scholarly journals Chaos Theory and Emergent Behavior in the West Virginia Water Crisis

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan Getchell

Chaos theory holds that systems act in unpredictable, nonlinear ways and that their behavior can only be observed, never predicted. This is an informative model for an organization in crisis. The West Virginia water contamination crisis, which began on January 9, 2014, fits the criteria of a system in chaos. This study employs a close case study method to examine this case through the lens of chaos theory and its tenets: sensitivity to initial conditions, bifurcation, fractals, strange attractors, and self-organization. In particular, close attention is paid to emergent organizations and how their embodiment of strange attractor values spurred the self-organization process for this chaotic system.

Author(s):  
Yuki Kawabata

The promotion of new and competitive industries through cross-sectoral inter-organizational collaborations are tackled in many regions globally. This study explores the management of facilitating collaboration with consideration of the planned approach to change based on change management theory. The “initial conditions,” “field,” and “emerging interaction toward the collaborations” are clarified as key elements for management through intervention. It is considered how these interventions are implemented on these elements. A conceptual model for considering comprehensive management of the self-organization process toward collaboration is proposed. In the case study, experiences of the medical technology industry of three German states are examined. The activities of cluster organizations of these states, which provide services to facilitate cross-sectoral collaborations, are scrutinized. The results of the case study are comparatively analyzed, and the modified conceptual framework is depicted by reflecting the findings of the study. The implications are then discussed.


Author(s):  
Eddy Mantjoro

Abstract Goals to be achieved through this research are as follows: (1) the scientific explanation about the initial conditions of fishing effort in the area of ​​research in this area is South Minahasa; (2) To obtain information on the historical development of the fish processing industry in North Sulawesi and Minahasa south in particular; (3) To be informed of the obstacles and challenges faced by the fisheries sector investors, especially fish processing timber. This research focuses on one unit of the fish processing industry wooden fish processing plant, and then in the case study method is relevant. The case study method is expected that researchers can examine more detailed and focused on problems experienced by fish processing company. As a consequence the results can not be generalized as like which would otherwise require science. Unless some case studies on the same topic on other companies and the result is the same, the efforts generalizations can be made. However the results of the case study can paint a picture on the history, constraints and barriers to investment that occur in similar industries and other industries. The initial condition of fisheries business investment in South Minahasa in 1995 was still dominated by small-scale businesses, which is limited to household livelihoods of fishermen. How governance is still very traditional in terms of business objectives just to meet daily food needs. Wooden fish processing technology already existed and developed since the year 700 BC in Japan. In Indonesia, especially in North Sulawesi started introduced in 1927 by a Japanese man named Hara Ko. The new investment started in 1971 until now. Investment in fish processing faces many obstacles and challenges, namely (1) the limited market share, (2) Legal certainty is not guaranteed, (3) Investors from outside the region and abroad to invest by holding on minimal information about the culture and traditions of local communities (4 ) morale of local residents very traditional if not arguably worse. (5) The investment policy is supported by the local government level only at the Regent while Assiten level, down to the village more displays of terror and intimidation to investors. Keywords: fish factory, investment, history, constraints, obstacles Abstrak Tujuan yang ingin dicapai melalui penelitian ini ialah sebagai berikut: (1) Penjelasan ilmiah tentang kondisi awal usaha perikanan di wilayah penelitian dalam hal ini Daerah Minahasa Selatan. (2) Memperoleh informasi tentang sejarah perkembangan industri pengolahan ikan di Sulawesi Utara dan Minahasa selatan khususnya. (3) Mendapatkan informasi mengenai kendala dan tantangan yang dihadapi oleh investor bidang perikanan khususnya pengolahan ikan kayu. Penelitian ini berfokus pada satu unit industri pengolahan ikan yakni pabrik pengolahan ikan kayu, maka metode studi kasus di pandang relevan. Metode studi kasus diharapkan peneliti dapat mengkaji lebih rinci dan fokus pada masalah yang dialami oleh perusahan pengolahan ikan. Sebagai konsekwensinya hasil penelitian tidak dapat digeneralisir sebagai layaknya yang di syaratkan oleh ilmu pengetahuan. Kecuali beberapa studi kasus dengan topik yang sama pada perusahan lain dan hasilnya sama maka upaya generalisasi dapat dilakukan. Walau demikian hasil studi kasus dapat melukiskan gambaran mengenai sejarah, kendala dan hambatan investasi yang terjadi pada industri sejenis dan industri lainnya. Kondisi awal usaha perikanan di wilayah Minahasa selatan pada tahun 1995 ketika investasi pabrik pengolahan ikan kayu di mulai masih didominasi oleh usaha skala kecil, yaitu sebatas mata pencaharian rumah tangga nelayan. Cara kelola pun masih sangat tradisional dalam pengertian tujuan usaha hanya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan makanan harian. Teknologi pengolahan ikan kayu sudah ada dan berkembang sejak tahun 700 sebelum masehi di Jepang. Di Indonesia khususnya di Sulawesi Utara mulai di perkenalkan pada tahun 1927 oleh orang Jepang bernama Hara Ko. Investasi baru dimulai pada tahun 1971 hingga sekarang. Investasi bidang pengolahan ikan menghadapi banyak kendala dan tantangan, yaitu (1) keterbatasan pangsa pasar, (2) Kepastian hukum tidak terjamin, (3) Investor dari luar daerah dan luar negeri berinvestasi dengan berpegang pada informasi minim mengenai budaya dan tradisi masyarakat lokal (4) moral kerja penduduk lokal amat tradisional jika tidak boleh dikatakan buruk.(5) Kebijakan investasi ditunjang oleh pemerintah daerah hanya pada level Bupati sedangkan level assiten, ke bawah sampai kelurahan lebih banyak menampilkan teror dan intimidasi kepada investor. Kata Kunci : pabrik ikan, investasi, sejarah, kendala, hambatan


