Magnesium Nanoparticle Synthesis From Powders Via Pulsed Laser Ablation In Liquid For Wearables and Flexible Sensor Technologies

Magnesium nanoparticles of various mean diameters (53 – 239 nm) were synthesized herein via Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid (PLAL) from millimeter sized magnesium powders within iso-propyl alcohol. It was observed via a 3x3 full factorial DOE that the processing parameters can control the nanoparticle distribution to produce three size-distribution types (bimodal, skewed and normal). Ablation times of 2, 5, and 25 minutes where investigated. An ablation time of 2 minutes produced a bimodal distribution with the other types seen at higher periods of processing. Mg nanoparticle UV-Vis absorbance at 204 nm increased linearly with increasing ablation time, indicating an increase in nanoparticle count. The colloidal density (mg/ml) generally increased with increasing nanoparticle mean diameter as noted via increasing UV-vis absorbance. High la-ser scan speeds (within the studied range of 3000 - 3500 mm/s) tend to increase the nanoparticle count/yield. For the first time, the effect of scan speed on colloidal density, UV-vis absorbance and nanoparticle diameter from metallic powder ablation was investigated and is reported herein. The nanoparticles formed dendritic structures after being drop cast on aluminum foil as observed via FESEM analysis. Dynamic light scattering was used to measure the size of the nanoparticles. Magnesium nanoparticles have promising use in the fabrication of wearables, such as in conductive tracks or battery electrodes, owing to their low heat capacity, high melting point and bio-compatibility.

Investigating the effectiveness of nanotechnologies in environmental health with an emphasis on environmental health journals

Objective The use of nanotechnologies is important to reduce environmental health problems in Iran, so the present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of nanotechnologies in environmental health. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study for 11-year periods (2008–2018) on all articles published in three specialized journals of environmental health with emphasis on the use of nanotechnologies in various fields of environmental health (water, air, sewage, waste, food, radiation, etc). Results In this study, 774 articles related to 114 issues of 3 specialized environmental health journals were reviewed. A review of 774 articles showed that 80 articles (10.3%) were published in the field of nanotechnologies. Out of 80 articles published in the field of nanotechnology, 66 articles (82.5%) were published on the subject of water, 9 articles (11.3%) on wastewater and 5 articles (6.2%) on air pollution. Subject review of articles showed that articles using carbon nanotubes to remove natural organic pollutants, surfactants, hydroxybenzenes, phenol, dimethyl phthalates, use of titanium dioxide nanoparticles, iron-magnesium nanoparticles for wastewater treatment, Silver nanoparticles were used to remove air pollution. The results showed that published articles on nanotechnology in the field of environmental health were few.

Green synthesis of magnesium nanoparticles mediated from Rosa floribunda charisma extract and its antioxidant, antiaging and antibiofilm activities

Flower based nanoparticles has gained a special attention as a new sustainable eco-friendly avenue. Rosa floribunda charisma belongs to modern roses with bright yellow, red flowers with marvellous rose scent. Different methods were used for the extraction of its floral scent such as hexane, microwave, and solid-phase micro-extraction. The latter was the most efficient method for the extraction of phenyl ethyl alcohol, the unique scent of roses. In the current study, magnesium nanoparticles (RcNps) have been synthesized using Rosa floribunda charisma petals that have privileges beyond chemical and physical routs. RcNps formation was confirmed using UV–Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), High Resolution-Transmission Electron Microscope (HR-TEM), Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). HR-TEM images detected the polyhedral shape of RcNps with a diverse size ranged within 35.25–55.14 nm. The resulting RcNps exhibited a high radical scavenging activity illustrated by inhibition of superoxide, nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical and xanthine oxidase by by IC50 values 26.2, 52.9, 31.9 and 15.9 µg/ml respectively as compared to ascorbic acid. Furthermore, RcNps at concentration of 100 µg/ml significantly reduced xanthine oxidase activity (15.9 ± 0.61 µg/ml) compared with ascorbic acid (12.80 ± 0.32 µg/ml) with p < 0.05. Moreover, RcNps showed an excellent antiaging activity demonstrated by inhibition of collagenase, elastase, hyaluronidase and tyrosinase enzymes in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 values of 58.7 ± 1.66 µg/ml, 82.5 ± 2.93 µg/ml, 191.4 ± 5.68 µg/ml and 158.6 ± 5.20 µg/ml as compared to EGCG respectively. RcNps also, exhibited a promising antibacterial activity against three skin pathogens delineate a significant threat to a public health, as Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with MIC of 15.63, 7.81, 31.25 µg/ml as compared to ciprofloxacin (7.81, 3.9 and 15.63 µg/ml). Moreover, RcNps suppressed the formation of biofilms with minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations 1.95, 1.95, 7.81 µg/ml against the fore mentioned strains, respectively. Overall, our findings indicate that Rosa floribunda nanoparticles could be used as a leading natural source in skin care cosmetic industry.

