The Geography of Landmines and Implications for Health and Disease in Africa: A Political Ecology Approach

Africa Today ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph R. Oppong ◽  
Ezekiel Kalipeni
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Health And Disease

scholarly journals Extended urbanisation and the spatialities of infectious disease: Demographic change, infrastructure and governance

Urban Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 004209802091087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Creighton Connolly ◽  
Roger Keil ◽  
S. Harris Ali
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Political Ecology ◽  
Demographic Change ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Urban Edge ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health And Disease

This paper argues that contemporary processes of extended urbanisation, which include suburbanisation, post-suburbanisation and peri-urbanisation, may result in increased vulnerability to infectious disease spread. Through a review of existing literature at the nexus of urbanisation and infectious disease, we consider how this (potential) increased vulnerability to infectious diseases in peri- or suburban areas is in fact dialectically related to socio-material transformations on the metropolitan edge. In particular, we highlight three key factors influencing the spread of infectious disease that have been identified in the literature: demographic change, infrastructure and governance. These have been chosen given both the prominence of these themes and their role in shaping the spread of disease on the urban edge. Further, we suggest how a landscape political ecology framework can be useful for examining the role of socio-ecological transformations in generating increased risk of infectious disease in peri- and suburban areas. To illustrate our arguments we will draw upon examples from various re-emerging infectious disease events and outbreaks around the world to reveal how extended urbanisation in the broadest sense has amplified the conditions necessary for the spread of infectious diseases. We thus call for future research on the spatialities of health and disease to pay attention to how variegated patterns of extended urbanisation may influence possible outbreaks and the mechanisms through which such risks can be alleviated.

scholarly journals Tracing narratives and perceptions in the political ecologies of health and disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Creighton Connolly ◽  
Panagiota Kotsila ◽  
Giacomo D'Alisa
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Health Perceptions ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Political Ecologies ◽  
Political Ecology Of Health

Abstract Political ecology has, in the past decade, emerged as an increasingly accepted framework for studying issues of health and disease and has thus given rise to a distinct sub-field: the political ecologies of health and disease (PEHD). More recently, scholars have suggested more specific avenues through which the sub-field can be further developed and focused. Building on recent work, we suggest that the role of health perceptions and health discourses is one area that could benefit from examination through the lens of political ecology. The papers in this special section thus intend to further contribute to the empirical richness of this area of study, through an emphasis on anthropological and cultural aspects of health injustices. We emphasize the role of health perceptions, in particular, as a way of exploring how people's experiences of the local environment often differ from dominant discourses related to un/healthy environments, and the effects stemming from this disjuncture. Keywords: Political ecology of health, disease, perceptions, discourse, ethnography, environmental justice

scholarly journals "Bird cages and boiling pots for potential diseases": contested ecologies of urban 'Swiftlet farming' in George Town, Malaysia

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Creighton Connolly
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Political Ecology ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Farming Industry ◽  
George Town

Abstract This article details the social construction of the 'swiftlet farming' industry in George Town, Malaysia. It argues that narratives of health and disease continually police which landscape practices are acceptable for the increasingly globalizing and image conscious city. 'Swiftlet farming' refers to the use of inner city shophouses and other commercial buildings for harvesting the edible nests of swiftlets (constructed from their saliva). Due to the high global demand and prices for birds' nests, the number of swiftlet farms have exploded in cities and towns across the country over the past decade, as entrepreneurs have been trying to cash in on the lucrative industry. The competing discourses and reactions to swiftlet farming in George Town, particularly in relation to its alleged potential for causing outbreaks of disease such as avian flu or dengue fever offer an apt entry point for studying this contested normative landscape. In doing so, I draw on recent writing on landscape and political ecology to analyze how swiftlet farm(er)s have been politicized by various stakeholders as (in)appropriate for the urban landscape. The article concludes by considering the significance of such an approach can help to make sense of the contradictions and uncertainties that abound in urban health controversies. Key words: political ecology, health, disease, landscape, birds' nest, Malaysia

The Geography of Landmines and Implications for Health and Disease in Africa: A Political Ecology Approach

Africa Today ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph R. Oppong ◽  
Ezekiel Kalipeni
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Health And Disease

scholarly journals Connecting political ecology of health and disease with ‘structural stigmatization’: Declining use of forest foods and medicines in Kédougou, Senegal

