The Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases in Diabetes Mellitus: Role of Glycemic Control

The paper reviews publications concerned the role of nonesterifi ed fatty acids (NEFA) in pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. NEFAs are four and more carbons chain length carbonic acids and they are presented in free form (nonesterifi ed) in human body. Plasma NEFAs are produced by the adipose tissue triglyceride lipolysis, another source are lipoproteins such as chylomicrons, very low density lipoproteins and intermediate density lipoproteins. Elevated NEFA concentrations in plasma are the risk factor of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus and the independent risk factor of hypertension and sudden death. NEFA plasma concentration is elevated in atherosclerosis, acute myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension, and often in metabolic syndrome. A probable cause of NEFAs accumulation in plasma may be overeating and low physical activity, which result in increase of adipose tissue mass, lipolysis intensifi cation and elevation of NEFAs concentration in plasma. The role of elevated plasma NEFA concentration in a number of conditions (abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, endothelial dysfunction, vascular infl ammation, atherosclerosis, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, rhythm disturbances, sudden death) and possible ways of their correction are discussed.

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Cardiovascular diseases in diabetic patients

Cardiosomatics ◽

10.26442/cs44963 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 46-50

Author(s):

I. Y Yarek-Martynova ◽

M. V Shestakova

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Metabolic Disturbances ◽

Lower Extremity Ischemia ◽

Traditional Risk Factors ◽

Extremity Ischemia

The review pays attention to a considerable rise in the incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and to its association with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and events. It is noted that these events may be present much earlier than DM is diagnosed. The paper also discusses in detail a role of hyperglycemia, postprandial one in particular, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction, impaired blood rheological properties, lipid metabolic disturbances, and genetic and traditional risk factors in the development of atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, chronic heart failure, cerebrovascular diseases, and lower extremity ischemia in DM.

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Role of preventive national program in combating diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases

Journal of Integrative Cardiology ◽

10.15761/jic.1000164 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 303-307

Author(s):

Osman El-Labban

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

National Program

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Role of angiostatins in diabetic complications

Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya ◽

10.18097/pbmc20156101041 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 41-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A.A. Tykhomyrov ◽

S.I. Shram ◽

T.V. Grinenko

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Diabetic Complications ◽

Causative Factor ◽

Vascular Abnormalities ◽

Number Of Factors ◽

First Time ◽

Review Current ◽

Diagnostics And Therapy

Angiogenesis is a process through which new blood vessels form from pre-existing vessels. Angiogenesis is regulated by a number of factors of peptide nature. Disbalance of angiogenic system appears to be the major causative factor contributing vascular abnormalities in diabetes mellitus, resulting in various complications. Angiostatins, which are kringle-containing fragments of plasminogen/plasmin, are known to be powerful physiological inhibitors of neovascularization. In the present review, current literature data on peculiarities of production of angiostatins and their functioning at diabetes mellitus are summarized and analyzed for the first time. Also, role of angiostatins in the pathogenesis of typical diabetic complications, including retinopathies, nephropathies and cardiovascular diseases, is discussed. Data presented in this review may be useful for elaboration of novel effective approaches for diagnostics and therapy of vascular abnormalities in diabetes mellitus.

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Revisiting Role of HbA1c

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i43a32492 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 318-323

Author(s):

Sanjyoti Panchbudhe ◽

Shilpa Kumar ◽

Suresh Babu Kondaveeti

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Influencing Factors ◽

Reference Range ◽

Diagnostic Marker ◽

Glycated Haemoglobin ◽

Common Occurrence ◽

Short Term ◽

Physiological Variations

With the increasing use of HbA1c as a diagnostic marker, more values at the lower end of the reference range can be observed. As more emphasis has been on decreasing and controlling a rising value of glycated haemoglobin, it is currently uncertain how to interpret low HbA1c values. Various conditions not related to diabetes, but with a fairly common occurrence, influence HbA1c. Alternative indices may have to be used for assessing glycemic control in these cases. It is important that such influencing factors are looked into when evaluating an inappropriately or expectantly low HbA1c value. HbA1c is a biomarker that might have utility beyond just diabetes mellitus. Its role needs to be re-examined as it is a test which is widely available, less amenable to short term physiological variations, and can be easily studied. All that is required is a different perspective or approach to its utility.

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