scholarly journals Biocontrol a possibile option to control manuka beetle (Pyronota spp) causing pasture damage on dairy farms on the West Coast

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 388-388
Author(s):  
R.J. Townsend ◽  
T.A. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Beauveria Brongniartii ◽  
The West ◽  
Laboratory Bioassay ◽  
Costelytra Zealandica ◽  
The Common ◽  
Low Levels

Manuka beetle (Pyronota spp Bois Coleoptera Scarabaeidae) has often been reported causing pasture damage frequently in areas close to bush margins Larvae feed on the roots of pasture species producing damage that is often attributed to grass grub (Costelytra zealandica) During 200607 significant pasture damage was observed in dairy pastures established on flipped developments on sandy soils near Cape Foulwind and on hump and hollow developments near Bell Hill north of Lake Brunner Sampling revealed damage was caused by high populations of manuka beetle larvae; no grass grubs were found in either region The common manuka beetle Pyronota festiva was identified from both areas and a second Pyronota species (P edwardsi or P setosa) was found only on the sandy soils at Cape Foulwind A pathogen survey of Pyronota larvae from both regions showed very low levels of infection by bacterial and protozoan pathogens but did reveal moderate infection by the fungi Metarhizium and Beauveria in 3rd instar larvae A laboratory bioassay at 15C showed late third instar Pyronota spp larvae were susceptible to infection by Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana spores mixed into soil Further work will evaluate a promising local Beauveria brongniartii isolate as a biocontrol option against this emerging pest

scholarly journals OBSERVATIONS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRIVATE DAIRY FARMS IN NORTHLAND: 1. The Dairy Farmer's Viewpoint

1967 ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
C. Vallance
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sea Spray ◽  
The West ◽  
Westerly Winds

ELEVEN YEARS AGO, I purchased land on the west coast 10 miles south-east of Dargaville. It is rolling country with sandy soils of two types, one of good quality, and known as Red Hill sand, and the other, Te Kopuru sand, a sandy gumland with a pan beneath. The climate is generally mild, but very strong westerly winds carrying sea spray are a feature of the area, and the effects of dry summers are felt very quickly. The farm comprises 131 acres, and was purchased in two blocks, one of 85 acres and one of 46 acres. In 1956, I went on to the farm with 44 heifers of my own, and 5 cows and 20 yearlings I had purchased. The only other things I owned were a truck, a tractor 20 years old, and a mower.

Low levels of microplastics recorded from the common periwinkle, Littorina littorea on the west coast of Ireland

2019 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 110645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darragh Doyle ◽  
Martin Gammell ◽  
João Frias ◽  
Gráinne Griffin ◽  
Róisín Nash
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Littorina Littorea ◽  
The West ◽  
The Common ◽  
Low Levels

Taxonomy of the genus Ehrharta (Poaceae) in southern Africa: the Villosa group

Bothalia ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Gibbs Russell
Keyword(s):  
Southern Africa ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Far East ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Southern Coast ◽  
Succulent Karoo ◽  
The West

The Villosa species group in the genus  Ehrharta Thunb. is differentiated morphologically by very large, profusely hairy, bearded and aristate spikelets and by a suffrutescent habit, with culms woody at the base and with reduced leaf blades. The Villosa group is composed of two species, one with a variety: E. thunbergii Gibbs Russell, nom. nov., E. villosa Schult. f. var.  villosa and E. villosa var. maxima Stapf. Members of the group occur on sandy soils in the Succulent Karoo and Fynbos Biomes, along the west coast in Strandveld and on the southern coast as far east as the Fish River. Morphologically, the group appears to be related to the Calycina and Capensis groups.

RECORDS OF ADDITIONAL EUROPEAN SAWFLIES IN AMERICA AND DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW VARIETIES OF NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES

1932 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 247-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert H. Ross
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North American ◽  
West Coast ◽  
River Valley ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Alnus Rubra ◽  
Fraser River ◽  
The West ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Common

This species has apparently been introduced in recent years and become established as a pest of the common native alder (Alnus rubra) on the west coast of Washington and British Columbia, particularly in the lower part of the Fraser River Valley. The earliest specimens I have at hand are a series of 15 females taken at White Rock, B. C., June 28, 1929, collected by Mr. G. Beall.

The Occurrence of British Aplysia

1949 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 795-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula M. Grigg
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
West Coast ◽  
British Museum ◽  
Museum Collection ◽  
The West ◽  
Sea Hare ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
History Books

On 13 November 1947 a specimen of the sea hare, Aplysia depilans L., which had been trawled in Babbacombe Bay, was sent to the Plymouth Laboratory. When it was realized that the animal was not the common A. punctata Cuv., collecting trips to likely places were undertaken in the hope of finding more. No others were found, but on one of the expeditions Dr D. P. Wilson picked up a specimen of A. limacina L.Both A. depilans and A. limacina are found in the Mediterranean and on the west coast of Europe: A. depilans has been found in British seas before, but so far as is known A. limacina has not.These occurrences provide the main reason for publishing this study. The paper also includes an account of the distribution of aplysiids in British waters and a review of the controversy over the identity of large specimens. As the animals are not usually described in natural history books, notes on the field characters are added.I would like to thank the Director of the Plymouth Laboratory for affording me laboratory and collecting facilities and for his interest in the work. I am most grateful to Dr G. Bacci, who went to much trouble to send me specimens from Naples; to Dr W. J. Rees, who arranged for me to have access to the British Museum collection; to Dr D. P. Wilson, who has provided the photographs of A. punctata (Pl. I) and A. limacina (Pl. II); and to D. J. Slinn, who prepared the map.

