scholarly journals Effect of elevated CO2 and temperature on growth parameters of pea (Pisum sativum L.) crop

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1941-1946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meena Kumari ◽  
S. C. Verma ◽  
S. K. Bhardwaj ◽  
Ashok K. Thakur ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Natural Condition ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Elevated Co2 And Temperature ◽  
Ambient Co2

Global warming is predicted to have negative effect on plant growth due to the damaging effect of high temperature on plant development. The field experiment was conducted during 2014-15 to study effect of elevated CO2 and temperature on growth parameters of pea (Pisum sativum L.) crop in order to check the effect of climatechange on vegetable crops. Effect was studied under four conditions i.e. Open Top Chambers, T1: OTC - elevated CO2550±10 ppm; T2: OTC -elevated CO2 550±10 ppm and temperature 1°C; T3: OTC - ambient CO2 and temperature (reference) and T4: natural condition. Maximum plant height at 50 % flowering was recorded in T1 (84.29cm) at elevated CO2 which differed significantly with T2 (79.47cm) at elevated CO2 and temperature, T3 (73.60cm) at ambient CO2 and temperature and natural condition (70.73cm). Minimum days to 50 per cent flowering were recorded in plants growing under T2 (68.56 days). Maximum pollen viability was recorded in T1 (77.42%) followed by T3 (76.36%), T4 (74.65%) and T2 (69.97%). Internode length of plants grown under T1 was maximum (7.01cm) followed by T2 (6.68cm), T3 (6.00cm) and T4 (5.05cm). Elevated temperature and CO2 had significant effects on growth and development in vegetables. Overall, growth parameters of pea crop were affected positively by elevated CO2 whereas under interaction effect of elevated CO2 and temperature these positive effects of CO2 were offset by elevated temperature effect and hampered the growth of pea crop which interns can affect the yield and quality of crop under changing climate scenario.

scholarly journals Effect of elevated CO2 and temperature on crop growth and yield attributes of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
MEENA KUMARI ◽  
S.C. VERMA ◽  
S.K. BHARDWAJ
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Natural Condition ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Elevated Co2 And Temperature

Investigations were carried out during 2014 and 2015 to study the effect of elevated CO2 and temperature on growth and yield contributing parameters of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under open top chamber (OTC) at research farm of Department of Environmental Science, Dr Y.S. Parmar UHF, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh with four treatments [T1(eCO2): OTC with elevated CO2 550±10 ppm; T2(eT & eCO2): elevated temperature by 1°C and elevated CO2 550±10 ppm; T3(aT & aCO2): ambient temperature and CO2 and T4: natural condition] and each treatment had two varieties (California Wonder and Solan Bharpur) of bell pepper which were replicated thrice. Results revealed that bell pepper recorded maximum plant height, leaf area, yield attributes under eCO2 which were significantly higher than all other treatments. However, the harvest duration and days to first harvest was lowest under eCO2. Higherfruit size as well as fruit weight was recorded with eCO2 followed by eT and eCO2, aT and aCO2 and open natural condition. But maximum number of fruits and highest fruit yield was obtained with natural condition which was significantly superior over eCO2 as well as over eT and eCO2 because increase in temperature negated fruit set due to less pollen viability under eCO2 and eT & eCO2 as compared to open. In open natural conditions due to higher pollen viability and more fruit setting as compared to higher CO2 andtemperature conditions, it resulted more yield. Solan Bharpur recorded higher total fruit yield (800.2 g plant-1) than California Wonder (399.1 g plant-1). Elevated CO2 has positive effect on plant growth and yield attributes in both cultivars of bell pepper. However, under interactive effect of elevated CO2 and elevated temperature, rising temperature negated the positive effects of elevated CO2 on crop production.

scholarly journals Effect of elevated CO2 and temperature on growth and yield contributing parameters of pea (Pisum sativum L.) crop

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
MEENA KUMARI ◽  
S.C. VERMA ◽  
S.K. BHARDWAJ
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Elevated Co2 And Temperature ◽  
Pod Length

An experiment was conducted during 2014 and 2015 at Solan, Himachal Pradesh to study the effect of elevated CO2 (eCO2) and temperature (eT) on growth and yield contributing parameters of pea (Pisum sativum L.) crop under four conditions of CO2 and temperature in open top chambers and open natural condition. The study revealed that pea plants performed better under eCO2, with slight changes in development and yield attributing traits, depending on the cultivars. However, the beneficial direct impactof elevated CO2 (eCO2) on crop yield can counteract by elevated temperature (eT). Pooled data for two years indicated that growth and yield attributing traits like plant height, days to first harvest of pods, harvest duration, fresh weight and biomass, number of pods per plant, pod length, pod girth, pod yield were improved under eCO2. However, responses of these attributes were negated with eT. Pea cultivars PB-89 performed well under eCO2 and eT conditions as compared to Azad P-1.

