Feeding, growth and reproduction of the marine planktonic copepod Temora longicornis Müller

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 675-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.P. Harris ◽  
G.-A. Paffenhöfer
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
English Channel ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Temora Longicornis ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Inshore Waters ◽  
The Common ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

INTRODUCTIONThe copepod Temora longicornis Miiller is one of the common zooplankton species in the North Sea and adjacent waters. All developmental stages have been recorded throughout the year off the west coast of Sweden, Temora being considered more common in offshore than inshore waters (Eriksson, 1973). In Loch Striven on the west coast of Scotland it was abundant only in summer, living mainly near the surface (Marshall, 1949). Similarly in the English Channel off Plymouth Temora is present mainly during the summer months (Digby, 1950). T. longicornis was found throughout the year in the Northfrisian Waddensea with temperatures ranging from ca. 1–20 °C (K¨nne, 1952).

Population dispersal in the brittle-star Ophiocomina nigra (Abildgaard) (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea)

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Wilson ◽  
N. A. Holme ◽  
R. L. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
English Channel ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Sea Bed ◽  
Cook Strait ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Irish Sea

A number of species of ophiuroid are known to occur in dense clusters on the sea-bed. Aggregations of Ophiothrix fragilis (Abildgaard) have been recorded from the English Channel by Allen (1899), Vevers (1951, 1952), Barnes (1955), Ancellin (1957), Cabioch (1961, 1967, 1968), Holme (1966), Warner (1969, 1971), and by Allain (1974). Beds of the same species have been found in the Irish Sea by Jones (1951) and by Brun (1969), on the west coast of Ireland by Könnecker & Keegan (1973) and Keegan (1974), and on the west coast of Scotland, where it is widespread in sea lochs and elsewhere around the coast (McIntyre, 1956, and personal communication, 1975). Records of Ophiothrix fragilis from the North Sea have been summarized by Ursin (1960). In the Mediterranean, aggregations of Ophiothrix quinquemaculata (D.Ch.) have been described by Guille (1964, 1965) from off the south coast of France, and by Czihak (1959) from the Adriatic. Hurley (1959) gives underwater photographs of Ophiocomina bollonsi Farquhar from the Cook Strait, New Zealand. Further examples of aggregation in ophiuroids and other echinoderms are cited by Reese (1966), Mileykovskiy (1967) and by Warner (1978).

Further Investigation upon the Water Movements in the English Channel. Drift-Bottle Experiments in the Summers of 1927, 1928 and 1929, with Critical Notes on Drift-Bottle Experiments in General.

1930 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Carruthers
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
North Sea ◽  
English Channel ◽  
The North ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Common ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Great Simplicity ◽  
Simple Surface

In July–August of three different years common surface-floating bottles were set adrift at International Station E2 (49° 27' N.—4° 42' W.). With them, various types of drag-fitted bottles were also put out. The journeys accomplished are discussed, and the striking differences as between year and year in the case of the common surface floaters, and as between the different types in the same year, are commented upon in the light of the prevailing winds. An inter-relationship of great simplicity is deduced between wind speed and the rate of travel of simple surface floating bottles up-Channel and across the North Sea from the results of experiments carried out in four different summers.

Determinacy of fecundity in sole (Solea solea) from the Bristol Channel

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 803-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Horwood ◽  
M. Greer Walker
Keyword(s):  
Bay Of Biscay ◽  
English Channel ◽  
Potential Fecundity ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
The North ◽  
Size Frequency ◽  
Solea Solea ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Sole

Ovaries of the common sole (Solea solea (Linnaeus)) were collected prior to, or at the beginning of, spawning from the spawning grounds in the Bristol Channel. Size frequency distributions of oocytes over 100 μm are presented. They clearly show a break in the size frequency distributions, at about 170 μm, indicating that the production of new oocytes to be spawned that season had ceased. It indicates that the sole is a determinate spawner and that, at least for this population, an annual potential fecundity can be measured. Estimated annual fecundity at length of Bristol Channel sole is calculated, and values are compared with those found for sole from the North Sea, eastern English Channel and the Bay of Biscay.

scholarly journals Why do jellyfish bloom in Norwegian waters and what can be done to recover the ecosystems in the North Sea and on the Norwegian coast?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Hamre
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
The West ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Norwegian Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The North Sea

