scholarly journals The Tensions of Strategic Communication Decision-Making: An Exploratory Examination of Theory and Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-242
Author(s):  
Robert Littlefield
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Strategic Communication ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Applied Theory ◽  
Relational Dialectics ◽  
Relational Dialectics Theory ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Communication Decisions

The Tensions of Strategic Communication Decision-Making (TSCD) is introduced as an applied theory describing the way decision-makers experience a risk or crisis and prioritize their strategic communication responses to maintain positive relationships with their publics. Relational Dialectics Theory is applied to illustrate how tensions between organizations and publics influence communication decisions. The strategic messages used by the World Health Organization regarding the Zika virus mega-crisis provide a backdrop illustrating how TSCD is enacted. Theoretical and practical implications for decision-making suggest that TSCD contributes to a more robust understanding of how the changing context in a crisis prompts the prioritization of strategic messages.

Post COVID-19 Potentials and Innovation: The Future Supply Chain

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1054-1057
Author(s):  
Bindu Swetha Pasuluri ◽  
Anuradha S G ◽  
Manga J ◽  
Deepak Karanam
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Wide ◽  
World Health ◽  
Future Supply ◽  
Entire World ◽  
Health Organization

An unanticipated outburst of pneumonia of inexperienced in Wuhan, , China stated in December 2019. World health organization has recognized pathogen and termed it COVID-19. COVID-19 turned out to be a severe urgency in the entire world. The influence of this viral syndrome is now an intensifying concern. Covid-19 has changed our mutual calculus of ambiguity. It is more world-wide in possibility, more deeply , and much more difficult than any catastrophe that countries and organizations have ever faced. The next normal requires challenging ambiguity head-on and building it into decision-making. It is examined that every entity involved in running supply chains would require through major as employee, product, facility protocols, and transport would have to be in place. It is an urgent need of structuring to apply the lessons well-read for our supply chain setup. With higher managers now being aware of the intrinsic hazards in their supply chain, key and suggestions-recommendations will help to guide leader to commit to a newly planned, more consistent supply chain setup. Besides, the employees’ mental health is also a great concern.

Multinational Outbreak Investigations

2019 ◽  
pp. 295-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Mahoney ◽  
James W. Le Duc
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
International Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
Health Events ◽  
The World ◽  
Outbreak Investigations ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Health Regulations

Multinational collaborations on international outbreak investigations and response have a long history. Development of the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1948 was closely linked to efforts by the global community to prevent, detect, and respond to outbreaks of international concern. Through the International Health Regulations (IHR) of 2005, a legally binding instrument requiring countries to report certain outbreaks and public health events, WHO outlined a strategy for disease threat response. Efforts by global partners to strengthen cooperation have evolved over the years, including roles and responsibilities of WHO, its Member States, and other partners. Among the challenges faced by Member State and WHO in implementing the IHRs are limited funding to support staffing and operational support as well as sometimes conflicting multijurisdictional decision-making. The response to recent outbreaks provides evidence that much work remains to be done to strengthen IHR mechanisms.

scholarly journals Rigorous surveillance is necessary for high confidence in end-of-outbreak declarations for Ebola and other infectious diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 374 (1776) ◽  
pp. 20180431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin N. Thompson ◽  
Oliver W. Morgan ◽  
Katri Jalava
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Public Health Decision ◽  
Infectious Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Travel Restrictions ◽  
Health Decision ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization considers an Ebola outbreak to have ended once 42 days have passed since the last possible exposure to a confirmed case. Benefits of a quick end-of-outbreak declaration, such as reductions in trade/travel restrictions, must be balanced against the chance of flare-ups from undetected residual cases. We show how epidemiological modelling can be used to estimate the surveillance level required for decision-makers to be confident that an outbreak is over. Results from a simple model characterizing an Ebola outbreak suggest that a surveillance sensitivity (i.e. case reporting percentage) of 79% is necessary for 95% confidence that an outbreak is over after 42 days without symptomatic cases. With weaker surveillance, unrecognized transmission may still occur: if the surveillance sensitivity is only 40%, then 62 days must be waited for 95% certainty. By quantifying the certainty in end-of-outbreak declarations, public health decision-makers can plan and communicate more effectively.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Modelling infectious disease outbreaks in humans, animals and plants: epidemic forecasting and control’. This issue is linked with the earlier theme issue ‘Modelling infectious disease outbreaks in humans, animals and plants: approaches and important themes’.

scholarly journals The Consensus Hepatitis C Cascade of Care: Standardized Reporting to Monitor Progress Toward Elimination

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 2218-2227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Safreed-Harmon ◽  
Sarah Blach ◽  
Soo Aleman ◽  
Signe Bollerup ◽  
Graham Cooke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
World Health ◽  
Strategic Decision Making ◽  
The World ◽  
Cascade Of Care ◽  
Standardized Reporting ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Monitoring Platform

