JURIDICAL ANALYSIS OF VICTIMS OF THE ECONOMIC EXPLOITATION OF CHILDREN UNDER THE AGE TO REALIZE LEGAL PROTECTION FROM HUMAN RIGHTS ASPECTS

the Aspect of Human Rights (Research Study at the Office of Social Affairs and Community Empowerment), has been carried out as it should, in accordance with Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Amendments to the Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection (Supplementary Gazette of the State Gazette of 2014 Number 5606). The qualification/type of writing in this journal uses normative legal writing, and subsequently integrates it with sociological/empirical legal writing, and to analyze some of the problems in this journal, Satjipto Rahardjo's big theory of legal protection, Jeremy Bentham's middle theory, while Soerjono Soekanto's application/applied theory. The results of the field analysis show that legal protection for children as victims of economic exploitation has not been effective. This means that there are obstacles/obstacles in its implementation, including the obstacles faced in dealing with the problem of violence and economic exploitation of children, namely law enforcement in controlling children, not solving the root problem, only taking curative action, not preventing it. For this reason, it is hoped that the government together with law enforcers will pay more attention and take firm action regarding the problem of economic exploitation of street children, both in terms of guidance and legal sanctions for perpetrators of economic exploitation.

JURIDICAL ANALYSIS OF PARTICULAR TIME WORKING AGREEMENTS TO REALIZE THE PROTECTION OF WORKERS' RIGHTS AND WELFARE

Juridical Analysis of a Specific Time Work Agreement (PKWT) to Realize the Protection of Workers' Rights and Welfare (Research Study at the PT. Bersama Gemilang Property Batam Office), has been carried out as it should, in accordance with Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation. There are factors related to the protection of the rights and welfare of contract workers. The qualifications/types of writing in this journal use normative legal writing, and then integrate it with sociological/empirical legal writing, and to analyze some of the problems in this journal, Lawrence M. Friedmen's big theory, Jeremy Bentham's middle theory, and application theory are used. / applied theory Mochtar Kusumaatmadja. The results of the analysis are still experiencing several obstacles both internally and externally. The obstacles faced have not been the implementation of rights and welfare, which have been prioritized and carried out but not yet perfectly. It is very necessary and improved in terms of supervision in terms of quality and quantity in order to suppress and not give space to violators who do not comply with contract workers. There is also a need for wider socialization in a timely manner regarding the implementation of the new law on the rights and welfare of contract workers.

Improving diagnostic performance through feedback: the Diagnosis Learning Cycle

BackgroundErrors in reasoning are a common cause of diagnostic error. However, it is difficult to improve performance partly because providers receive little feedback on diagnostic performance. Examining means of providing consistent feedback and enabling continuous improvement may provide novel insights for diagnostic performance.MethodsWe developed a model for improving diagnostic performance through feedback using a six-step qualitative research process, including a review of existing models from within and outside of medicine, a survey, semistructured interviews with individuals working in and outside of medicine, the development of the new model, an interdisciplinary consensus meeting, and a refinement of the model.ResultsWe applied theory and knowledge from other fields to help us conceptualise learning and comparison and translate that knowledge into an applied diagnostic context. This helped us develop a model, the Diagnosis Learning Cycle, which illustrates the need for clinicians to be given feedback about both their confidence and reasoning in a diagnosis and to be able to seamlessly compare diagnostic hypotheses and outcomes. This information would be stored in a repository to allow accessibility. Such a process would standardise diagnostic feedback and help providers learn from their practice and improve diagnostic performance. This model adds to existing models in diagnosis by including a detailed picture of diagnostic reasoning and the elements required to improve outcomes and calibration.ConclusionA consistent, standard programme of feedback that includes representations of clinicians’ confidence and reasoning is a common element in non-medical fields that could be applied to medicine. Adapting this approach to diagnosis in healthcare is a promising next step. This information must be stored reliably and accessed consistently. The next steps include testing the Diagnosis Learning Cycle in clinical settings.

