scholarly journals Assessment of biosolids in earthworm choice tests with different species and soils

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-265
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Eisenia Fetida ◽  
Lumbricus Terrestris ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Toxicity Data ◽  
Aporrectodea Caliginosa ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
Efficient Screening ◽  
Allolobophora Chlorotica

Earthworm avoidance response is a new tool for rapid and efficient screening of potentially toxic substances added to soil environments. This technique was used to determine if five common, ecologically different earthworm species (Allolobophora chlorotica, Aporrectodea longa, Aporrectodea caliginosa, Eisenia fetida and Lumbricus terrestris) avoid soils amended with six biosolids (treated sewage sludge) applied at rates equivalent to realistic field rates of 0, 2, 5, 10 and 20 t ha-1. The results showed that A. chlorotica, E. fetida and L. terrestris were attracted by low concentrations of biosolids (2 t ha-1), whereas they avoided the highest concentration (20 t ha-1). The other species did not show any preferences. An additional treatment comparing the behaviour of E. fetida in natural and artificial soil suggested that the type of soil can alter the preference of earthworms. Comparisons of behavioural and actual toxicity data for the same six biosolids suggest that avoidance responses by earthworms are sensitive enough to reflect different toxicities of biosolids. It is concluded that earthworm avoidance behaviour offers an ecologically relevant tool for screening the deleterious rate-effect of biosolid amended soils.

Interaction of Earthworm Species in Sewage Sludge-Amended Soil Microcosms: Lumbricus terrestris and Eisenia fetida

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 847 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Hamilton ◽  
D. L. Dindal ◽  
C. M. Parkinson ◽  
M. J. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Eisenia Fetida ◽  
Lumbricus Terrestris ◽  
Soil Microcosms ◽  
Earthworm Species ◽  
Amended Soil

Consolidation of cement-treated sewage sludge using vertical drains

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 528-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Chu ◽  
M H Goi ◽  
T T Lim
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Model Tests ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Prefabricated Vertical Drains ◽  
Vertical Drains ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
The World

The disposal of sewage sludge and other waste materials has become a problem in many cities around the world. A study on the use of sewage sludge and other waste materials for land reclamation has been conducted. One of the methods studied is to dispose of the sludge after it has been mixed with binders or other waste materials and then to consolidate the mixture on site using surcharge and prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs). To study the consolidation behaviour of the sludge–binder mixtures around PVDs, model tests using a fully instrumented consolidation tank were conducted. Some of the test results are presented in this paper. The study shows that PVDs are effective in consolidating the sludge and binder mixtures, provided that the PVDs used can sustain large bending and resist corrosion by the chemicals in the sludge.Key words: consolidation, geoenvironmental, land reclamation, prefabricated vertical drains.

scholarly journals Assessing arsenic redox state evolution in solution and solid phase during As(III) sorption onto chemically-treated sewage sludge digestate biochars

2019 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. 232-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suchanya Wongrod ◽  
Stéphane Simon ◽  
Eric D. van Hullebusch ◽  
Piet N.L. Lens ◽  
Gilles Guibaud
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
State Evolution ◽  
Chemically Treated

scholarly journals Yield of castor bean fertilized with sewage sludge and potassium and magnesium sulphate

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 773-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thâmara F. M. Cavalcanti ◽  
Geraldo R. Zuba ◽  
Regynaldo A. Sampaio ◽  
João P. Carneiro ◽  
Ely S. A. de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Iron Copper ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
N Requirement ◽  
Bean Leaves

<title>ABSTRACT</title><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the yield and nutrition of castor bean in response to fertilization with sewage sludge and potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) sulphate. The experiment was carried out from January to July 2011. The treatments, in a randomized block design with three replicates, in a Nitosol, corresponded to a factorial scheme (2 x 4 +1): two doses of K and Mg sulphate combined with four doses of sewage sludge (0, 2.60, 5.20 and 10.40 t ha<sup>-1</sup>, dry basis), applied based on its nitrogen (N) content and the N requirement for the crop and an additional treatment with NPK. The castor bean grain yield fertilized with sewage sludge did not differ from conventional fertilization, with the maximum value achieved at a dose of 7.5 t ha<sup>-1</sup> of sewage sludge. The fertilization with sewage sludge increased zinc and copper levels in the soil to values close to or higher than those in conventional fertilization, without any influence on the concentrations in the leaf. Fertilization with K and Mg sulphate increased the levels of these cations in the soil without affecting the concentrations in the leaves. The fertilization with sewage sludge increased the contents of organic matter, sulfur, zinc, iron, copper and boron in the soil, and manganese and boron in castor bean leaves.</p>

The Water Relations of Earthworms

1956 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
BETTY I. ROOTS
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Lumbricus Terrestris ◽  
The Body ◽  
Glass Tubes ◽  
Allolobophora Chlorotica

1. The water content of Lumbricus terrestris, after keeping on moist filter-paper for 3 or 4 days, is 84.8% of its body weight. That of Allolobophora chlorotica is 80% of its body weight. Both species can survive a loss of 60% of the body weight, but not much more. 2. Earthworms of the species A. chlorotica, A. terrestris f. longa, Dendrobaena subrubicunda, L. rubellus and L. terrestris are all able to survive from 31 to 50 weeks in soil totally submerged beneath aerated water. The same species, and A. caliginosa can survive for 72-137 days in aerated tap water without food. 3. Garden specimens of A. chlorotica make U-shaped burrows in soil beneath water. They do not irrigate either the burrows or glass tubes. Egg-cocoons of A. chlorotica, taken from culture pots of soil, will hatch under water and the young worms will feed and grow though totally immersed.

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