Effect of magnesium oxide nanoparticles on growth and biochemical content of blue-green alga Wollea salina

The current study aimed to test the blue-green alga Wollea salina on growth in culture media containing different concentrations of magnesium nanoparticles in addition to the control group (free of nanomaterials) in order to find out the effect of those minutes on the algae's physiology by studying their effect on the growth rate and chlorophyll-a Carotenoids, proteins, carbohydrates and fats. The alga under study was classified according to microscopy and based on some taxonomic keys after it was isolated, purified, and then grown in culture medium (BG-11). Three cultures containing three different concentrations of nano-magnesium oxide solution (93.8, 187.5,281.3) mg/L were used to compare that with the growth in the culture medium (control) free of these substances, to be then produced with biomass. For the purpose of ascertaining and knowing the size of the nanoparticles at the nanoscale, the nanocomposites of magnesium oxide were examined by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The height of the molecular assemblies of the magnesium nanoparticles was determined, and the height of the molecular assemblies was 466 nm, with an average particle size of 35 nm. The algae were also photographed with a Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) before and after treatment with magnesium nanoparticles, where the pictures showed the presence of morphological changes at the cellular level for these isolates. The growth rate was (0.388) for W. salina at a concentration of (187.5) mg/l of magnesium oxide (MgO NPS), while the results recorded the highest growth rate when the control treatment (without nanomaterials) was (0.507). Representative dyes were also studied, including chlorophyll-a, and the results showed that the highest value of chlorophyll-a at concentration (281.3) mg/l of MgO NPS was (1.068) µg/l. Also, it was noted that the highest value of carotenoid dye was recorded at a concentration of (281.3) mg/l of MgO NPS, which reached (0.992) µg /l. The highest value of protein (23.63) mg/L was recorded at a concentration of (281.3) mg/L of MgO NPS. As for the total carbohydrates, its content was (4.30) mg/L at concentration (281.3) mg/L compared to the control (4.37) mg/L. The results also recorded an increase in the algae's total fat content of( 0.058) g/l at the concentration (281.3) mg/l of MgO NPS compared to the control treatment, which recorded a total fat content of (0.048) g/l). The results of the statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences between the nanocomposites used in the study represented by magnesium in their effect on the physiology of the algae under study, and the control unit (without nanomaterials) at a significant level of p<0.05.

Magnesium use in pre-sowing treatment of spring wheat seeds

Studies of different content of magnesium nanoparticles in combination with stabilizers polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and collagen hydrolyzate (GC) on the effect on the growth processes of spring wheat plants were conducted. It was found that the most positive effect on germination was produced by magnesium preparations in the following concentrations Mg 10 mg + PVP with a rate of 5 ml/t, Mg 20 mg + PVP with a rate of 1 ml/t, Mg 10 mg + GC with a rate of 1 ml/t. The initial growth and development of the root was significantly affected by the variant No3 Mg 10 mg + Ag 1 ml + PVP at the rate of 1 ml/t, and the development of the sprout was affected by all magnesium nanosets at the rate of 1 ml/t. When analyzing the assessment of plant development on days 7, 10 and 15, it was found that magnesium preparations with collagen stabilizer (GC) had a positive effect. Treatment with magnesium preparations on vegetative parts of plants, namely daily sprouts determined the effective rate of the preparation of 5 ml and more. The high values were in the variants Mg 20 mg + PVP, Mg 10 mg + Ag 1 ml + GC, where the increase in sprout length was 2.7-2.9 cm, weight 1.0-1.3 g.

Direct CO2 capture and conversion to fuels on magnesium nanoparticles under ambient conditions simply using water

We demonstrated the use of magnesium nanoparticles (and bulk) to convert CO2 (pure & also from the air) to methane, methanol, formic acid and green cement without external energy within a few minutes, using only water as the sole hydrogen source.

Improving the stability of plasmonic magnesium nanoparticles in aqueous media

This work describes two different core-shell architectures based on Mg nanoparticles (NPs) synthesised in order to improve Mg’s stability in aqueous solutions. The shell thickness in Mg-polydopamine NPs can be...

Impact of the foliar application of magnesium nanofertilizer on physiological and biochemical parameters and yield in green beans

One of the most significant challenges humanity will face is food production. In order to preserve the output, mineral fertilizers are essential. However, it's not a suitable option in the long term. Magnesium is a crucial macronutrient, but it is the most limiting element in agriculture. Nanotechnology, with the implementation of nanofertilizers, is an excellent alternative since it provides nutrients, supports growth, and improves production; this in low amounts is more sustainable than conventional fertilizers. Although there is a piece of limited information regarding the proper foliar application of this macronutrient, the study helped to validate the effect of the foliar application of Magnesium nano fertilizer on the physiological, biochemical responses and yield of bean plants. Bean plants ejotero cv. ‘Strike’ and magnesium nanoparticles were applied at doses of 0, 50, 100, and 200 ppm. The biomass accumulation, yield, activity of the enzyme nitrate reductase, and photosynthetic pigments were evaluated. The foliar application of Mg nanoparticles at 50 ppm generated the highest amount of biomass and photosynthetic pigments. The 100 ppm dose improved pods yield and allowed the increased activity of the Nitrate Reductase enzyme. The results obtained suggest that, when increasing the dose of magnesium in plants, the amount of carotenes decreases.