Development of a blended learning approach to delivering HIV assisted contact tracing in Malawi: applied theory and formative research (Preprint)

UNSTRUCTURED Despite progress towards the UNAIDS “95-95-95” targets (95% of HIV-positive persons tested, 95% of tested persons on treatment, and 95% of treated persons virally suppressed), a gap remains in achieving the first 95% target. Assisted contact tracing (ACT), in which health workers support HIV-positive indexes to recruit their contacts (sexual partners and children) for HIV testing, efficiently identify HIV-positive persons in need of treatment. ACT is recommended in the World Health Organization’s 2016 guidance, and although many countries, including Malawi, began implementing ACT, testing outcomes in routine settings have been worse than those in trial settings. To bridge the gap between research and practice and support scale-up in Malawi, a set of implementation strategies (“implementation package”) was developed using frameworks and theories. First, the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) guided qualitative research to identify key barriers and facilitators to intervention delivery. Limited clinic coordination and health worker capacity to address the complexities of ACT were identified as key barriers; ongoing individual training and group problem-solving were identified as facilitators. Next, the theory of expertise, social cognitive theory and principles of continuous quality improvement informed the development of the implementation package to address these barriers and facilitators. Finally, human-centered design principles guided the translation of the implementation package from in-person to digital delivery. This trajectory highlights the key roles behavioral theories, implementation frameworks, and technology can play in bringing an evidence-based intervention, such as ACT, to scale in a low-income setting like Malawi.

Applying theory in practice: views of graduating business students

PurposeUniversities have traditionally focused on imparting theoretical knowledge, which graduates then transfer to the workplace. However, the unpredictable modern workplace makes this transfer less certain. Whilst the gap between theory and practice has often been considered from an employer and academic standpoint, less is known about the graduate perspective. The purpose of this study is to determine the ways in which theoretical knowledge and practical experience interact for graduating students.Design/methodology/approachThe views of 86 undergraduate business approaching graduation were gathered on how they applied theory to practice during their recent internship.FindingsGraduating students apply theory that they have learnt at university through the direct application of fundamental knowledge and through workplace experience, which built on and deepened the knowledge accumulated at university. The findings indicate that there is, indeed, a gap between theory and practice but that employability skills may assist in the transfer process.Research limitations/implicationsThe research broadens the understanding of how theoretical knowledge is applied in practice and helps to determine if graduating students are prepared to meet the demands of an ever-changing workplace.Practical implicationsThe results give us insight into how theory and practice interact for graduating students and give support to universities further exploring experiential learning opportunities for students and continuing to the development of employability skills.Originality/valueThe findings encourage a more nuanced debate regarding the role of universities and that both the provision of core theoretical concept and employability skills are necessary for graduates to effectively use their academic education in the modern workplace.

Fatwa Qualification between Individual Training and Institutional Formation; An Applied Theory Study

يظل "المفتي" هو حجر الزاوية في العملية الإفتائية برمتها؛ حيث يقع على عاتقه عبء ومسئولية القيام بهذه المهمة الخطيرة والعظيمة؛ حيث هي في حقيقة الأمر إبلاغ عن الله مراده وأحكامه وتوقيع عنه. ونظرًا لإدراك أهل العلم خطورة منصب الفتوى وأهميته، فقد وضعوا مجموعة من الشروط والصفات التي ينبغي أن تتحقق فيمن يتصدر لهذه المهمة العظيمة والمسئولية الجسيمة، فتحدثوا عن عملية التأهيل والتكوين العلمي اللازم توافرها في المفتي وهذا ما يتناوله هذا البحث؛ حيث يتناول عملية التأهيل العلمي والبناء المعرفي للمتصدر للفتوى وفق مستويين: مستوى التكوين الذاتي والفردي. مستوى المؤسسات والهيئات والمراكز الإفتائية: والتي يقع على عاتقها القيام بمهمة التهيئة والتأهيل وفق واقع متشابك ومتداخل وتطور علمي ومعرفي كبير. وقد راعينا في هذا البحث طرح مقترح لخطة عملية تطبيقية يمكن للمؤسسات والهيئات العلمية المعنية بالفتوى وشئونها الاسترشاد بها وتطبيقها بحيث تحصل الثمرة المرجوة، وهي تكوين ذلك المفتي العصري المدرك لشانه العالم بزمانه. الكلمات المفاتيح: الإفتاء، التأهيل الإفتائي، التكوين المؤسسي، المؤسسات الإفتائية Abstract The Mufti remains the cornerstone of the entire fatwa process; wherein he shall bear the burden and responsibility of carrying out this grave and great task; where, in fact, it is to inform about God's will and provisions and to sign on Him. Because the scholars are aware of the seriousness and importance of the fatwa position, they have set a set of conditions and qualities that should be fulfilled by those who take the lead in this great task and grave responsibility. It deals with the process of scientific qualification and knowledge building for the issuer of the fatwa according to two levels;level of self and individual formation, and the level of institutions, bodies and fatwa centers: which are responsible for carrying out the task of preparation and rehabilitation according to an intertwined reality and a great scientific and cognitive development. We have taken into account in this research a proposal for an applied practical plan that the institutions and scientific bodies concerned with the fatwa and its affairs can be guided by and apply so that the desired fruit will be obtained, which is the formation of that modern mufti who is aware of the importance of the world in his time. Keywords: Ifta, fatwa qualification, institutional formation, fatwa institutions.