The ecosystems with their relationships between fish species and stocks, have been established by evolution for millions of years, but during the last 50 years, the ecosystems in the North Sea and along the Norwegian coast have been changed fundamentally by fisheries. The North Sea mackerel stock has been depleted and its feeding grounds have been invaded by the Western mackerel which spawns west of Ireland. This stock is now very rich in numbers and occupies the North Sea, the Norwegian Sea and the western Barents Sea. If the trend continues, mackerel may outcompete many of the other fish stocks in the area. Traditionally and until the beginning of the 1970s, there was a large stock of sandeel spawning in the North Sea and on the Norwegian coast. Sandeel juveniles was an important food source for a wide range of species, including sea mammals and birds. The fact that this stock has also been overfished, may explain many changes observed in the ecosystem on the west coast of Norway, for example a large reduction in the populations of sea birds. There are several instances where ecosystems shift to sustain jellyfish blooms in response to depletion of forage fish stocks. This was registered in Namibia in the 1990’s, where the pilchard stock was decimated and the biomass of jellyfish soon became overwhelming. On the west-coast of Norway, there are now frequent blooms of jellyfish, yet another indication that a controlling factor is missing in the system, in this case sandeel, which is a key species in the transfer of nutrients from zooplankton to higher trophic levels in the area. In this paper, I give a description of the situation and some suggested measures that should be taken in fisheries management.

Monopseudocuma a new genus from the North East Atlantic and redescription of Pseudocuma gilsoni Bacescu, 1950 (Cumacea: Pseudocumatidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1203 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
ALISON M. MCCARTHY ◽  
SARAH GERKEN ◽  
DAVID MCGRATH ◽  
GRACE P. MCCORMACK
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
West Coast ◽  
New Genus ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

The validity of Pseudocuma gilsoni B|cescu 1950 has been questioned in the past. The recent discovery of material in Irish waters, and in the North Sea, confirms the presence of the species in the North East Atlantic and provides the opportunity to present a full redescription. A new genus, Monopseudocuma, is erected to accommodate the species. A neotype is designated from the West coast of Ireland.

scholarly journals The vertical temperature gradients on the West Coast of Scotland and at Oxshott, Surrey

1906 ◽  
Vol 77 (519) ◽  
pp. 440-458
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Temperature Gradients ◽  
Vertical Temperature ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Grant

In a paper by Dr. Shaw and the author read before the Royal Society on May 14, 1903, an account of an investigation into the conditions of the upper air over the sea in the neighbourhood of Crinan, on the West Coast of Scotland, was given. Since that time two fresh series of observations in the same locality have been obtained, the results of which are now submitted. In each case observations of temperature and humidity were made by self-recording instruments sent up by means of one or more kites, which were flown from the deck of a steam vessel. Expenses. The expense has been met by a grant of £200 made by the Government Grant Committee, a grant of £50 made by the British Association at the Southport Meeting, and of £40 at the Cambridge Meeting; and also by an anonymous contribution of £25 by a Fellow of the Royal Meteorological Society. These grants have not been used entirely for the observations at Crinan, but have afforded the means of carrying on experimental work at Oxshott; by them, too, apparatus for a separate investigation carried out by Mr. G. Simpson on the North Sea has been provided. For the observations at Crinan in 1903 a tug was hired, and the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, at the request of the Royal Society, kindly provided a very convenient vessel, H. M. S. “Seahorse,” for six weeks, commencing on June 19, 1904. The Meteorological Council lent the necessary instruments, and bore the expense of maintaining a base station during both summers. They also greatly assisted the work by sending a daily telegram with a forecast of the weather, and a statement of the magnitude of the barometric gradient.

A buried valley system in the Strait of Dover

1975 ◽  
Vol 279 (1288) ◽  
pp. 243-253 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Water Channel ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
English Channel ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Palynological Study ◽  
Eemian Interglacial

A series of buried valleys situated south of the submerged Chalk outcrop of the Strait of Dover and eroded down to — 170 m n .g.f. || are recognized as infilled tunnel-valleys excavated subglacially during the Warthe Phase of the Saalian glaciation beneath an ice sheet that advanced up the English Channel from the west. Before the Saalian a Chalk ridge joined England and France. Later in the Warthe, ice withdrew from the English Channel and an ice lobe from the North Sea overrode the Chalk ridge to extend some distance down-Channel, eroding some deep NNE-SSW hollows associated with the tunnel-valleys and scouring out the present deep-water channel; this being probably the first physical opening of the Strait of Dover. The tunnel-valleys were infilled during the Eemian interglacial and finally during the Brorup interstadial as evidenced by palynological study of borehole V 050 cores. The authors propose to name the major northern buried valley described in this paper 'Fosse Dangeard’, to honour the doyen of English Channel geology, Professeur Louis Dangeard. We are happy to have received his gracious acceptance of this proposal.

