The Role of Cardiac Computed Tomography in Tetralogy of Fallot and Pulmonary Atresia

Indonesian Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.30701/ijc.v36i1.443 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 52-61

Author(s):

Oktavia Lilyasari

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cardiac Catheterization ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Cardiac Computed Tomography ◽

Pulmonary Atresia ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Anatomy And Physiology ◽

Great Vessels

Congenital heart disease (CHD) occurs in about 6 to 8 of 1000 live births with the increasing prevalence can be attributed to major improvements in diagnosis and treatment. Imaging has an important role in diagnosis of CHD. It outlines anatomy and physiology, helps to refine management, evaluates the consequences of interventions and helps guide prognosis. However, no single available imaging modality fulfills these roles for all patients and diseases. Therefore, assessment for CHD must involve multimodalities that can be used in a complementary fashion, and that together are sensitive, accurate, reproducible, and cost effective, whilst minimizing harm.In previous years, the diagnosis and the treatment of congenital malformations have often depended on cardiac catheterization. In many institutions, cardiac catheterization still remains the gold standard against which other modalities are measured. In the past decade, however, imaging methodologies have increasingly shifted toward the use of less invasive and noninvasive techniques. Although echocardiography is the most commonly used imaging modality for diagnosis and follow-up of subjects with CHD, the evolution of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and increasingly computed tomography (CT) does offer new ways to visualize the heart and the great vessels.

Download Full-text

Role of multidetector computed tomography in evaluation of abdominal trauma in Sothern Rajasthan, India

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20192526 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 2350

Author(s):

Puran . ◽

Narendra Kumar Kardam

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽

Abdominal Trauma ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Abdominal Injury ◽

Male Predominance ◽

Ct Findings ◽

Highly Sensitive

Background: Abdominal injury constitutes a significant portion of all blunt and penetrating body injuries. Computed tomography is an important and fast technique which gives rapid information on the type of abdominal injury and helps in management of the patient accordingly. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the usefulness of Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) in detection of intra-abdominal injury in patients with blunt abdominal trauma and to provide information that could accurately determine choice of management (non- operative versus operative). And to correlate the computed tomography (CT) findings with either clinical observation, follow up CT scan (if required) or surgical findings (wherever applicable).Methods: A total of 50 patients with abdominal trauma who underwent computed tomography (CT) examination were included. CT findings were compared with surgical findings in operated cases, and in the rest CT findings were compared by clinical outcome.Results: Among the 50 cases studied, all 50 had positive CT findings of abdominal trauma, out of which 24 patients underwent surgery and the remaining were managed conservatively. The age group of the patients was ranging from 8 to 66 years with male predominance. In this study the commonest organs affected were liver and spleen accounting for 48% and 44% respectively.Conclusions: Computed tomography is an important and highly sensitive imaging modality for diagnosis of organ injuries in patients with abdominal trauma and accordingly deciding the management of patient.

Download Full-text

Role of Endoscopic Ultrasonography in the Staging and Follow-Up of Esophageal Cancer

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2005.20.644 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 23 (20) ◽

pp. 4483-4489 ◽

Cited By ~ 138

Author(s):

Charles J. Lightdale ◽

Ketan G. Kulkarni

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Esophageal Cancer ◽

Treatment Response ◽

Endoscopic Ultrasonography ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Regional Lymph Nodes ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Initial Staging

Purpose To evaluate the role of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in the initial staging and follow-up of esophageal cancer on the basis of a review of the published literature. Methods Articles published from 1985 to 2005 were searched and reviewed using the following keywords: “esophageal cancer staging,” “endoscopic ultrasound,” and “endoscopic ultrasonography.” Results For initial anatomic staging, EUS results have consistently shown more than 80% accuracy compared with surgical pathology for depth of tumor invasion (T). Accuracy increased with higher stage, and was >90% for T3 cancer. EUS results have shown accuracy in the range of 75% for initial staging of regional lymph nodes (N). EUS has been invariably more accurate than computed tomography for T and N staging. EUS is limited for staging distant metastases (M), and therefore EUS is usually performed after a body imaging modality such as computed tomography or positron emission tomography. Pathologic staging can be achieved at EUS using fine-needle aspiration (FNA) to obtain cytology from suspect Ns. FNA has had greatest efficacy in confirming celiac axis lymph node metastases with more than 90% accuracy. EUS is inaccurate for staging after radiation and chemotherapy because of inability to distinguish inflammation and fibrosis from residual cancer, but a more than 50% decrease in tumor cross-sectional area or diameter has been found to correlate with treatment response. Conclusion EUS has a central role in the initial anatomic staging of esophageal cancer because of its high accuracy in determining the extent of locoregional disease. EUS is inaccurate for staging after radiation therapy and chemotherapy, but can be useful in assessing treatment response.