Author(s):  
Sattar B. Sadkhan Al Maliky ◽  
Rana Saad

Chaos theory was originally developed by mathematicians and physicists. The theory deals with the behaviors of nonlinear dynamic systems. Chaos theory has desirable features, such as deterministic, nonlinear, irregular, long-term prediction, and sensitivity to initial conditions. Therefore, and based on chaos theory features, the security research community adopts chaos theory in modern cryptography. However, there are challenges of using chaos theory with cryptography, and this chapter highlights some of those challenges. The voice information is very important compared with the information of image and text. This chapter reviews most of the encryption techniques that adopt chaos-based cryptography, and illustrates the uses of chaos-based voice encryption techniques in wireless communication as well. This chapter summarizes the traditional and modern techniques of voice/speech encryption and demonstrates the feasibility of adopting chaos-based cryptography in wireless communications.


Target ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor M. Longa

The main concern of this article is to approach translation from the view of nonlinear dynamics. Thus, it makes use of theories related to such a type of dynamics (chaos theory and complexity science). This concern develops on two levels: firstly, the article argues that the abandonment of the traditional conception of translation and the raising of the current one actually agree with the evolution perceived in a great number of domains, such an evolution pointing to the rejection of deterministic positions. Secondly, it also defends the view that the translation process is entirely typical of the processes of nonlinear dynamics. Accordingly, key notions from nonlinear dynamics (such as sensitivity to initial conditions, phase transition, attractor or edge of chaos) are shown to apply to the nature of translation.


1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Beck

Chaos theory can be used as a metaphor for advising undecided students. Concepts from chaos theory viewed in this context include dependence on initial conditions, strange attractors, emergent behavior in complex systems, and fractals. Looking at advising in a new light often gives advisors new ways of responding to traditional problems. The lessons advisors can take from chaos theory may simply be “get back to the basics,” or they may open advisor and student minds to avenues for change.


Economics ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 460-493
Author(s):  
Sattar B. Sadkhan Al Maliky ◽  
Rana Saad

Chaos theory was originally developed by mathematicians and physicists. The theory deals with the behaviors of nonlinear dynamic systems. Chaos theory has desirable features, such as deterministic, nonlinear, irregular, long-term prediction, and sensitivity to initial conditions. Therefore, and based on chaos theory features, the security research community adopts chaos theory in modern cryptography. However, there are challenges of using chaos theory with cryptography, and this chapter highlights some of those challenges. The voice information is very important compared with the information of image and text. This chapter reviews most of the encryption techniques that adopt chaos-based cryptography, and illustrates the uses of chaos-based voice encryption techniques in wireless communication as well. This chapter summarizes the traditional and modern techniques of voice/speech encryption and demonstrates the feasibility of adopting chaos-based cryptography in wireless communications.


2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-289 ◽  

Whether every effect can be precisely linked to a given cause or to a list of causes has been a matter of debate for centuries, particularly during the 17th century, when astronomers became capable of predicting the trajectories of planets. Recent mathematical models applied to physics have included the idea that given phenomena cannot be predicted precisely, although they can be predicted to some extent, in line with the chaos theory. Concepts such as deterministic models, sensitivity to initial conditions, strange attractors, and fractal dimensions are inherent to the development of this theory A few situations involving normal or abnormal endogenous rhythms in biology have been analyzed following the principles of chaos theory. This is particularly the case with cardiac arrhythmias, but less so with biological clocks and circadian rhythms.


Author(s):  
Bellie Sivakumar

In hydrology, two modeling approaches have been prevalent: deterministic and stochastic. The ‘permanent’ nature of the Earth, ocean, and the atmosphere and the ‘cyclical’ nature of the associated mechanisms support the deterministic approach. The ‘highly irregular and complex’ nature of hydrologic processes and our ‘limited ability to observe’ the details favor the stochastic approach. In view of these, the question of whether a deterministic approach or a stochastic approach is better is meaningless. Indeed, for most hydrologic systems and processes, both the deterministic approach and the stochastic approach are complementary to each other and, thus, an approach that can couple these two and serve as a middle-ground would often be the most appropriate. ‘Chaos theory’ can offer such a coupled deterministic-stochastic approach, since its underlying concepts of nonlinear interdependence, hidden determinism and order, sensitivity to initial conditions are highly relevant in hydrology. The last two decades have witnessed numerous applications of chaos theory in hydrology. The outcomes of these studies are encouraging, but many challenges also remain. This chapter is intended: (1) to provide a comprehensive review of chaos theory applications in hydrology; and (2) to discuss the challenges that lie ahead and the scope for the future.


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