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Keach Lucey ◽  
Kerry Grimm
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Local Foods ◽  
Access To Resources ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Risk Of Disease ◽  
Unequal Access ◽  
Expanding Population ◽  
Political Ecology Of Health ◽  
Forest Foods

Recent political ecology (PE) frameworks have evolved to identify power disparities that have consequences for human health and disease development. These power disparities can lead to unequal access to health information, natural resources (e.g. farmland, clean water), micronutrients, healthcare, and other elements necessary to maintain healthy bodies and reduce risk of disease. While many PE and political ecology of health and disease (PEHD) frameworks examine access in terms of limitations, few examples highlight effects from increased access to resources. This article uses a PEHD lens to examine how diets and health in rural Kédougou, Senegal are influenced by increased access to globalized foodstuffs and stigmatization of local foods and medicines. A better understanding of dietary decision-making is critical in understudied regions such as Senegal because West Africa has a rapidly expanding population and is projected to be among regions of the world that are most burdened with non-communicable diseases (NCD). We used qualitative methods to: 1) describe current and historic diets in Kédougou; 2) identify perceived changes about diet, health, and access to resources; and 3) understand what might be influencing these changes. Our article shows that increased access and limited access are interconnected because increased, regular access to globalized foods and medicines could factor into reduced access to local foods and medicines. We found that social context strongly influenced use of local forest foods and medicines, even leading to a gradual stigmatization of using these resources.

Spirit hospitals and “concern with herbs”: A political ecology of healing and being-in-common in Ghana

2019 ◽  
pp. 251484861989391
Author(s):  
Heidi Hausermann
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Botanical Knowledge ◽  
Alternative Economies ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Knowledge Practice ◽  
Political Ecologies ◽  
Political Ecology Of Health

Despite attention to the transformative capacities of “nonhumans” in both political ecology and commons scholarship, analyses remain limited to material realms, ignoring spiritual understandings. This article draws attention to the neglected domain of spirituality and being-in-common in the geographic study of health and disease. In Ghanaian healing contexts, spiritualists move between human and nonhuman domains to gain information and counter witchcraft, enlisting other material and spiritual entities in the process. Herbalists, by contrast, privilege botanical knowledge/practice over disease ontologies. All healers draw from therapeutic plants in assemblage with others (spirits, witches, ancestors, patients) and enact alternative economies. This research contributes to geographic scholarship in several ways. First, I integrate recent commons research into a political ecology of health framework with an eye on affective healing relations in material and spiritual realms. I draw from long-term ethnographic research and indigenous standpoints to understand spirituality in health contexts. Such integration leads to more robust and decolonial political ecologies of health and clearer understandings of how and why healing occurs.

Drug Induced Changes in Cell Organelles

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 110-111
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Luse
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Cell Organelles ◽  
Riboflavin Deficiency ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
New Era ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Cellular Pathology ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
The Impact

In the mid-nineteenth century Virchow revolutionized pathology by introduction of the concept of “cellular pathology”. Today, a century later, this term has increasing significance in health and disease. We now are in the beginning of a new era in pathology, one which might well be termed “organelle pathology” or “subcellular pathology”. The impact of lysosomal diseases on clinical medicine exemplifies this role of pathology of organelles in elucidation of disease today.Another aspect of cell organelles of prime importance is their pathologic alteration by drugs, toxins, hormones and malnutrition. The sensitivity of cell organelles to minute alterations in their environment offers an accurate evaluation of the site of action of drugs in the study of both function and toxicity. Examples of mitochondrial lesions include the effect of DDD on the adrenal cortex, riboflavin deficiency on liver cells, elevated blood ammonia on the neuron and some 8-aminoquinolines on myocardium.

The Laryngeal Epithelium in Reflux

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Erickson-Levendoski ◽  
Mahalakshmi Sivasankar
Keyword(s):  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Laryngeal Disease ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

The epithelium plays a critical role in the maintenance of laryngeal health. This is evident in that laryngeal disease may result when the integrity of the epithelium is compromised by insults such as laryngopharyngeal reflux. In this article, we will review the structure and function of the laryngeal epithelium and summarize the impact of laryngopharyngeal reflux on the epithelium. Research investigating the ramifications of reflux on the epithelium has improved our understanding of laryngeal disease associated with laryngopharyngeal reflux. It further highlights the need for continued research on the laryngeal epithelium in health and disease.

Studies on Gastric Mucus in Health and Disease

1965 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 758-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lansing C. Hoskins ◽  
Norman Zamcheck
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucus ◽  
Health And Disease
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