scholarly journals Effect of elevated CO2 and temperature on growth and yield of winter rice under Jorhat condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
PARISHMITA DAS ◽  
R. L. DEKA ◽  
J. GOSWAMI ◽  
SMRITA BARUA
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Temperature Levels ◽  
Elevated Co2 And Temperature ◽  
Ambient Co2

A pot experiment was conducted during kharif, 2018 inside CO2 Temperature Gradient Tunnels (CTGT) to assess the effect of elevated CO2 and temperature [T0: ambient temperature & ambient CO2, T1: elevated temperature (ambient +1°C) & elevated CO2 (ambient+25% of ambient) and T2: elevated temperature (ambient +2°C) & elevated CO2 (ambient + 50% of ambient)] under three different transplanting dates (D1: 25th June, D2: 10th July and D3: 25th July) on growth and yield of rice in Jorhat district of Assam. The result showed that occurrence of different phenological stages was earlier under elevated CO2-Temperature conditions resulting in reduction of crop duration by about 8-15 days. On the other hand,days to tiller initiation increased whereas days to panicle initiation, flowering and physiological maturity reduced with delay in transplanting. Yield attributing parameters were improved under elevated CO2-Temperature condition. With respect to dates of transplanting, D2 recorded higher number of panicles hill-1 (17.9) and higher filled grains panicle-1 (156.6). Higher grain yield (55.9g hill-1) was found under T2 which was at par with T1 and it was significant higher over the ambient. Grain yield was significantly reduced when transplanting was delayed after 10th July. The results revealed that the growth and yield of rice was found to be better under elevated CO2-temperature levels when transplanted on 10th July.

Pea pollen viability and seed set response at high night temperatures

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-335
Author(s):  
Yunfei Jiang ◽  
Arthur R. Davis ◽  
Thomas D. Warkentin ◽  
Rosalind A. Bueckert
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Flower Abortion

Field pea (Pisum sativum L.), a major pulse crop in western Canada, is sensitive to elevated temperature and possibly to high night temperature. Our objective was to examine if increasing night temperature while maintaining a constant daytime temperature affected pollen viability and seed set in two pea cultivars (CDC Golden and CDC Sage). Cultivars were exposed to 27/18, 27/22, 27/26 °C (day/night temperatures) for 7 d during flowering stage. Results indicated that increased night temperatures had no significant effect on pollen viability, the number of reproductive nodes and flowers, percentage of flower abortion, seed number per pod, and seed yield per plant.

Effect of elevated CO2 and temperature on biochemistry of groundnut and inturn its effect on development of leaf eating caterpillar, Spodoptera litura fabricius

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shwetha . ◽  
A.G. Sreenivas ◽  
J. Ashoka ◽  
Sushila Nadagoud ◽  
P.H. Kuchnoor
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Mediated Effects ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Elevated Co2 And Temperature

Climate change in terms of elevated CO2 (eCO2) and temperature may have host mediated effects which could affect the survival, growth and development, and population dynamics of insect herbivores. The present study aimed to examine the growth and development of leaf feeding Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) reared on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) grown under different climate change treatments under open top chambers (OTC’s) at University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka. Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, C: N ratio, phenols and tannins was observed in the groundnut foliage grown under eCO2 conditions. This alteration in food quality in elevated conditions significantly affected the growth parameters of S. litura in the form of increased food consumption, increased larval weight and more faecal matter production due to extended larval and pupal duration. This resulted in reduced fecundity, particularly in the population raised under eCO2 conditions compared to ambient conditions. Further, the insect larva showed increased approximate digestibility and relative consumption rate under eCO2 condition coupled with reduced efficiency of conversion of ingested food. As a result, the relative growth rate was decreased under eCO2 conditions. In nutshell, it can be concluded that eCO2 concentrations altered the quality of groundnut foliage as it was noticed by the changes in biochemical constituents of the foliage and has the negative effect on the growth and development of S. litura.

Carbon partitioning in N2 fixing Medicago sativa plants exposed to different CO2 and temperature conditions

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iker Aranjuelo ◽  
Juan J. Irigoyen ◽  
Manuel Sánchez-Díaz ◽  
Salvador Nogués
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Photosynthetic Acclimation ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Sink Strength ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Elevated Co2 And Temperature

