Hiding Data in Color Image Using Least Significant Bits of Blue Sector

Concealing the existence of secret hidden message inside a cover object is known as steganography, which is a powerful technique. We can provide a secret communication between sender and receiver using Steganography. In this paper, the main goal is for hiding secret message into the pixels using Least Significant Bit (LSB) of blue sector of the cover image. Therefore, the objective is by mapping technique presenting a model for hiding text in an image. In the model for proposing the secret message, convert text to binary also the covering (image) is divided into its three original colors, Red, Green and Blue (RGB) , use the Blue sector convert it to binary, hide two bits from the message in two bits of the least significant bits of blue sector of the image.

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An Improved Method for Combine (LSB and MSB) Based on Color Image RGB

Engineering and Technology Journal ◽

10.30684/etj.v39i1b.1574 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (1B) ◽

pp. 231-242

Author(s):

Sally A. Mahdi ◽

Maisa’a A. Khodher

Keyword(s):

Color Image ◽

Signal To Noise Ratio ◽

Cover Image ◽

Secret Message ◽

Secret Key ◽

Improved Method ◽

Least Significant Bit ◽

Stego Image ◽

Novel Method ◽

Measure Entropy

Image steganography is the art of hiding data into an image by using the secret key. This paper presents two techniques that combine the most significant bit (MSB) as well as the least significant bit (LSB) based on a color image (24bit for RGB). The presented study proposes a novel method to combine (LSB and MSB) bits based on check MSB values and replace bits from LSB with a secret message. The result of this proposed method that made not affect quality stego -image based on the resulting histogram that shows a match between the cover image and stego- image and more secure because not hidden in all image. The factors were used Mean Square Error (MSE), Compute Payload, in addition to Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR). The PSNR’s rate is high and MSE is less. The result of this paper when applying on the different image gives high PSNR of 87.141 and less MSE of 0.00012 when inserting message 80 bits and reduction value PSNR of 72.023 and MSE of 0.0040 when inserting message 1200 bits and measure entropy is the same value for cover image and stego –image then this method is more security for the attacker.

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Crypto-Steganographic Method to Protect Secret Messages

International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing ◽

10.47760/ijcsmc.2021.v10i12.007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 46-61

Author(s):

Mohamad Tariq Barakat ◽

Rushdi Abu Zneit ◽

Ziad A. Alqadi

Keyword(s):

Digital Image ◽

Color Image ◽

Color Images ◽

Secret Message ◽

Security Level ◽

Least Significant Bit ◽

Simple Method ◽

Private Key ◽

Message Length ◽

Digital Color Images

Multiple methods are used to hide secret messages in digital color images, and the most important and most common is the least significant bit (LSB) method. The LSB method is a known and exposed method, and anyone with programming experience can retrieve the secret message embedded in the digital image. In this paper research we will add some enhancements to improve the security level of LSB method to protect the embedded secret message from being hacked. A simple method of secret message cryptography will be used to encrypt the secret message before bedding it using LSB method. The method will be based on using color image as an image_key; this image_key will be resized to generate the needed secret private key used to encrypt-decrypt secret message. The length and the contents of the generated private key will dynamically change depending on the message length and the selected image_key. The selected image_key will be kept in secret without transmission and will be known only by the sender and receiver and it can be changed any time when needed. The proposed crypto_steganographic method will be implemented to show how it will increase the level o secret message protection.

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Crypto Steganography using linear algebraic equation

International Journal of Computer and Communication Technology ◽

10.47893/ijcct.2014.1211 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Pradeep Kumar Mallick ◽

N.K. kamila

Keyword(s):

Algebraic Equation ◽

Linear Algebraic Equation ◽

Cover Image ◽

Security Model ◽

Least Significant Bit ◽

Cipher Text ◽

Lsb Technique ◽

Symmetric Block ◽

Day By Day ◽

Least Significant Bits

Demand of information security is increasing day by day with the exponential growth of Internet. The content of message is kept secret in cryptography, where as steganography message is embedded into the cover image. In this paper a system is developed in which cryptography and steganography are used as integrated part along with newly developed enhanced security model. In cryptography the process of encryption is carried out using symmetric block ciphers with linear algebraic equation to encrypt a message [1] and the obtained cipher text is hidden in to the cover image which makes the system highly secured. Least Significant Bit (LSB) technique is used for message hiding which replaces the least significant Bits of pixel selected to the hide the information. A large number of commercial steganographic programs use LSB as the method of choice for message hiding in 24-bit,8bit-color images, and gray scale images. It is observed from the simulation study that both methods together enhance security significantly.

