Multiple Image Based Dual Steganography Using Arnold Transform and Block Code Encoding

Security plays a crucial role in the field of Social media network. Securing the data become one among the largest challenges in the present scenario. Whenever we expect concerning the cyber security, the primary issue that involves our mind is ‘cyber crimes’ that are increasing vastly day by day. Embedding secret message into the image (Steganography) is associated with art and science of secure data communication wherever the key information or confidential information is hidden in host file. It's employed incompletely different helpful applications like secure electronic communication, health care and military. Confidential information’s are unremarkably keep in digital media and transmitted via network cause of rapid growth of internet. In this paper, steganography techniques which might be used to safeguard the information from intruders. Here, Steganographic technique is used to hide multiple secret images into a single 24-bit cover image using Least Significant Bit (LSB) and dual steganography method. Multiple secret images are scrambled and encoded before hiding into cover image using Arnold Transform and Block Code Encoding. The Proposed technique is Block Code Encoding to convert Secret message to binary and bit pairs to form safer information. The main goals of proposed work offers security and high limit based steganography plan of concealing a massive size secret image into a bit size cover image, to enhance security using dual steganography, image quality and to reduce error.

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Hiding Data in Color Image Using Least Significant Bits of Blue Sector

Ibn AL- Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Science ◽

10.30526/31.2.1948 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 193 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hussein L. Hussein

Keyword(s):

Color Image ◽

Cover Image ◽

Secret Message ◽

Mapping Technique ◽

Least Significant Bit ◽

Blue Sector ◽

Powerful Technique ◽

Secret Communication ◽

Least Significant Bits

Concealing the existence of secret hidden message inside a cover object is known as steganography, which is a powerful technique. We can provide a secret communication between sender and receiver using Steganography. In this paper, the main goal is for hiding secret message into the pixels using Least Significant Bit (LSB) of blue sector of the cover image. Therefore, the objective is by mapping technique presenting a model for hiding text in an image. In the model for proposing the secret message, convert text to binary also the covering (image) is divided into its three original colors, Red, Green and Blue (RGB) , use the Blue sector convert it to binary, hide two bits from the message in two bits of the least significant bits of blue sector of the image.

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A Graphical Based Video Steganography

10.20944/preprints202105.0176.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Samir Bandyopadhyay ◽

Payal Bose ◽

Vishal Goyel

Keyword(s):

Digital Media ◽

Data Communication ◽

The Internet ◽

Least Significant Bit ◽

Secret Data ◽

Video File ◽

Video Steganography ◽

Video Frames ◽

Verification Process ◽

Media Data

In today’s digital media data communication over the internet increasing day by day. Therefore the data security becomes the most important issue over the internet. With the increase of data transmission, the number of intruders also increases. That’s the reason it is needed to transmit the data over the internet very securely. Steganography is a popular method in this field. This method hides the secret data with a cover medium in a way so that the intruders cannot predict the existence of the data. Here a steganography method is proposed which uses a video file as a cover medium. This method has five main steps. First, convert the video file into video frames. Then a particular frame is selected for embedded the secret data. Second, the Least Significant Bit (LSB) Coding technique is used with the double key security technique. Third, an 8 characters password verification process. Fourth, reverse the encrypted video. Fifth, signature verification process to verify the encryption and decryption process. These five steps are followed by both the encrypting and decrypting processes.

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Keamanan Pesan Rahasia Menggunakan Steganografi DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform) pada Citra JPEG

Jurnal Ilmiah Informatika Global ◽

10.36982/jig.v9i2.585 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Dian Hafidh Zulfikar

Keyword(s):

Discrete Cosine Transform ◽

Spatial Domain ◽

Cover Image ◽

Secret Message ◽

Least Significant Bit ◽

Cosine Transform ◽

Secret Information ◽

Dct Coefficients ◽

Lsb Technique ◽

Dct Coefficient

Abstract The least significant-bit (LSB) based techniques are very popular for steganography in spatial domain. The simplest LSB technique simply replaces the LSB in the cover image with the bits from secret information. Further advanced techniques use some criteria to identify the pixels in which LSB(s) can be replaced with the bits of secret information. In Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) based technique insertion of secret information in carrier depends on the DCT coefficients. Any DCT coefficient value above proper threshold is a potential place for insertion of secret information. Keywords : Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), steganography, secret message AbstrakPada steganografi domain spasial, teknik least significant-bit (LSB) merupakan teknik yang paling banyak digunakan pada steganografi. Teknik yang sederhana yang hanya mengubah nilai LSB pada cover image dengan nilai bit pesan rahasia, atau dengan teknik yang lebih baik lagi yaitu dengan menentukan bit-bit LSB mana yang akan dilakukan pergantian nilai bit. Lain halnya dengan metode Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), teknik steganografi ini akan menyembunyikan informasi rahasia tergantung dari nilai Koefisien DCT. Kata Kunci : Steganografi, DCT, Citra, JPEG, Pesan Rahasia

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Novel Multifold Secured System by Combining Multimodal Mask Steganography and Naive Based Random Visual Cryptography System for Digital Communication

Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience ◽

10.1166/jctn.2020.9420 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (12) ◽

pp. 5279-5295

Author(s):

S. Jahnavi ◽

C. Nandini

Keyword(s):

Visual Cryptography ◽

Complete Information ◽

Cover Image ◽

Secret Message ◽

The Internet ◽

Next Generation ◽

Least Significant Bit ◽

Secret Data ◽

Stego Image ◽

Digital World

With increase in growth of data and digital threat, demand of securing the data communicated over the internet is an essential play in the digital world. In the vision of digitalizing services with the next generation of security to the sensitive data transmitted over the internet by hiding the existence of the data using next generation cryptography by fusing cryptography techniques is one the major technique adopted. With this the aim in traditional Least Significant Bit (LSB) is one of the widely used technique. Where the secret message or image are placed in the cover image in the least significant bits of RGB Channels resulting in a stego image. But the drawback is, on suspecting the differences in the pixels of original and stegoimage in the secret data embedded can be guessed and extracted by attacker. The Proposed visual crypto-mask steganography method overcomes this drawback and support good payload capacity with multi modal approach of embedding biometrics, resulting in ∞ PSNR. The authenticated person face and fingerprint information is transmitted in a cover image and mask image (magic sheet) using proposed steganography and is combined with Random Visual Crypto Technique. Which results in enhanced and advance visual crypto steganography secured model in communicating sensitive (biometric features) information over the internet. Where the complete information cannot be extracted using only cover image. Mask image (magic sheet) is used along with cover image that reveals the secret data in the receiving end.

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Role of Cyber Security and Cyber Forensics in India

Handbook of Research on Network Forensics and Analysis Techniques - Advances in Information Security, Privacy, and Ethics ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-4100-4.ch009 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 143-161 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Gulshan Shrivastava ◽

Kavita Sharma ◽

Manju Khari ◽

Syeda Erfana Zohora

Keyword(s):

Digital Media ◽

Cyber Security ◽

Forensic Analysis ◽

Computer Forensics ◽

Digital Information ◽

Cyber Forensics ◽

Forensic Research ◽

Storage Media ◽

Digital Storage ◽

Cyber Crimes

This chapter describes cyber forensics, also known as computer forensics, which is a subdivision of digital forensic science, relating to evidence detection in computers and digital storage media. The purpose of cyber forensics is the forensically-sound investigation of digital media with the intent to: identify, preserve, recover, analyze, present facts, and opinions; concerning the digital information. Even though it is generally allied with the analysis of cyber-based crimes, computer forensics may also be used in civil proceedings. Evidence composed from cyber forensic analysis is typically subjected to similar procedures and performs as supplementary digital evidence. With these advancements, it was desired that cyber forensics be to protect users and remain citizen-centric. This chapter shows that there is additional research needed to understand the implications of cyber forensic research to improve detection of cyber crimes.

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Survey of Recent Cyber Security Attacks on Robotic Systems and Their Mitigation Approaches

Detecting and Mitigating Robotic Cyber Security Risks - Advances in Information Security, Privacy, and Ethics ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-2154-9.ch019 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 284-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Abdullahi Chowdhury ◽

Gour Karmakar ◽

Joarder Kamruzzaman

Keyword(s):

Digital Media ◽

Cyber Security ◽

Cyber Attacks ◽

Rapid Expansion ◽

Robotic Systems ◽

Sensitive Data ◽

Public And Private ◽

Security Research ◽

Cyber Crimes ◽

Iot Devices

With the rapid expansion of digital media and the advancement of the artificial intelligence, robotics has drawn the attention of cyber security research community. Robotics systems use many Internet of Things (IoT) devices, web interface, internal and external wireless sensor networks and cellular networks for better communication and smart services. Individuals, industries and governments organisations are facing financial loses, losing time and sensitive data due these cyber attacks. The use these different devices and networks in robotics systems are creating new vulnerabilities and potential risk for cyber attacks. This chapter discusses about the possible cyber attacks and economics losses due to these attacks in robotics systems. In this chapter, we analyse the increasing uses of public and private robots, which has created possibility of having more cyber-crimes. Finally, contemporary and important mitigation approaches for these cyber attacks in robotic systems have been discussed in this chapter.

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A New Image Steganographic Approach for Secure Communication Based on LSB Replacement Method

Information Technology And Control ◽

10.5755/j01.itc.44.3.8949 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 315-328 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Khalid Darabkh ◽

Iyad F. Jafar ◽

Raed T. Al-Zubi ◽

Mohammed Hawa

Keyword(s):

