scholarly journals Predicting Wetting Patterns in Soil from a Single Subsurface Drip Irrigation System

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 41-53
Author(s):  
Heba Najem Abid ◽  
Maysoon Basheer Abid
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Model Efficiency ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Wetted Area ◽  
Soil Wetting ◽  
Subsurface Drip

Soil wetted pattern from a subsurface drip plays great importance in the design of subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) system for delivering the required water directly to the roots of the plant. An equation to estimate the dimensions of the wetted area in soil are taking into account water uptake by roots is simulated numerically using HYDRUS (2D/3D) software. In this paper, three soil textures namely loamy sand, sandy loam, and loam soil were used with three different types of crops tomato, pepper, and cucumber, respectively, and different values of drip discharge, drip depth, and initial soil moisture content were proposed. The soil wetting patterns were obtained at every thirty minutes for a total time of irrigation equal to three hours. Equations for wetted width and depth were predicted and evaluated by utilizing the statistical parameters (model efficiency (EF), and root mean square error (RMSE)). The model efficiency was more than 95%, and RMSE did not exceed 0.64 cm for three soils. This shows that evolved formula can be utilized to describe the soil wetting pattern from SDI system with good accuracy.      

scholarly journals ANALYSIS THE WETTED AREA FOR SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION IN DIFFERENT SOILS TEXTURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 712-722
Author(s):  
Z. K. Rasheed
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Wetted Area ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
Water Contents ◽  
Soil Water Contents ◽  
Volumetric Soil Water

Subsurface drip irrigation is one of the most efficient systems for management of water.  This study is aimed to analysis the wetted area for subsurface drip irrigation system.  Several models are developed for predicting the wetted widths and the wetted depths which are very important for designing an optimal irrigation system. HYDRUS/2D is used for predicting the dimensions of wetting patterns numerically by using the two dimensional transient flow of water from a subsurface drip irrigation through sandy loam and loamy sand soils.   The wetting patterns from a subsurface drip source are simulated by using the system of United States Department of Agriculture, USDA, the wetting patterns are simulated at different values of applied heads, different diameters of drip, and different values of initial volumetric soil water contents which selected as initial conditions.  In this work, greater spreading occurs in loamy sand than sandy loam in vertical and horizontal directions. Moreover, the results showed that the empirical formulas which can be used for estimating the wetting dimensions of wetted width and wetted depth in terms of initial volumetric soil water contents, applied heads, diameters of the drip and times of operation, are good with an average relative error not exceed 3%, so it can be used to assist the designers in irrigation field.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of Soil Water from Subsurface Drip Irrigation for Fine and Medium Textures

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Heba Najem Abid ◽  
Maysoon Basheer Abid
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Time ◽  
Wetted Area ◽  
Soil Wetting ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
Good Agreement

Subsurface drip irrigation is one of the modern irrigation techniques that assist to control applied water by providing water to plant roots by drippers.  Numerical simulation by using HYDRUS (2D/3D) was used to develop a formulas for estimating wetted area from subsurface drip irrigation together with water uptake by roots. In this study, two soil types, namely sand and sandy clay loam, were used with two types of crops, (tomatoes and onions). Different values of initial moisture content of soil, drip depth, and drip discharge were used in the simulation. The soil wetting patterns were analyzed each half an hour for three hours of irrigation time, and five initial soil moisture contents and different flow rates. To verify the results gained by applying HYDRUS (2D/3D)  a field experiment was carried out to measure the wetted width and compare measured values with simulated values. Formulas for wetted width and depth were developed. The performance of the model was evaluated by comparing the predicted results with those obtained from field experiments. The modeling efficiency was greater than 98% and the root mean square error did not exceed 1.68 cm for both soils with good agreement.

scholarly journals Water and nutrient productivity in melon crop by fertigation under subsurface drip irrigation and mulching in contrasting soils

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Otávio Câmara Monteiro ◽  
Rubens Duarte Coelho ◽  
Priscylla Ferraz Câmara Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Nutrient Productivity ◽  
Subsurface Drip

Cropping intensification and technical, economic and environmental issues require efficient application of production factors to maintain the soil productive capacity and produce good quality fruits and vegetables. The production factors, water and NPK nutrients, are the most frequent limiting factors to higher melon yields. The objective of the present study was to identify the influence of subsurface drip irrigation and mulching in a protected environment on the water and NPK nutrients productivity in melon cropped in two soil types: sandy loam and clay. The melon crop cultivated under environmental conditions with underground drip irrigation at 0.20m depth, with mulching on sandy loam soil increased water and N, P2O5 and K use efficiency.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Root Water Uptake and Urea Fertigation Distribution under Subsurface Drip Irrigation