Many of the studies analysing the CO2 effect on plant development have been conducted in optimal growth conditions. Furthermore, although some of those studies suggest that legumes might show a steady productivity increase with rising CO2, the role of nodule activity on the plant responsiveness to predicted atmospheric CO2 enhancement is not well understood. In this study, C (metabolism and allocation) and N (nodule activity) interaction between the plant and the bacterial symbiont during the photosynthetic acclimation of N2-fixing alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. cv. Aragón) plants exposed to elevated CO2 and temperature conditions was analysed. The plants were grown in temperature gradient greenhouses (TGG) where, in the case of elevated CO2 treatments, the isotopic 13C/12C composition (δ13C) inside the TGG was modified. Compared with the corresponding temperature treatment, exposure to 700 μmol mol–1 CO2 enhanced dry mass (DM) of plants in elevated temperature treatments (26%), whereas no significant effect was detected in ambient temperature treatments. The δ13C data revealed that although all the carbon corresponding to leaf total organic matter (TOM) came from newly assimilated C, plants exposed to elevated CO2 did not develop strong sink activity (especially in ambient temperature conditions). Leaf carbohydrate build-up induced reduction in the Rubisco (E.C. 4.1.1.39) carboxylation capacity of plants. Despite this reduction in Rubisco content, plants exposed to elevated CO2 conditions maintained (at ambient temperature) or increased (at elevated temperature) photosynthetic rates (measured at growth conditions) by increasing N use efficiency. The larger C sink strength of nodules in plants grown at elevated CO2 and temperature conditions did not contribute towards overcoming photosynthetic acclimation. Further, the inhibitory effect of CO2 on nodule total activity was caused by a large depletion in total soluble protein (TSP) of nodules. Depletion of leaf N demand, together with the reduction in nodule carbohydrate availability (as reflected by the nodule starch concentration), negatively affected the nodule TSP content and enzymatic activity.

scholarly journals Elevated CO2 and temperature effect on growth and physiology of Chenopodium album L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-278
Author(s):  
MANILA BHATIA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Stress Injury ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Relative Stress ◽  
Elevated Co2 And Temperature ◽  
Effect On Growth

A study was conducted in open top chambers (OTCs) to understand the effect of elevated temperature (ambient+2±0.5oC) and elevated CO2 (550±50 ppm) individually and in combination on Chenopodium album. Impact of the climate variables was studied in terms of selected plant attributes, viz., leaf area, RGR etc. Study showed that elevated temperature as well as elevated CO2 individually and in combination had significant positive effect on growth and development, rate of photosynthesis, and water use efficiency of the Chenopodium album. Rate of transpiration and stomatal conductance increased marginally in plants grown at elevated temperature, but a marked decrease was evident at elevated CO2 individually and in combination with elevated temperature as compared that in plants grown in ambient conditions in the Chenopodium album. No significant changes were observed in relative water content and relative stress injury under any of the Chenopodium album. Treatments changes were evident with respect to the activity of antioxidant enzymes and nitrate reductase and peptide banding pattern using SDS-PAGE. This research was conducted to examine the joint effects of increased temperature and elevated CO2 level onChenopodium album (C3 weed). Results from this experiment suggested that rising (CO2) could alter physiochemical response for growth and development of Chenopodium album and it is well defined competitors with different crops in current changing climate conditions.

scholarly journals Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Temperature Affect Seed Composition, Mineral Nutrition, and 15N and 13C Dynamics in Soybean Genotypes under Controlled Environments

2017 ◽  
pp. 56-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nacer Bellaloui ◽  
Yanbo Hu ◽  
Alemu Mengistu ◽  
Hamed K. Abbas ◽  
My Abdelmajid Kassem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Controlled Environments ◽  
Elevated Co2 And Temperature

The seed nutrition of crops is affected by global climate changes due to elevated CO2 and temperatures. Information on the effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on seed nutrition is very limited in spite of its importance in seed quality and food security. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 and temperature on seed composition (protein, oil, fatty acids, and sugars) and mineral nutrition in two soybean cultivars under controlled environments. The treatments were ambient CO2 concentrations (360 μmol mol-1) and elevated CO2 concentration (700 μmol mol-1) as well as normal temperature (26/16°C) and elevated temperature (45/35°C). Plants were grown under greenhouse conditions until the R5 stage, and then, transferred to growth chambers until full maturity (R8). Elevated temperature or a combination of elevated temperature and elevated CO2 resulted in a decrease in seed protein and linolenic acid concentrations and an increase in oil and oleic acid in cultivars Williams 82 (MGIII) and Hutcheson (MG V). Seed sucrose, glucose, and fructose decreased, whereas raffinose and stachyose remained relatively stable. Minerals also decreased under elevated CO2 and temperature. Among those that decreased were N, P, K, Zn, Fe, and B. Natural abundance of 15N and 13C isotopes was altered only under high temperature, regardless of CO2 concentration, indicating that changes in nitrogen and carbon metabolism occurred at elevated temperature. The increase in oil and oleic acid and decrease in linolenic acid are desirable, as high oleic acid and low linolenic acid contribute to the stability and longer shelf-life of oil. The combination of low protein and high oil was due to the inverse relationship between them. This study showed that seed composition and seed mineral nutrients can be affected by elevated temperature alone or elevated CO2 and temperature. This information is beneficial for selecting varieties with high seed nutritional qualities and efficient mineral nutrient use and uptake, traits that are related to seed production, seed quality, and food security. Also, it provides further knowledge on the effect of climate change on seed quality.

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