scholarly journals High Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System Sensitivity, Childhood Emotional Neglect and Their Interaction as Possible Related Factors for Adult Attachment Style in Depression

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
Hyu Jung Huh ◽  
Bo Ram Jeong ◽  
Ji Hyun Hwang ◽  
Jeong-Ho Chae
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Adult Attachment ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Behavioral Activation ◽  
Insecure Attachment ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition System ◽  
Emotional Neglect ◽  
Adult Attachment Style ◽  
Activation System

Objective Individual differences in attachment insecurity are important in a broad range of mental health problems. However, few empirical studies have examined the clinical factors that contribute to individual differences in attachment style. This study examines the nature of interrelationships among adult attachment styles, sensitivities of behavioral activation system/behavioral inhibition system (BIS/BAS), and childhood trauma in patients with depressive disorders.Methods Patients with depressive disorders (n=294) completed self-report questionnaires evaluating adult attachment style, childhood trauma, and BIS/BAS sensitivity. We performed multiple regression analyses to examine the associations between attachment style and other clinical factors, including childhood trauma and BIS/BAS sensitivity. We also conducted hierarchical regression analyses and simple slope analyses to examine the interaction between BIS/BAS sensitivity and childhood trauma.Results The BAS sensitivity was negatively associated with attachment avoidance. The higher was the BIS/BAS sensitivity, the higher was the level of attachment anxiety. Among childhood trauma, emotional neglect contributed to both dimensions of insecure attachment. The interaction between BAS sensitivity and emotional neglect is significantly associated with attachment anxiety.Conclusion This study used data regarding the interrelationship of childhood trauma and basic motivational systems to contribute to the understanding of adult insecure attachment behaviors, a risk factor for depression.

Early-life adversities and adult attachment in depression and alexithymia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jani Kajanoja ◽  
Max Karukivi ◽  
Noora M. Scheinin ◽  
Hanna Ahrnberg ◽  
Linnea Karlsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Adult Attachment ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Attachment Anxiety ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Emotional Neglect ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adult Attachment Style ◽  
Personality Construct

Abstract Alexithymia is a personality construct characterized by difficulties in identifying and verbalizing feelings, a restricted imagination, and an externally oriented thinking style. As alexithymia shows marked overlap with depression, its independent nature as a personality construct is still being debated. The etiology of alexithymia is unknown, although childhood emotional neglect and attachment formation are thought to play important roles. In the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, experiences of early-life adversities (EA) and childhood maltreatment (CM) were studied in a sample of 2,604 men and women. The overlap and differences between depression and alexithymia were investigated by comparing their associations with EA types and adult attachment style. Alexithymia was specifically associated with childhood emotional neglect (odds ratio (OR) 3.8, p < .001), whereas depression was related to several types of EA. In depression co-occurring with alexithymia, there was a higher prevalence of emotional neglect (81.3% vs. 54.4%, p < .001), attachment anxiety (t = 2.38, p = .018), and attachment avoidance (t = 4.03, p < .001). Early-life adversities were markedly different in the alexithymia group compared to those suffering from depression, or healthy controls. Depression with concurrent alexithymia may represent a distinct subtype, specifically associated with childhood experiences of emotional neglect, and increased attachment insecurity compared to non-alexithymic depression.

scholarly journals Study on the Difference of BIS/BAS Scale between Sasang Types

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Jin Lee ◽  
Sung Hye Kim ◽  
Nangyeon Lim ◽  
Mi Young Ahn ◽  
Han Chae
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Behavioral Activation ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition System ◽  
Reward Responsiveness ◽  
Behavioral Activation System ◽  
Activation System ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fun Seeking ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Behavior Inhibition

Introduction. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in temperament between So-Yang (SY) and So-Eum (SE) Sasang types using Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System (BIS/BAS) scale to elucidate the biopsychological mechanism underlying the Sasang typology, a traditional Korean personalized medicine.Methods. 248 university students were categorized into three Sasang types, and series oft-tests were conducted, separately for male and female participants, to examine the difference of Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS), Behavioral Activation System (BAS), BAS-Drive (BAS-D), BAS-Fun Seeking (BAS-FS), and BAS-Reward Responsiveness (BAS-RR) scores between SY and SE Sasang types.Results. There were significant differences between Sasang types in the BIS/BAS subscales with consideration of gender. In male participants, BAS-total score of SY type (39.75±4.56) was significantly (t=2.462,p=0.016) higher than that of SE type (36.68±4.97). On the other hand, in female participants, BIS score of SY type (20.10±4.01) was significantly (t=-2.097,p=0.039) lower than that of SE type (21.83±3.91).Discussion. The current study suggested relationship between Sasang typology and Behavior Inhibition and Activation Systems and showed significant differences in BIS/BAS scale between SY and SE Sasang types. Further studies on biological base of Sasang typology are needed.

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