On Some British Marine Tardigrada, Including two New Species of Batillipes

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leland W. Pollock
Keyword(s):  
East Coast ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
English Channel ◽  
The West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Strangford Lough ◽  
North Wales ◽  
German Coast ◽  
The North Sea

INTRODUCTIONUntil recently only two marine members of the phylum Tardigrada were known to occur in Britain. Echiniscoides sigismundi (Schultze), was found associated with mussels (Green, 1950) and intertidal barnacles (Crisp & Hobart, 1954). The interstitial species, Batillipes mirus Richters, was located at beaches in North Wales (Boaden, 1963) and Strangford Lough in Northern Ireland (Boaden, 1966).Interstitial tardigrades have been reported from several localities around the North Sea. The fauna of the German coast is particularly well studied; Schultze, 1867; Richters, 1908, 1909; Schulz, 1935, 1951, 1953; Grell, 1937; Remane, 1940; Freidrich, 1963; Riemann, 1966a, b; Schmidt, 1969. This German fauna includes three species of Batillipes and single representatives of five other genera. In addition, E. sigismundi and B. mirus have been found in Norway (Tambs-Lyche, 1939–40). Along the French coast of the English Channel, eight species from six genera are reported. While most studies originated at RoscofT, including Cuénot, 1892; Cantacuzène, 1951; Guèrin, 1960; Swedmark, 1951, 1955, 1956a; Swedmark & Teissier, 1967; Thulin, 1942, two species of Batillipes have been located elsewhere on the northern coast of France (Renaud-Debyser & Salvat, 1963).In recent surveys of beaches in Britain, additional tardigrades have been located. Gray & Rieger (1971) reported their occurrence at several beaches on the north-east coast of Yorkshire, especially at Stoupe Beck, Robin Hood's Bay and Filey Beach near Scar-borough. Also, A. D. Mclntyre has found them in his collections at Firemore Bay in Loch Ewe on the west coast of Scotland. This paper describes specimens generously provided from these two studies.

scholarly journals On the Value of Certain Plankton Animals as Indicators of Water Movements in the English Channel and North Sea

1935 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. S. Russell
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Atlantic Water ◽  
English Channel ◽  
The West ◽  
Southern North Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
Channel Water ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Apparent Influence ◽  
Neritic Species

The possibility that certain plankton organisms retained by a stramin net may prove of value as indicators in elucidating the water movements at the mouth of the English Channel is shown.The water populated by Sagitta setosa is shown to be clearly demarked from that in which S. elegans lives, the latter living to the west of the Channel mouth south of Ireland. The water in which S. elegans lives has here been called “western” water.It is shown that the planktonic indicators for “western” water are Sagitta elegans, Sagitta serratodentata, Aglantha rosea, Stephanomia bijuga, Clione limacina, Meganyctiphanes norvegica, Thysanoessa inermis, and Cosmetira pilosella (in spring and summer only). Sagitta setosa is regarded as an indicator of “Channel” water. Muggiæa, Salps, Doliolids, Liriope exigua and Euchœa hebes are regarded as indicators of “south-western” water.The geographical distribution of S. setosa is discussed. It is shown that it is probably a neritic species mainly confined to the English Channel and North Sea.S. setosa predominates off Plymouth when the easterly element in the Dover Straits current is suppressed and the flow of Atlantic water into the North Sea from the north is strong (Carruthers' Theory). The two Sagitta populations swing to and fro off Plymouth so that, with a strong flow of Atlantic water into the North Sea from the north, the S. elegans population is pushed westward to the mouth of the Channel and S. setosa occurs off Plymouth.During the course of the five years, 1930 to 1934, an agreement has been found between the occurrence or absence of concentrations of the diatom Rhizosolenia styliformis in the southern North Sea and the variations in the composition of the Sagitta population off Plymouth In the years in which Ehizosolenia, an indicator of Atlantic water, was abundant in the southern North Sea S. setosa predominated off Plymouth; when Rhizosolenia was absent S. elegans predominated.These diatom concentrations have been shown by Savage and Hardy t o have an apparent influence on the movements of the Herring which is reflected in the landings at Yarmouth and Lowestoft.

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