Download Full-text

The role of imaging in the diagnosis and management of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Imaging ◽

10.1556/1647.2021.00048 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chiara Nardocci ◽

Judit Simon ◽

Fanni Kiss ◽

Tamás Györke ◽

Péter Szántó ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽

Positron Emission ◽

Chronic Progressive Disease

ABSTRACTIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive disease lacking a definite etiology, characterized by the nonspecific symptoms of dyspnea and dry cough. Due to its poor prognosis, imaging techniques play an essential role in diagnosing and managing IPF. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) has been shown to be the most sensitive modality for the diagnosis of pulmonary fibrosis. It is the primary imaging modality used for the assessment and follow-up of patients with IPF. Other not commonly used imaging methods are under research, such as ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography-computed tomography are alternative imaging techniques. This literature review aims to provide a brief overview of the imaging of IPF-related alterations.

Download Full-text

Faculty Opinions recommendation of Can cardiac computed tomography predict cardiovascular events in asymptomatic type-2 diabetics?: results of a long term follow-up.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.718233211.793510535 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Nathan Wong

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cardiovascular Events ◽

Cardiac Computed Tomography ◽

Type 2 Diabetics ◽

Long Term Follow Up

Download Full-text

Cardiac Computed Tomography Is Cost-Effective Compared With Exercise Stress Testing in Investigating Patients With Stable Chest Pain

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3568982 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Fawad Khattak

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Chest Pain ◽

Stress Testing ◽

Cardiac Computed Tomography ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Exercise Stress ◽

Exercise Stress Testing ◽

Stable Chest Pain

Download Full-text

The Role of Atrial Fibrosis Detected by Delayed - Enhancement MRI in Atrial Fibrillation Ablation

Current Medical Imaging Formerly Current Medical Imaging Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573405614666180806130327 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 135-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zsuzsanna Kis ◽

Astrid Amanda Hendriks ◽

Taulant Muka ◽

Wichor M. Bramer ◽

Istvan Kovacs ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Atrial Fibrosis ◽

Atrial Wall ◽

Af Ablation ◽

Left Atrial Wall ◽

Cmr Imaging

Introduction: Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is associated with remodeling of the atrial tissue, which leads to fibrosis that can contribute to the initiation and maintenance of AF. Delayed- Enhanced Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (DE-CMR) imaging for atrial wall fibrosis detection was used in several studies to guide AF ablation. The aim of present study was to systematically review the literature on the role of atrial fibrosis detected by DE-CMR imaging on AF ablation outcome. Methods: Eight bibliographic electronic databases were searched to identify all published relevant studies until 21st of March, 2016. Search of the scientific literature was performed for studies describing DE-CMR imaging on atrial fibrosis in AF patients underwent Pulmonary Vein Isolation (PVI). Results: Of the 763 citations reviewed for eligibility, 5 articles (enrolling a total of 1040 patients) were included into the final analysis. The overall recurrence of AF ranged from 24.4 - 40.9% with median follow-up of 324 to 540 days after PVI. With less than 5-10% fibrosis in the atrial wall there was a maximum of 10% recurrence of AF after ablation. With more than 35% fibrosis in the atrial wall there was 86% recurrence of AF after ablation. Conclusion: Our analysis suggests that more extensive left atrial wall fibrosis prior ablation predicts the higher arrhythmia recurrence rate after PVI. The DE-CMR imaging modality seems to be a useful method for identifying the ideal candidate for catheter ablation. Our findings encourage wider usage of DE-CMR in distinct AF patients in a pre-ablation setting.

Download Full-text

Efficacy of chest X-ray in the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia: comparison with computed tomography through a simplified scoring system designed for triage

Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine ◽

10.1186/s43055-021-00541-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Akın Çinkooğlu ◽

Selen Bayraktaroğlu ◽

Naim Ceylan ◽

Recep Savaş

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Intensive Care Units ◽

Scoring System ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Ground Glass Opacity ◽

Initial Presentation ◽

X Ray ◽

Chest X Ray

Abstract Background There is no consensus on the imaging modality to be used in the diagnosis and management of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. The purpose of this study was to make a comparison between computed tomography (CT) and chest X-ray (CXR) through a scoring system that can be beneficial to the clinicians in making the triage of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia at their initial presentation to the hospital. Results Patients with a negative CXR (30.1%) had significantly lower computed tomography score (CTS) (p < 0.001). Among the lung zones where the only infiltration pattern was ground glass opacity (GGO) on CT images, the ratio of abnormality seen on CXRs was 21.6%. The cut-off value of X-ray score (XRS) to distinguish the patients who needed intensive care at follow-up (n = 12) was 6 (AUC = 0.933, 95% CI = 0.886–0.979, 100% sensitivity, 81% specificity). Conclusions Computed tomography is more effective in the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia at the initial presentation due to the ease detection of GGOs. However, a baseline CXR taken after admission to the hospital can be valuable in predicting patients to be monitored in the intensive care units.

Download Full-text