Fatwa Qualification between Individual Training and Institutional Formation; An Applied Theory Study

The Mufti remains the cornerstone of the entire fatwa process; wherein he shall bear the burden and responsibility of carrying out this grave and great task; where, in fact, it is to inform about God's will and provisions and to sign on Him. Because the scholars are aware of the seriousness and importance of the fatwa position, they have set a set of conditions and qualities that should be fulfilled by those who take the lead in this great task and grave responsibility. It deals with the process of scientific qualification and knowledge building for the issuer of the fatwa according to two levels;level of self and individual formation, and the level of institutions, bodies and fatwa centers: which are responsible for carrying out the task of preparation and rehabilitation according to an intertwined reality and a great scientific and cognitive development. We have taken into account in this research a proposal for an applied practical plan that the institutions and scientific bodies concerned with the fatwa and its affairs can be guided by and apply so that the desired fruit will be obtained, which is the formation of that modern mufti who is aware of the importance of the world in his time.

A Neurosociological Theory of Culturally and Structurally Situated Cognition and Ethno-Racial Stress

A longstanding body of literature reveals that experiences of discrimination and exclusion lead to health disadvantages by increasing physiological stress responses both in the body and the brain. However, a sociological view that takes into account structurally and culturally shaped biological processes is missing from the literature. Building on recent literature from the sociology of morality and values and the dual process model of culture, this paper proposes and provides preliminary evidence for an applied theory of culturally situated moral cognition as a coping mechanism with ethno-racial stress. I focus on values as they help cope with ethnicity and race related stress such as discrimination. Using functional neuroimaging data, I offer evidence that values operate through both explicit (controlled and conscious) processes recruiting brain regions like the dorsal prefrontal cortex, and implicit (automatic and non-conscious) processes recruiting regions like the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, to help cope with exclusion and discrimination.

Activated Ductile CFRP NSMR Strengthening

Significant strengthening of concrete structures can be obtained when using adhesively-bonded carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) systems. Challenges related to such strengthening methods are; however, the brittle concrete delamination failure, reduced warning, and the consequent inefficient use of the CFRP. A novel ductile near-surface mounted reinforcement (NSMR) CFRP strengthening system with a high CFRP utilization is introduced in this paper. It is hypothesized that the tailored ductile enclosure wedge (EW) end anchors, in combination with low E-modulus and high elongation adhesive, can provide significant strengthening and ductility control. Five concrete T-beams were strengthened using the novel system with a CFRP rod activation stress of approximately 980 MPa. The beam responses were compared to identical epoxy-bonded NSMR strengthened and un-strengthened beams. The linear elastic response was identical to the epoxy-bonded NSMR strengthened beam. In addition, the average deflection and yielding regimes were improved by 220% and 300% (average values), respectively, with an ultimate capacity comparable to the epoxy-bonded NSMR strengthened beam. Reproducible and predictable strengthening effect seems obtainable, where a good correlation between the results and applied theory was reached. The brittle failure modes were prevented, where concrete compression failure and frontal overload anchor failure were experienced when failure was initiated.

Evaluating student engagement and deep learning in interactive online psychology learning activities

There is growing demand for online learning activities that offer flexibility for students to study anywhere, anytime, as online students fit study around work and family commitments. We designed a series of online activities and evaluated how, where, and with what devices students used the activities, as well as their levels of engagement and deep learning with the activities. A mixed-methods design was used to explore students’ interactions with the online activities. This method integrated learning analytics data with responses from 63 survey, nine interview, and 16 focus group participants. We found that students used a combination of mobile devices to access the online learning activities across a variety of locations during opportunistic study sessions in order to fit study into their daily routines. The online activities were perceived positively, facilitating affective, cognitive, and behavioural engagement as well as stimulating deep learning. Activities that were authentic, promoted problem-solving, applied theory to real-life scenarios, and increased students’ feelings of being supported were perceived as most beneficial to learning. These findings have implications for the future design of online activities, where activities need to accommodate students’ need for flexibility as students’ study habits become more mobile.