Plant extracts inducing systemic resistance in Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) seedlings against Rhizoctonia solani: modulating antioxidant enzymes and PR-proteins expression

This study was conducted on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. K-21) to investigate the bioprotective nature of Pseudomonas fluorescens and its interactive effects with Meloidogyne incognita in terms of growth biomarkers, changes in biochemical attributes and modulation in antioxidant enzymes of the tomato plant. In this study, we grew tomato plants with M. incognita and P. fluorescens in separate pots, simultaneously and sequentially (15 days prior or post) after 15 days of seed sowing. The sequential inoculation of Mi15→Pf maximally increased the root-knot index and decreased the nematode population. It was also noted that inoculation suppressed the plant growth biomarkers in comparison to control. However, maximum suppression in nematode reproduction and increment in growth and physiological attributes were observed when P. fluorescens was applied 15 days prior to the nematode (Pf15→Mi) as compared to control. All the treatments showed an increase in antioxidant enzymes. Expression of phenol content and defensive enzymes such as peroxidase (POX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased, in contrast to a significant reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents when compared with the untreated inoculated plants. However, the highest levels of POX and SOD, and a lowest of phenol, MDA and H2O2 were displayed in the treatment Pf15→Mi, followed by Mi+Pf and Mi15→Pf.

Download Full-text

Genotypic Variation under Fe Deficiency Results in Rapid Changes in Protein Expressions and Genes Involved in Fe Metabolism and Antioxidant Mechanisms in Tomato Seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms161226086 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 16 (12) ◽

pp. 28022-28037 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sowbiya Muneer ◽

Byoung Jeong

Keyword(s):

Solanum Lycopersicum ◽

Genotypic Variation ◽

Fe Deficiency ◽

Tomato Seedlings ◽

Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽

Rapid Changes ◽

Protein Expressions ◽

Antioxidant Mechanisms

Download Full-text

Management of Fusarium Wilt Disease of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Using Selected Plant Extracts

International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research ◽

10.18488/journal.70.2021.83.114.121 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 114-121

Author(s):

Aduramigba Modupe, A. O ◽

Alawiye T. T ◽

Adedire O. M

Keyword(s):

Solanum Lycopersicum ◽

Fusarium Wilt ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽

Fusarium Wilt Disease

Download Full-text

In vitro antifungal potential of plant extracts against Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phaseolina.

Annals of Plant Sciences ◽

10.21746/aps.2017.9.2 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

pp. 1676 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ramaraju Cherkupally ◽

Srinivasa Reddy Kota ◽

Hindumathi Amballa ◽

Bhumi Narasimha Reddy

Keyword(s):

Rhizoctonia Solani ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Mycelial Growth ◽

Aloe Vera ◽

Datura Stramonium ◽

Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽

Calotropis Procera ◽

Fungitoxic Effect

The antifungal activity of aqueous extracts of nine plants viz, Azadirachta indica, Parthenium hysterophorus, Momordica charantia, Allium sativum, Eucalyptus globules, Calotropis procera, Aloe vera, Beta vulgaris and Datura stramonium were assessed in vitro against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae, Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phaseolina, the soil borne phytopathogens. The assessment of fungitoxic effect was carried out by using three different concentrations i.e., 5, 10 and 20% against the test fungi, in terms of percentage of mycelial growth inhibition. The extract of A. sativum completely inhibited the mycelial growth of M. phaseolina at all the concentrations. The extracts of D. stramonium and E. globulus inhibited the mycelial growth of R. solani of 72%, and 70.7% respectively at 20% concentration, that of A. sativum, E. globulus and D. stramonium exhibited inhibition percentage of 63.3%, 61.8% and 61.1% respectively at 20% concentration on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae. The application of plant extracts for disease management could be less expensive, easily available, non-polluting and eco-friendly.

Download Full-text

Effect of some plant extracts on germination and seeding of Raphanus sativus and effect on surface growth ofRhizoctonia solani

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.8.1.319-323 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 319-323

Author(s):

Baghdad Science Journal

Keyword(s):

Rhizoctonia Solani ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Raphanus Sativus ◽

Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽

Surface Growth ◽

Thymus Vulgaris ◽

Salvia Sclarea ◽

Growth Of Seedlings ◽

Seeds Germination ◽

Infection Percentage

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of leaves extract of Salvia sclarea , Rosmarinus officinalis and Thymus vulgaris with 10% and 30% concentration on germination of seeds and growth of seedlings . The effect of these extracts on infection percentage of seeds decay and surface growth of Rhizoctonia solani . The results showed that the three extracts effected significantly to reduced percentage of seeds germination, acceleration of germination , promoter indicator , infection percentage of seeds decay and surface growth of R. solani especially in 30% concentration .

Download Full-text

Infection with Rhizoctonia solani Induces Defense Genes and Systemic Resistance in Potato Sprouts Grown Without Light

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-98-11-1190 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 98 (11) ◽

pp. 1190-1198 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

M. J. Lehtonen ◽

P. Somervuo ◽

J. P. T. Valkonen

Keyword(s):

Rhizoctonia Solani ◽

Secondary Infection ◽

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Systemic Resistance ◽

Pathogen Defense ◽

Systemic Induction ◽

Challenge Inoculation ◽

Apical Portion ◽

Significant Damage ◽

Basal Portion

Rhizoctonia solani is an important soilborne and seedborne fungal pathogen of potato (Solanum tuberosum). The initial infection of sprouts prior to emergence causes lesions and may be lethal to the sprout or sprout tip, which results in initiation and compensatory growth of new sprouts. They emerge successfully and do not suffer significant damage. The mechanism behind this recovery phenomenon is not known. It was hypothesized that infection may induce pathogen defense in sprouts, which was investigated in the present study. Tubers were sprouted in cool and moist conditions in darkness to mimic conditions beneath soil. The basal portion of the sprout was isolated from the apical portion with a soft plastic collar and inoculated with highly virulent R. solani. Induction of defense-related responses was monitored in the apical portion using microarray and quantitative polymerase chain reaction techniques at 48 and 120 h postinoculation (hpi) and by challenge-inoculation with R. solani in two experiments. Differential expression of 122 and 779 genes, including many well-characterized defense-related genes, was detected at 48 and 120 hpi, respectively. The apical portion of the sprout also expressed resistance which inhibited secondary infection of the sprouts. The observed systemic induction of resistance in sprouts upon infection with virulent R. solani provides novel information about pathogen defense in potato before the plant emerges and becomes photosynthetically active. These results advance our understanding of the little studied subject of pathogen defense in subterranean parts of plants.

Download Full-text