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Galal Eltarabily ◽  
Khaled M. Bali ◽  
Abdelazim M. Negm ◽  
Chihiro Yoshimura
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Nitrate Concentration ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Irrigation Event ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Silty Loam ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
Emitter Discharge

Shallow groundwater contamination by nitrate is frequent in agricultural lands in Egypt because of the use of urea fertilizers. The urea transformation process in the vadose zone was simulated using a HYDRUS-2D model, Software package for simulations of 2D movement of water, heat, and multiple solutes in variably saturated media, for subsurface drip irrigation. The root water and nutrient uptake were assessed for three soil types (sandy loam, loam, and silty loam) with three emitter discharge levels (1.0 L h−1, 1.50 L h−1, and 2.0 L h−1), for a comparison of three fertigation strategies (A) at the beginning, (B) at the end, and (C) at the middle of the irrigation cycle. The extension of the wetted area mainly depends on soil hydraulic conductivity. The high emitter discharge with a short irrigation time is suitable for shallow-rooted crops. The cumulative flux was highest for silty loam soil and the lowest was for the sandy loam soil (1891, and 1824 cm3) for the 2 L h−1 emitter discharge within the 35 days simulation. The cumulative drainage significantly differs among soil types with little effect of emitter discharge. It recorded 1213, 295, 11.9 cm3 for sandy loam, loam, silty loam, respectively. Urea transformation is controlled by hydrolysis and nitrification as well as the adsorption coefficient of ammonium. Nitrate distribution is mainly governed by soil type rather than the emitter discharge where the sandy loam soil is more highly susceptible to nitrate leaching than to silty loam. Nitrate concentration has recorded the minimum possible level when applying the urea fertilizer at the beginning of the irrigation event for sandy loam and loam soil while for the silty loam soil, urea application at the middle of the irrigation event is more effective. Urea application at the end of the irrigation event gives the highest accumulated leached nitrate concentration below the root zone and should be avoided (the worst strategy).

Simulating Soil Water Content under Surface and Subsurface Drip Irrigation with Municipal Wastewater

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
VINOD KUMAR TRIPATHI
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
Irrigation Technologies

The demand of wastewater for irrigation is gradually increasing due to escalatingcompetition for freshwater by urban, industrial, and agricultural users. To sustain or increase agricultural production, there is a need to adopt highly efficient irrigation technologies such as surface or subsurface drip irrigation systems. Studies related to water distribution under any irrigation system and water quality are important for efficient water and nutrients application. In present study, the water dynamics under surface and subsurface drip irrigation was evaluated by taking cauliflower as a test crop on sandy loam soil. The calibrated model predicted all the parameters close to observed values with RMSE values ranging from 0.05to 0.92. HYDRUS -2D model has ability to predict water distribution with reasonably good accuracy in present crop and soil condition.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of Water Distribution with Uptake Root in Drip Irrigation using Different Soil Hydraulic Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-61
Author(s):  
Israa Saad Faraj ◽  
Maysoon Basheer Abid
Keyword(s):  
Relative Error ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Soil Wetting ◽  
Surface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Wetting Pattern

Surface drip irrigation is one of the most conservative irrigation techniques that help control providing water directly on the soil through the emitters. It can supply fertilizer and providing water directly to plant roots by drippers. One of the essential needs for trickle irrigation nowadays is to obtain more knowledge about the moisture pattern under the trickling source for various types of soil with various discharge levels with trickle irrigation. Simulation numerical using HYDRUS-2D software, version 2.04 was used to estimate an equation for the wetted area from a single surface drip irrigation in unsaturated soil is taking into account water uptake by roots. In this paper, using two soil types were used, namely sandy loam and clay loam, with three types of plants; (corn, tomato, and sweet sorghum). The soil wetting pattern was analyzed each half an hour for three hours of irrigation time and three initial soil moisture content. Equations for wetted radius and wetted depth were predicted and evaluated by utilizing the statistical parameters for the different hydraulic soil models (Model Efficiency (EF) and Root Mean Squares Error (RMSE)). The values RMSE does not exceed 0.40 cm, and EF is greater than 0.96 for all types of soil. These values were between the values obtained from program  HYDRUS-2D and the values obtained from formulas. This shows that evolved formula can be utilized to describe the soil wetting pattern from the surface drip irrigation system. The relative error for the different hydraulic soil models was calculated and compared with Brooks and Corey's model, 1964. There was good agreement compared with different models. RMSE was 0.23 cm, while the relative error -1% and 1 for EF for wetted radius.

Simulation of soil wetting pattern with subsurface drip irrigation from line source

2006 ◽  
Vol 83 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 130-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.K. Singh ◽  
T.B.S. Rajput ◽  
D.K. Singh ◽  
H.S. Sikarwar ◽  
R.N. Sahoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Line Source ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Wetting ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
Wetting Pattern
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