly journals Properties of oxygen-evolving photosystem-II particles from Phormidium laminosum, a thermophilic blue-green alga

1981 ◽  
Vol 194 (3) ◽  
pp. 877-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
A C Stewart ◽  
D S Bendall
Keyword(s):  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Green Alga ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
O2 Evolution ◽  
Fluorescence Emission Spectrum ◽  
Blue Green Alga ◽  
Photosynthetic Unit ◽  
Phormidium Laminosum ◽  
Photosystem Ii Particles

1. O2-evolving Photosystem-II particles from the thermophilic blue–green alga Phormidium laminosum contained 1 mol of Mn/13–17 mol of chlorophyll a compared with 1 mol of Mn/65–75 mol of chlorophyll a in unfractionated membranes. 2. At least two-thirds of the Mn in the Photosystem-II particles was removed by mild heating and by treatment with Tris or EDTA, with concomitant loss of O2 evolution. However, irreversible inactivation was also caused by washing in buffers without MgCl2, and this inactivation was not accompanied by a corresponding loss of Mn. 3. Bivalent cations (Mg2+ or Ca2+), Cl- or Br- ions and at least 20% (v/v) glycerol were required for maximum stability of O2 evolution. 4. The Photosystem-II particles were enriched in high-potential cytochrome b-559 (1 mol of cytochrome/50–60 mol of chlorophyll a) and in component C-550, and had a photosynthetic-unit size of 40–70 molecules of chlorophyll a. 5. The absorption spectrum at 77 K showed a preponderance of shorter-wavelength forms of chlorophyll a in the Photosystem-II particles, and in the fluorescence emission spectrum at 77 K there were major chlorophyll fluorescence bands at 684 nm and 695 nm, with almost no fluorescence in the far-red region. 6. Analysis of the lipid and protein contents showed that the Photosystem-II particles were not chemically pure (for example, all of the membrane-bound cytochromes and cytochrome c-549 were present), but their high O2-evolution activity and good optical properties make them useful for functional studies on Photosystem-II and O2 evolution.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Lama Penyinaran Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Klorofil A Gracilaria verrucosa Pada Sistem Budidaya Indoor [The Influence Of Radiation Time Of Growth And Chlorophyll A Gracilaria verrucosa In Indoor Cultivation System]

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Moch. Amin Alamsjah, Nurines Oktavia Ayuningtiaz, Sri Subekti
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Gracilaria Verrucosa ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Daily Growth Rate ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Light Reaction

AbstractGracilaria cultivation is basically in need of lighting for photosynthesis process which will be a great effect on growth. The use of fluorescent (FL) as a replacement for the sun light is used for fluorescent lamps produce white light, except that fluorescent lights do not increase the room temperature drastically culture (temperature stable) and the intensity of light produced in the culture room suitable for the growth of shoots Gracilaria verrucosa. In addition to light intensity, while irradiation also affects the growth of cultured algae. Long exposures are generally set according to the needs of algae in natural conditions. In the process of photosynthesis is need a light and dark reaction. Light reaction occurs in the conversion of light energy into chemical energy and dark reactions occur for the formation of glucose that used for catabolism system. This study aims to determine the best long exposures of the different long exposures which can affect the growth and the amount of chlorophyll a of G. verrucosa. The methods is an experimental that used Complete Random Design (RAL) as the experimental design. The treatment used is different irradiation time, the treatment A (long irradiation for 24 hours, control), treatment B (irradiation time 12 hours light: 12 hours dark), treatment C (irradiation time 8 hours light: 16 hours dark) and D treatment (irradiation time 16 hours light: 8 hours dark) of each treatment is repeated five times. The main parameters were observed daily growth rate (%/day) and the amount of chlorophyll a (µg/ml) of G. verrucosa. Supporting the observed parameters are pH, temperature (ºC) and salinity (%o) The analysis data is using of variants analysis (ANOVA), if there is a difference data followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test to determine the best treatment. The results showed that different irradiation time take a real effect (P <0.05) on the growth and the amount of chlorophyll a G. verrucosa. Daily weight growth rate of the highest average found in treatment D (irradiation time 16hour light: 8-hours dark) of 0.62%/day, and the lowest in treatment A (24-hour long light irradiation) of 0.23%/day. The highest number of chlorophyll a average at the end of the study are in treatment D (irradiation time 16-hours light : 8 hours dark) of 0.0068 µg/ml and the lowest in treatment A (24-hour long light irradiation) of 0.0048 µg/ml. The increasing daily growth rate of G. verrucosa can used of the irradiation time 16-hours light : 8-hours dark.

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