scholarly journals Orange fleshed sweet potato a nutrition sensitive functional food for possible dietary approach to vitamin A deficiency and undernutrition

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 645-651
Author(s):  
Jyotsna Khanam ◽  
Sheikh Faisal Asadullah Mahdi ◽  
Monera Ahsan ◽  
Sheikh Nazrul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Sensitive Function ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Nutrition Sensitive ◽  
Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato ◽  
Orange Fleshed Sweet Potatoes

Orange Fleshed Sweet Potatoes (OFSPs) is an excellent nutrition sensitive function food. It contains dense amount of carotene and is also rich in proximate nutrients. A wide number of cultivars of OFSPs has been developed worldwide, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. In Bangladesh, sixteen cultivars have been developed. Carotene content in the OFSPs surpasses all of the plant food carotene. OFSPs also contains good content of energy yielding nutrients. The Orange Fleshed Sweet Potatoes could, therefore, be a potential dietary approach to address the vitamin A deficiency for undernourished indigent people.

scholarly journals Sensory Analysis of a Processed Food Intended for Vitamin A Supplementation

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Zhang ◽  
George A. Cavender ◽  
Kristina R. Lewandowski ◽  
Ginnefer O. Cox ◽  
Chad M. Paton
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Peanut Butter ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Β Carotene

Provitamin A and pre-formed vitamin A compounds are essential micronutrients for humans. However, vitamin A deficiency (VAD) affects the health status of nearly 50% of populations in Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa and is especially pronounced in preschool children and pregnant women. The objective of this research was to determine an acceptable flavor/ingredient combination to produce a palatable food product that incorporates sweet potatoes, peanut paste, and chickpeas. We sought to determine the acceptability of the three product formulations and to determine the influence of demographic data on ratings for the sensory attributes of each sample. To address VAD issues, three formulations of a product incorporating sweet potato puree (to increase β-carotene content), pure peanut butter (to provide fat for β-carotene absorption), and chickpeas (to provide a complete protein source), were developed: (1) an unflavored control, and two formulations with added natural seasonings: (2) curry-flavored, and (3) pumpkin spice-flavored. Sensory analysis of the three products showed that the curry-flavored product received the highest acceptability in terms of overall liking, flavor, texture, and appearance (p < 0.001). Since the demographic effect was not statistically significant (p > 0.05), it is highly likely that the curry-flavored product can be implemented in other countries or areas with high acceptability.

The Potential of Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato to Prevent Vitamin A Deficiency in Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 65-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fekadu Gurmu ◽  
Shimelis Hussein ◽  
Mark Laing
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Vitamin A Status ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Prevention Methods ◽  
Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato

Purpose: Vitamin A deficiency is among major health problems worldwide that leads to blindness, retarded growth and death, particularly in developing countries. In these countries, vitamin A deficiency largely affects pre-school children, pregnant and lactating mothers, and the rural poor. For instance, the predicted prevalence of vitamin A deficiency for 36 sub-Saharan African countries is 19.1 %. Methods: Different strategies, including vitamin A supplementation, food fortification and dietary diversification, have been used to combat this problem. However, these strategies are not sustainable due to their high costs. Results: Orange-fleshed sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. Lam) is a low priced crop, which is part of staple foods in most of sub-Saharan Africa that can be a year-round source of vitamin A. Most of the orange-fleshed sweet potato varieties contain 3000 - 16000 μg 100 g-1 of β-carotene and this contributes to 250 to 1300 μg 100 g-1 Retinol Activity Equivalents (RAE). Therefore, by using orange-fleshed sweet potato, it is possible to improve vitamin A status, increase the bio-availability of different micro-nutrients such as Fe, Zn, Ca and Mg, reduce vitamin A deficiency and hence reduce child mortality rates by 23 to 30 %. Conclusion: The article highlights the significance of vitamin A for human nutrition, the effect of vitamin A deficiency, the different prevention methods and the potential of orange- fleshed sweet potato as a food crop to prevent vitamin A deficiency.

scholarly journals Screening of Provitamin-A Maize Inbred Lines for Drought Tolerance Using β-carotene Content: Morphophysiological and Biochemical Traits

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleck Kondwakwenda ◽  
Julia Sibiya ◽  
Rebecca Zengeni ◽  
Cousin Musvosvi ◽  
Samson Tesfay
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Provitamin A ◽  
Biochemical Traits ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Maize Productivity ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Β Carotene