scholarly journals Grass grub distribution on the upper West Coast defined by soil sampling and pheromone trapping

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 376-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Townsend ◽  
J.E. Dunbar ◽  
T.A. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
The West ◽  
Single Male ◽  
Pheromone Trapping ◽  
Costelytra Zealandica ◽  
Flight Season ◽  
Accidental Introduction

The New Zealand grass grub (Costelytra zealandica) is distributed throughout the South Island but surprisingly has not been recorded west of Reefton In 2006 pasture damage from rootfeeding scarab larvae on the West Coast initially attributed to grass grub was found to be caused by manuka beetles Pyronota spp Winter surveys during 20082012 between Karamea and Hokitika confirmed that most damage patches were caused by manuka beetle larvae but there was a small localised population of C zealandica associated with Westport airport and golf course In 2012 a network of phenolbaited pheromone traps was established around this epicenter during the grass grub flight season with traps spaced at approximately 05 km intervals Traps within the identified zone of grass grub infestation caught 15 beetles per night Single male beetles were trapped up to 75 km from the epicenter but with no evidence of established populations from larval sampling It is likely that the localised grass grub population became established after an accidental introduction of insects with soil or plant material to the modified and drained airport and golf course environments and may act as an infestation source for other areas Pastures on the nearby newlyflipped land of Cape Foulwind may also be suitable for grass grub and should be regularly inspected to anticipate and prevent outbreaks

scholarly journals XXXIII.—The Trap Dykes of the Orkneys

1900 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 865-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Flett
Keyword(s):  
Simple Form ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Basaltic Rock ◽  
The West ◽  
Red Sandstone ◽  
North West ◽  
The Common ◽  
Granite Outcrop

The existence of a series of trap dykes cutting the Old Red Sandstone strata of the Orkneys has been noted by most of the geologists who have examined the islands. In his description of the Mainland or Pomona, Professor Jameson states (I., p. 233, vol i.) that “at Yesknaby is the only basaltic rock which I observed in the whole island. It forms veins which traverse the common argillaceous sandstone. The crystals of hornblende, which are contained in it, are larger than usual in such rocks, being more than an inch long and half an inch broad. I sometimes observed small cavities filled with bitumen.” Sir Archibald Geikie, in his account of the Old Red Sandstone of Orkney, remarks (II., p. 408): “Here and there a few basalt dykes—far outlying portions, no doubt, of the great Tertiary series of the West of Scotland—cut through the flagstones with a prevalent direction towards west or north-west.” Messrs Peach and Horne, in their paper on The Old Red Sandstone of Orkney (III., p. 14), describe them in the following terms: “Several dykes of basalt were observed among the islands. They are most numerous and conspicuous on the west coast of the Mainland from Breckness to Skaill, but as they have been so often described, it is unnecessary to refer to them in detail. They have the same lithological characters, and behave in exactly the same manner as the dykes in other parts of Scotland, which have been regarded as the product of volcanic energy in Miocene times. A noticeable feature about the Orcadian representatives is, that they are usually divided up the centre of the dyke by a line of vesicles. This is not an uncommon feature elsewhere.” In the chapter on the Geology of Orkney in Tudor's The Orkneys and Shetland, by the same authors, the dykes are referred to in similar terms (IV., p. 191). A somewhat more minute examination of these dykes was made by Professor M. Foster Heddle. He notes the presence of augite, olivine, and hornblende in certain dykes near Skaill (V., p. 118), and gives a map of the dyke which cuts the west end of the granite outcrop at Inganess (V., pl. viii.). He figures also a crystal of augite of simple form which he found in a dyke on Scabra Head, Rousay (V., p. 128).

Feeding, growth and reproduction of the marine planktonic copepod Temora longicornis Müller

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 675-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.P. Harris ◽  
G.-A. Paffenhöfer
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
English Channel ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Temora Longicornis ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Inshore Waters ◽  
The Common ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

INTRODUCTIONThe copepod Temora longicornis Miiller is one of the common zooplankton species in the North Sea and adjacent waters. All developmental stages have been recorded throughout the year off the west coast of Sweden, Temora being considered more common in offshore than inshore waters (Eriksson, 1973). In Loch Striven on the west coast of Scotland it was abundant only in summer, living mainly near the surface (Marshall, 1949). Similarly in the English Channel off Plymouth Temora is present mainly during the summer months (Digby, 1950). T. longicornis was found throughout the year in the Northfrisian Waddensea with temperatures ranging from ca. 1–20 °C (K¨nne, 1952).

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