Digital Media ◽

Secure Communication ◽

Color Image ◽

Signal To Noise Ratio ◽

Geometric Shape ◽

Secret Message ◽

Least Significant Bit ◽

Secret Data ◽

Replacement Method ◽

Lsb Replacement

With the development of internet technologies and communication services, message transmissions over the internet still have to face all kinds of security problems. Hence, how to protect secret messages during transmission becomes a challenging issue for most of current researchers. It is worth mentioning that many applications in computer science and other related fields rely on steganography and watermarking techniques to ensure information safety during communication. Unlike cryptography that focuses on scrambling the secret message so that it cannot be understood, the main objective of steganography and watermarking is to communicate securely in such a way that the hidden data are not visible to the observer. In other words, it seeks for the imperceptibility of stego-images quality to an unintended party through embedding efficiently the secret message in a digital media such as image, video, or audio. In this paper, we propose a new steganographic method to embed the secret data inside a cover image based on least-significant-bit (LSB) replacement method. The embedding process predominantly concentrates on distributing the secret message inside one share of a color image to appear like a 3D geometric shape that is constructed according to well-analyzed geometric equations. The dimensions of the geometric shape are determined pursuant to the size of secret message. Data distribution process makes our method to be of a great interest as of being so difficult for the hackers or intruders to reconstruct the shape from stego-images, thereby the security is improved. Furthermore, we compare the performance of our approach with two other relevant approaches in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and payload. The contribution of our approach was immensely impressive.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.itc.44.3.8949

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A Novel Bit-plane Compression based Reversible Data Hiding Scheme with Arnold Transform

International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology - Regular Issue ◽

10.35940/ijeat.e9517.069520 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 417-423

Keyword(s):

Reversible Data Hiding ◽

Visual Quality ◽

Cover Image ◽

Secret Message ◽

Arnold Transform ◽

Stego Image ◽

Image Dataset ◽

Plane Compression ◽

Bit Plane

Reversible data hiding (RDH) is an active research area in the field of information security. The RDH scheme allows the transmission of a secret message by embedding it into a cover image, and the receiver can recover the original cover image along with the extraction of the secret message. In this paper, we propose a bit plane compression based RDH scheme to hide a sequence of secret message bits into a grayscale image. In the proposed method, a selected bit plane of the cover image will be compressed using run-length encoding (RLE) scheme. Further, the RLE sequence has been efficiently encoded as a binary sequence using Elias gamma encoding method. The Elias gamma encoded bit sequence concatenated with the secret message bits are used to replace the selected bit plane after performing a sequence of Arnold transform. The Arnold transform helps to find a new scrambled version of the bit plane which is very close to the original bit plane to ensure the visual quality of the stego image. The RLE is a lossless compression technique, therefore recovery of the original image is possible by the receiver. The experimental study of the proposed scheme on the images from standard image dataset (USC-SIPI image dataset) shows that the proposed scheme outperforms the existing scheme in terms of the visual quality of the stego image without compromising the data embedding rate.

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Penerapan Algoritma Hill Cipher Dan Least Significant Bit (LSB) Untuk Pengamanan Pesan Pada Citra Digital

JISKA (Jurnal Informatika Sunan Kalijaga) ◽

10.14421/jiska.2020.43-01 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Desimeri Laoli ◽

Bosker Sinaga ◽

Anita Sindar R M Sinaga

Keyword(s):

Digital Media ◽

Text Messages ◽

Secret Message ◽

Original Text ◽

Least Significant Bit ◽

Hill Cipher ◽

Information And Communication ◽

Hidden Data ◽

Audio Video ◽

The Hill

Nowadays people exchange information in digital media such as text, audio, video and imagery. The development of Information and Communication makes the delivery of information and data more efficient. Current developments in technology which are very significant have an impact on the community in exchanging information and communicating. Confidential hidden data can also be in the form of image, audio, text, or video. The Hill Chiper algorithm uses a matrix of size m x m as a key for encryption and decryption. One way to recover the original text is of course to guess the decryption key, so the process of guessing the decryption key must be difficult. break ciphertext into palintext without knowing which key to use. The LSB part that is converted to the value of the message to be inserted. After affixing a secret message, each pixel is rebuilt into a whole image that resembles the original image media. The Hill Cipher algorithm is used to determine the position of the plaintext encryption into a random ciphertext. 2. Testing text messages using the hill cipher algorithm successfully carried out in accordance with the flow or the steps so as to produce a ciphertext in the form of randomization of the letters of the alphabet.

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A new approach for enhancing LSB steganography using bidirectional coding scheme

International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) ◽

10.11591/ijece.v9i6.pp5286-5294 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 5286

Author(s):

Mohammed M. Saeed Abdullah Al-Momin ◽

Issa Ahmed Abed ◽

Hussein A. Leftah

Keyword(s):

Private Information ◽

Cover Image ◽

Secret Message ◽

Least Significant Bit ◽

Fixed Size ◽

Stego Image ◽

New Approach ◽

Coding Scheme ◽

Private Data ◽

Carrier Image

This paper proposes a new algorithm for embedding private information within a cover image. Unlike all other already existing algorithms, this one tends to employ the data of the carrier image more efficiently such that the image looks less distorted. As a consequence, the private data is maintained unperceived and the sent information stays unsuspicious. This task is achieved by dividing the least significant bit plane of the cover image into fixed size blocks, and then embedding the required top-secret message within each block using one of two opposite ways depending on the extent of similarity of each block with the private information needed to be hidden. This technique will contribute to lessen the number of bits needed to be changed in the cover image to accommodate the private data, and hence will substantially reduce the amount of distortion in the stego-image when compared to the classic LSB image steganography algorithms.

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