Provitamin A maize (Zea mays L.) biofortification is an ideal complementary means of combating vitamin A deficiency (VAD) in sub-Saharan Africa where maize consumption is high coupled by high VAD incidences. However, drought remains a major abiotic constraint to maize productivity in this region. Comprehensive drought screening of initial breeding materials before advancing them is important to achieve genetic gain. In this study, 46 provitamin-A inbred lines were screened for drought tolerance in the greenhouse and field under drought and optimum conditions using β-carotene content (BCC), grain yield (GY), and selected morphophysiological and biochemical traits. The results revealed that BCC, morphophysiological and biochemical traits were effective in discriminating among genotypes. Number of ears per plant (EPP), stomatal conductance (Gs), delayed leaf senescence (SEN), leaf rolling (RL), chlorophyll content (CC) and free proline content (PC) proved to be ideal traits to use when indirectly selecting for GY by virtue of having relative efficiency of indirect selection values that are greater than unity and considerable genetic variances under either or both conditions. The findings of this study form the basis of initial germplasm selection when improving provitamin A maize for drought tolerance.

scholarly journals Tackling vitamin A deficiency with biofortified sweetpotato in sub-Saharan Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan W. Low ◽  
Robert O.M. Mwanga ◽  
Maria Andrade ◽  
Edward Carey ◽  
Anna-Marie Ball
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals SNP rs6564851 in the BCO1 Gene Is Associated with Varying Provitamin a Plasma Concentrations but Not with Retinol Concentrations among Adolescents from Rural Ghana

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1786
Author(s):  
Sophie Graßmann ◽  
Olga Pivovarova-Ramich ◽  
Andrea Henze ◽  
Jens Raila ◽  
Yaw Ampem Amoako ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Provitamin A ◽  
Rural Ghana ◽  
Provitamin A Carotenoids ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Plasma Retinol

In sub-Saharan Africa, vitamin A deficiency constitutes a severe health problem despite various supplementation and food fortification programs. Given that the intake of preformed vitamin A from animal products remains low in these countries, an efficient metabolization of plant-based provitamin A carotenoids is essential. Previously, adolescents in rural Ghana have shown high total plasma carotenoid concentrations, while 36% had a vitamin A deficiency (defined as plasma retinol < 0.7 µmol/L). Hence, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to identify the relationships between variants in the β-carotene 15,15’-oxygenase (BCO1) gene and plasma carotenoid concentrations among 189 15-year-old girls and boys in rural Ghana. BCO1 rs6564851, rs7500996, rs10048138 and PKD1L2 rs6420424, and rs8044334 were typed, and carotenoid concentrations were compared among the different genotypes. G allele carriers of rs6564851 (53%) showed higher plasma carotenoid concentrations than T allele carriers (median (interquartile range): 3.07 (2.17–4.02) vs. 2.59 (2.21–3.50) µmol/L, p-value = 0.0424). This was not explained by differences in socio-demographic or dietary factors. In contrast, no differences in plasma retinol concentrations were observed between these genotypes. Pending verification in independent populations, the low conversion efficiency of provitamin A carotenoids among rs6564851 G allele carriers may undermine existing fortification and supplementation programs to improve the vitamin A status in sub-Saharan Africa.

scholarly journals Vitamin A Deficiency and Child Survival in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Reappraisal of Challenges and Opportunities

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor M. Aguayo ◽  
Shawn K. Baker
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
Potential Child ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Policies And Programs

Background Children with vitamin A deficiency have higher risk of morbidity and mortality than vitamin A–sufficient children. Estimates on the potential child survival benefits of vitamin A deficiency control are needed for policy and program advocacy. Objective To determine the current prevalence of children at risk for vitamin A deficiency in sub-Saharan Africa in order to estimate the potential child-survival benefits of effective and sustained policies and programs for the control of vitamin A deficiency in this region. Methods Estimates of the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency generated in 1998, data from 11 nationally representative vitamin A deficiency surveys conducted in sub-Saharan Africa between 1997 and 2003, and the measured effects of vitamin A deficiency on child mortality were combined to estimate the prevalence of children at risk for vitamin A deficiency in sub-Saharan Africa and the potential child-survival benefits of effective and sustained policies and programs for the control of vitamin A deficiency in this region. Results Our analysis shows that in the absence of effective and sustained policies and programs for the control of vitamin A deficiency, an estimated 42.4% of children 0 to 59 months of age in sub-Saharan Africa (43.2 million children) are at risk for vitamin A deficiency. Such effective and sustained policy and program action for the control of vitamin A deficiency can bring about a potential 25% reduction in mortality in children 0 to 59 months with respect to 1995 mortality levels (i.e., before the onset of large-scale vitamin A supplementation programs in sub-Saharan Africa). Conclusions Effective and sustained control of vitamin A deficiency has the potential to be among the most cost-effective and high-impact child-survival interventions in sub-Saharan Africa. A stronger political commitment and a more appropriate level of investment in the effective control of vitamin A deficiency could make a large contribution toward the attainment of the Millennium Development Goal for the reduction of child mortality rates by two-thirds between 1990 and 2015. Among the many challenges that Africa will need to face in the coming years, vitamin A deficiency is one that can be overcome. The need is urgent, and the solutions are known, effective, and affordable.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Porridge Made from Composite Flour of Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato and Enset (Bulla) Flours