Abstract Cascade-of-care (CoC) monitoring is an important component of the response to the global hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic. CoC metrics can be used to communicate, in simple terms, the extent to which national and subnational governments are advancing on key targets, and CoC findings can inform strategic decision-making regarding how to maximize the progression of individuals with HCV to diagnosis, treatment, and cure. The value of reporting would be enhanced if a standardized approach were used for generating CoCs. We have described the Consensus HCV CoC that we developed to address this need and have presented findings from Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, where it was piloted. We encourage the uptake of the Consensus HCV CoC as a global instrument for facilitating clear and consistent reporting via the World Health Organization (WHO) viral hepatitis monitoring platform and for ensuring accurate monitoring of progress toward WHO's 2030 hepatitis C elimination targets.

scholarly journals The Second Most Difficult Job in the World

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-281
Author(s):  
Jan Klabbers
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Practical Wisdom ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Conflicting Demands ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

This article addresses the ecology and functioning of the World Health Organization in a time of crisis, zooming in on the pressures on both the organization and its leadership generated by the circumstance that the organization cannot avoid allocating costs and benefits when taking decisions. The article argues that the covid-19 crisis illustrates how international organizations generally and the who in particular are subjected to conflicting demands, and how this impacts on the role of decision-makers. The latter, it transpires, need to display considerable practical wisdom.

scholarly journals Institutional review of glial tumors treated with chemotherapy: the first description of PCV-related pseudoprogression

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankur M Sharma ◽  
Michael Willcock ◽  
Oliver Bucher ◽  
Thelina Amaratunga ◽  
M Nazir Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Adjuvant Radiotherapy ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
World Health ◽  
Tumor Treatment ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Treatment Window

Abstract Background Pseudoprogression refers to areas of enhancement on MRI postadjuvant chemoradiation that arise as a result of treatment-related effects. Pseudoprogression has been well described with temozolomide-based chemoradiation but has not been studied in the setting of procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine (PCV) chemotherapy. We reviewed patients treated with PCV to investigate the occurrence of pseudoprogression. Methods Adults diagnosed with World Health Organization grade II or III gliomas between 2010 and 2015 and treated with PCV or temozolomide were identified. Patient, tumor, treatment, and MRI data were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Pseudoprogression was defined as new enhancement seen on MRI within 6 months of completion of adjuvant radiotherapy or concurrent chemoradiation, which improved or remained stable on subsequent scans without therapeutic intervention. If MRI showed areas of new enhancement outside the 6-month post-treatment window, which resolved or remained stable without treatment, or in patients who did not receive adjuvant treatment, it was referred to as “atypical pseudoprogression.” Results Fifty-seven patients were identified. Nine (16%) patients were identified as having pseudoprogression on MRI. Two (4%) of these patients were treated with PCV and 7 (12%) were treated with temozolomide. Seventeen (30%) patients had atypical pseudoprogression: 8 (14%) treated with temozolomide, 8 (14%) treated with PCV, and 1 (2%) treated with both types of chemotherapy. Conclusions We describe the first 2 cases of PCV-related pseudoprogression and 17 cases of atypical pseudoprogression. As the re-emergence of adjuvant PCV occurs in clinical practice, the occurrence of classical and atypical pseudoprogression could have a significant impact on clinical decision making.

scholarly journals Overcoming the Pandemic: Analysing the Ongoing Challenges in the Prevention of COVID-19 in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 630-652
Author(s):  
Puneeta Ajmera ◽  
Jaseela Majeed ◽  
Ramesh K. Goyal ◽  
Sheetal Yadav ◽  
Debraj Mukhopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Recent Outbreak ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control

World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the recent outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) a Pandemic and a global public health emergency. The eventual scope and consequences of this outbreak are uncertain at present as the condition is swiftly evolving. The purpose of this article is to cumulate existing published data and researches, identify the challenges with reference to India and develop a comprehensive preventive plan to prevent the spread of this deadly pandemic. The authors explored WHO situation dashboards, the web portal of Ministry of Health and Family Welfare of India and press reports of different countries, published literature on coronavirus transmission, textbooks, scientific and medical journals and several other sources to identify ongoing challenges in the fight against COVID-19 in India. After an exhaustive literature search, 15 ongoing challenges in the fight against novel COVID-19 especially with reference to India have been identified. After a thorough analysis of all these challenges along with the lessons from the International community, a preventive plan has been established to be devised by different agencies from our personal perspectives to overcome the challenges which may assist decision-makers in the prevention and control of COVID-19 in India.

Rhinovirus and Influenza Disease Swamedication Information System using the Multi Attribute Decision Making (MADM) method

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-55
Author(s):  
Husnul Khotimah ◽  
Tijaniyah
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
World Health ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Multi Attribute Decision Making ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Cost

Self-medication, known as self-medication, has now been widely used by people to treat their own diseases without a doctor's prescription. This is because the cost of examining and just consulting a doctor is very expensive for the community. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) self-medication is defined as the selection and use of drugs, including herbal and traditional medicine, by individuals to treat themselves from disease or symptoms of disease. As well as the world of digital information is currently mushrooming in various information systems to provide information to the public in real time. Therefore, the author will make a research on how web-based information systems can provide information to the public about self-medication for coughs and colds, which people often suffer from. The Multi Attribute Decision Making (MADM) method is one of the superior methods for calculating the parameters for drug decisions that can be consumed by the public, making it easier for people to choose the type of medicine according to the disease they are suffering

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document