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Keamanan Pesan Rahasia Menggunakan Steganografi DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform) pada Citra JPEG

Jurnal Ilmiah Informatika Global ◽

10.36982/jig.v9i2.585 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Dian Hafidh Zulfikar

Keyword(s):

Discrete Cosine Transform ◽

Spatial Domain ◽

Cover Image ◽

Secret Message ◽

Least Significant Bit ◽

Cosine Transform ◽

Secret Information ◽

Dct Coefficients ◽

Lsb Technique ◽

Dct Coefficient

Abstract The least significant-bit (LSB) based techniques are very popular for steganography in spatial domain. The simplest LSB technique simply replaces the LSB in the cover image with the bits from secret information. Further advanced techniques use some criteria to identify the pixels in which LSB(s) can be replaced with the bits of secret information. In Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) based technique insertion of secret information in carrier depends on the DCT coefficients. Any DCT coefficient value above proper threshold is a potential place for insertion of secret information. Keywords : Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), steganography, secret message AbstrakPada steganografi domain spasial, teknik least significant-bit (LSB) merupakan teknik yang paling banyak digunakan pada steganografi. Teknik yang sederhana yang hanya mengubah nilai LSB pada cover image dengan nilai bit pesan rahasia, atau dengan teknik yang lebih baik lagi yaitu dengan menentukan bit-bit LSB mana yang akan dilakukan pergantian nilai bit. Lain halnya dengan metode Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), teknik steganografi ini akan menyembunyikan informasi rahasia tergantung dari nilai Koefisien DCT. Kata Kunci : Steganografi, DCT, Citra, JPEG, Pesan Rahasia

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Multiple Image Based Dual Steganography Using Arnold Transform and Block Code Encoding

International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering Research ◽

10.30534/ijeter/2021/019102021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 1299-1304

Keyword(s):

Digital Media ◽

Cyber Security ◽

Data Communication ◽

Block Code ◽

Cover Image ◽

Secret Message ◽

Least Significant Bit ◽

Arnold Transform ◽

Cyber Crimes ◽

Multiple Secret Images

Security plays a crucial role in the field of Social media network. Securing the data become one among the largest challenges in the present scenario. Whenever we expect concerning the cyber security, the primary issue that involves our mind is ‘cyber crimes’ that are increasing vastly day by day. Embedding secret message into the image (Steganography) is associated with art and science of secure data communication wherever the key information or confidential information is hidden in host file. It's employed incompletely different helpful applications like secure electronic communication, health care and military. Confidential information’s are unremarkably keep in digital media and transmitted via network cause of rapid growth of internet. In this paper, steganography techniques which might be used to safeguard the information from intruders. Here, Steganographic technique is used to hide multiple secret images into a single 24-bit cover image using Least Significant Bit (LSB) and dual steganography method. Multiple secret images are scrambled and encoded before hiding into cover image using Arnold Transform and Block Code Encoding. The Proposed technique is Block Code Encoding to convert Secret message to binary and bit pairs to form safer information. The main goals of proposed work offers security and high limit based steganography plan of concealing a massive size secret image into a bit size cover image, to enhance security using dual steganography, image quality and to reduce error.

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Novel Multifold Secured System by Combining Multimodal Mask Steganography and Naive Based Random Visual Cryptography System for Digital Communication

Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience ◽

10.1166/jctn.2020.9420 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (12) ◽

pp. 5279-5295

Author(s):

S. Jahnavi ◽

C. Nandini

Keyword(s):

Visual Cryptography ◽

Complete Information ◽

Cover Image ◽

Secret Message ◽

The Internet ◽

Next Generation ◽

Least Significant Bit ◽

Secret Data ◽

Stego Image ◽

Digital World

With increase in growth of data and digital threat, demand of securing the data communicated over the internet is an essential play in the digital world. In the vision of digitalizing services with the next generation of security to the sensitive data transmitted over the internet by hiding the existence of the data using next generation cryptography by fusing cryptography techniques is one the major technique adopted. With this the aim in traditional Least Significant Bit (LSB) is one of the widely used technique. Where the secret message or image are placed in the cover image in the least significant bits of RGB Channels resulting in a stego image. But the drawback is, on suspecting the differences in the pixels of original and stegoimage in the secret data embedded can be guessed and extracted by attacker. The Proposed visual crypto-mask steganography method overcomes this drawback and support good payload capacity with multi modal approach of embedding biometrics, resulting in ∞ PSNR. The authenticated person face and fingerprint information is transmitted in a cover image and mask image (magic sheet) using proposed steganography and is combined with Random Visual Crypto Technique. Which results in enhanced and advance visual crypto steganography secured model in communicating sensitive (biometric features) information over the internet. Where the complete information cannot be extracted using only cover image. Mask image (magic sheet) is used along with cover image that reveals the secret data in the receiving end.

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A New Image Steganographic Approach for Secure Communication Based on LSB Replacement Method

Information Technology And Control ◽

10.5755/j01.itc.44.3.8949 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 315-328 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Khalid Darabkh ◽

Iyad F. Jafar ◽

Raed T. Al-Zubi ◽

Mohammed Hawa

Keyword(s):