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Abebe Haile ◽  
Martha Geribo ◽  
Esayas Kinfe
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Composite Flour ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Composite Flours ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato ◽  
Β Carotene

Bulla is the water insoluble starchy product which is separated from Kocho during the decortications process of Enset. However, this extract lacks pro-vitamin A. This study enriched the Bulla with Orange-fleshed Sweet Potato (OFSP) a plant with high levels of β-carotene that can be useful for combating vitamin A deficiency. The porridge was made of composite flours of bulla blended with 30, 35, 40 and 45% OFSP flours were investigated for proximate composition, β-carotene, functional property and sensory acceptability of products using standard methods. The data were analyzed using SAS 1.9 Software. The composite flours percentage moisture, crude (fiber, protein, fat), ash, carbohydrate, gross energy, β-carotene, pH, bulk density and water absorption capacity were found to be in the range of 29.54 to 40.25, (1.66 to 2.05, 2.11 to 2.55, 0.55 to 0.71), 1.76 to 2.11, 53.86 to 63.31, 227.49 to 268.11 Kcal/100 g, 386.68 to 558.05 μg/100 g, 4.46 to 5.71, 0.58 to 0.80 and 1.70 to 4.87 ml/g, respectively. While, the composite flours porridge percentage moisture, crude fiber, ash, crude protein, crude fat, carbohydrate, gross energy, β-carotene, pH and viscosity content found to be in the range from 43.42 to 58.03, 1.32 to 1.79, 2.39 to 2.78, 2.01 to 2.31, 0.71 to 0.82, 35.21 to 48.63, 155 to 211.11 Kcal/100 g, 201.46 to 301.50 μg/100 g, 5.71 to 5.82 and 515 to 728 cps, respectively. The porridge OB4PM2 (45% OFSP and 55% Bulla) was most preferred due to its color, odor, flavor and overall acceptability with panelist scored value of 4.28, 4.33, 4.39 and 4.45, respectively. Moreover, OB4PM2 porridge was found to be good source of ash, energy and β-carotene content.

Thriving Public—Private Partnership to Fortify Cooking Oil in the West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA) to Control Vitamin A Deficiency: Faire Tache d'Huile en Afrique de l'Ouest

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (4_suppl3) ◽  
pp. S310-S320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mawuli Sablah ◽  
Jennifer Klopp ◽  
Douglas Steinberg ◽  
Zaoro Touaoro ◽  
Arnaud Laillou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Monetary Union ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
West African ◽  
Edible Oil ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Economic And Monetary Union ◽  
The West ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Sub Saharan

Background In sub-Saharan Africa, more than 42% of children are at risk for vitamin A deficiency, and control of vitamin A deficiency will prevent more than 600,000 child deaths annually. In the West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA), an estimated 54.3% of preschool-age children are vitamin A deficient and 13% of pregnant women have night blindness. Objective To project the achievements of this West African coalition. Methods This article documents the achievements, challenges, and lessons learned associated with the development of a public—private partnership to fortify vegetable oil in West Africa through project reports and industry assessments. Results National-level food consumption surveys identified cooking oil as a key vehicle for vitamin A. Stakeholders therefore advocated for the production of fortified vegetable oil at large scale, supported industrial assessments, and reinforced the capacity of cooking oil industries to implement vitamin A fortification through effective coordination of public and private partnerships tied with standards, regulations, and social marketing. Strong alliances for food fortification were established at the regional and national levels. Stakeholders also developed policies, adopted directives, built capacity, implemented social marketing, and monitored quality enforcement systems to sustain fortification for maximum public health impact. The synergy created resulted from the unique and complementary core competencies of all the partners under effective coordination. The initiative began with the 8 UEMOA member countries and now includes all 15 countries of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), plus Cameroon, Tanzania, and Mozambique, forming a sub-Saharan Africa-wide initiative on food fortification. All members of the Professional Association of Cooking Oil Industries of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (AIFO-UEMOA) now fortify edible oil with vitamin A. Through multisector cooperation, an estimated 70% of the population has access to vitamin A–fortified edible oil in participating countries. Conclusions Sustainable fortification of cooking oil is now a reality in all UEMOA countries.

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