Digital Media ◽

Secure Communication ◽

Color Image ◽

Signal To Noise Ratio ◽

Geometric Shape ◽

Secret Message ◽

Least Significant Bit ◽

Secret Data ◽

Replacement Method ◽

Lsb Replacement

With the development of internet technologies and communication services, message transmissions over the internet still have to face all kinds of security problems. Hence, how to protect secret messages during transmission becomes a challenging issue for most of current researchers. It is worth mentioning that many applications in computer science and other related fields rely on steganography and watermarking techniques to ensure information safety during communication. Unlike cryptography that focuses on scrambling the secret message so that it cannot be understood, the main objective of steganography and watermarking is to communicate securely in such a way that the hidden data are not visible to the observer. In other words, it seeks for the imperceptibility of stego-images quality to an unintended party through embedding efficiently the secret message in a digital media such as image, video, or audio. In this paper, we propose a new steganographic method to embed the secret data inside a cover image based on least-significant-bit (LSB) replacement method. The embedding process predominantly concentrates on distributing the secret message inside one share of a color image to appear like a 3D geometric shape that is constructed according to well-analyzed geometric equations. The dimensions of the geometric shape are determined pursuant to the size of secret message. Data distribution process makes our method to be of a great interest as of being so difficult for the hackers or intruders to reconstruct the shape from stego-images, thereby the security is improved. Furthermore, we compare the performance of our approach with two other relevant approaches in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and payload. The contribution of our approach was immensely impressive.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.itc.44.3.8949

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A new approach for enhancing LSB steganography using bidirectional coding scheme

International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) ◽

10.11591/ijece.v9i6.pp5286-5294 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 5286

Author(s):

Mohammed M. Saeed Abdullah Al-Momin ◽

Issa Ahmed Abed ◽

Hussein A. Leftah

Keyword(s):

Private Information ◽

Cover Image ◽

Secret Message ◽

Least Significant Bit ◽

Fixed Size ◽

Stego Image ◽

New Approach ◽

Coding Scheme ◽

Private Data ◽

Carrier Image

This paper proposes a new algorithm for embedding private information within a cover image. Unlike all other already existing algorithms, this one tends to employ the data of the carrier image more efficiently such that the image looks less distorted. As a consequence, the private data is maintained unperceived and the sent information stays unsuspicious. This task is achieved by dividing the least significant bit plane of the cover image into fixed size blocks, and then embedding the required top-secret message within each block using one of two opposite ways depending on the extent of similarity of each block with the private information needed to be hidden. This technique will contribute to lessen the number of bits needed to be changed in the cover image to accommodate the private data, and hence will substantially reduce the amount of distortion in the stego-image when compared to the classic LSB image steganography algorithms.

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A Dynamic Approach to Image Steganography Using the Three Least Significant Bits and Extended Hill Cipher

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.403-408.842 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 403-408 ◽

pp. 842-849 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Gandharba Swain ◽

Saroj Kumar Lenka

Keyword(s):

Secure Communication ◽

Block Cipher ◽

Image Steganography ◽

Secret Message ◽

Least Significant Bit ◽

Dynamic Approach ◽

Cipher Text ◽

Hill Cipher ◽

Carrier Image ◽

Least Significant Bits

In this paper we propose a technique for secure communication between sender and receiver. We use both cryptography and steganography. We take image as the carrier to use steganography. We have extended the existing hill cipher to increase its robustness and used it as our cryptography algorithm. By using this extended hill cipher (a new block cipher) which uses a 128 bit key, we encrypt the secret message. Then the cipher text of the secret message is embedded into the carrier image in 6th, 7th and 8th bit locations of some of the selected pixels (bytes). The 8th bit in a pixel (byte) is called as the least significant bit (LSB). The pixel selection is done depending on the bit pattern of the cipher text. So for different messages the embedding pixels will be different. That means to know the pixels of the image where the cipher text is embedded we should know the cipher text bits. Thus it becomes a stronger steganography. As the pixels where we embed are chosen during the run time of the algorithm, so we say that it is dynamic steganography. After embedding the resultant image will be sent to the receiver, the receiver will apply the reverse process what the sender has done and get the secret message.

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Peningkatan Keamanan Pengiriman Pesan Teks: Kombinasi Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) 128 dan Least Significant Bit (LSB)

JUSIFO (JURNAL SISTEM INFORMASI) ◽

10.19109/jusifo.v6i2.6746 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 111-120

Author(s):

Yulia Fatma ◽

Afdhil Hafid ◽

Heru Oktavian Dani

Keyword(s):

Text Messages ◽

Cover Image ◽

Secret Message ◽

Advanced Encryption Standard ◽

Least Significant Bit ◽

Stego Image ◽

Important Thing ◽

Insertion Process

Confidentiality in transfer the messages is an important thing to maintain. Increased security in transfer the messages can be improved using cryptography and steganography. This article aims to apply a combination of AES 128 cryptography and LSB steganography in an application, and measures the quality of the stego-image. In this article, the AES 128 algorithm is used for the encryption process of secret messages and the LSB algorithm for the process of inserting secret messages in the cover image. PSNR is used to measure the quality of the stego-image, by comparing the cover image and the stego-image. This research produces an application that can be used for the security of sending text messages by combining the AES 128 algorithm in the plaintext encryption and the LSB algorithm in the secret message insertion process. In term of measuring the quality of the stego-image, it was found that the character length of the secret message would have an impact on the MSE and PSNR values. This means, the longer the character of the secret message will affect the quality of the stego-image.

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