PRODUCTIVE LONGEVITY OF THE COWS OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED UKRAINIAN DEPENDING ON HEREDITARY FACTORS

A rather low productive longevity of cows, particularly among holsteinized cattle stock, is observed in dairy husbandry of Ukraine. In the process of creating new dairy breeds in Ukraine, the reduction of cows’ lifespan and productive longevity along with yield increase are observed. The scientists’ research revealed the tendency to cows’ long-term performance reduction under the increasing of the genetic potential of a herd. It stipulates the topicality of the research as to the search of the effective genetic and selective methods of lengthening animals’ long-term performance. The goal of the research was to study the indicators of economic use and lifetime productivity of daughters from different bulls, as well as from different cows’ lines of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed. The research was conducted on the materials of a stud farm «Yerchyky» in Zhytomyr oblast which specializes in Ukrainian black-and-white livestock breeding, as well as on using own experimental data. The indices of cow economic use and lifetime productivity were determined on the ground of the term of rearing, life duration, term of economic use, amount of lactations, the total duration of lactation period, milk yields, milk yield per one lactation day, per life, and per economic use. The reasons for their disposal were determined according to veterinary disposal acts. The statistical data processing was done using the method of variational statistics. The power of influence of both, the paternity and the linear belonging, was determined by single-factor variance analysis. Having evaluated the daughters from different bulls of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed on a stud farm “Yerchyky”, it has been determined that daughters of Dilaita 542206 had better indices of economic use. They had both, the longest lifespan and the longest economic use, under uncertain distinction between them and the daughters from other bulls. The number of lactations in daughters from different bulls was low – in the range of 2.0 to 2.5. The coefficient of economic use was in the range of 48.4–50.5%. A long-life milk yield of daughters of Dilaita 542206 was the highest, but they had absolute advantage only above the half-sisters from stud bulls Virnyi 4975 and Klen 5221. The highest milk yield per lactation day had the daughters of Filder 5573125 (16.6 kg), which is by 2.8 kg more than the milk yield received from the daughters of Virnyi 4975, by 1 kg more than from the daughters of Dilait 5422064, by 2.9 kg more than from the female descendants of Klen 5212. On a one day basis of economic use, the highest milk yield had half-sisters of Kondon bull 397111, that is by 2.2 kg more than had the daughters of Virnyi 4975, by 1.8 kg more than had the daughters of Klen 5212. Practically there is no difference as to the milk yield of daughters of Dilait 5422064 and that of Fidler 5573215. The descendants of Fidler 5573125 had the highest milk yield per one day of life. The parameters of economic use and of the lifetime productivity of the cows of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed have been studied comparing different lines. The longest lifespan had the cows of Starbuck line, the cows of Waliant line had the longest economic use under uncertain difference when comparing with the descendants of other lines. The number of lactations was low and ranged from 2.3 to 2.6. The coefficient of economic use of the cows of different lines was within 48.6–54.00%. The highest life-term milk yield had the cows of Valiant and Vis Burke Aidiala lines. These cows had the best indices of economic use and of lifetime productivity, they had the highest milk yield per one lactation day. By means of single-factor variance analysis it has been determined that the paternity has a significant impact on the indices of economic use as well as on a linear belonging. A reliable part of bulls influence on the duration of cultivation period makes 7.2%, on milking yield per one day of lactation – 12.6%, on one day of economic use – 4.8%, on one day of life – 4.2%. The influence of linear belonging was lower. A reliable part of linear belonging influence on the duration of cultivation period makes 2.9%, on milking yield per one lactation period – 9.5%, and on one day of economic use – 3.3%.

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THE ESTIMATION OF THE ECONOMIC USE AND LIFETIME PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED DEPENDING ON THE REASONS OF THEIR DISPOSAL

Animal Breeding and Genetics ◽

10.31073/abg.56.11 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 56 ◽

pp. 84-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. L. Shulyar

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Total Duration ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Lactation Period ◽

Black And White ◽

Holstein Breed ◽

Reproductive Capability ◽

Economic Use ◽

Dairy Breed

An important selection peculiarity of dairy cows is their productive longevity. Besides, the indicators of cow productivity along with genetic potential are the most important criteria of the economic efficiency of their use. Low or not sufficient level of lifetime productivity indicators and of the period of the economic use of cows determine the necessity of monitoring of the selection information according to these indicators in the breed herds as well as the of using corresponding selection methods for their improvement. The goal of our research was the estimation of an economic use of lifetime cow productivity of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed depending on the reasons of their disposal from the herd and genotype. The research was conducted at a private agrarian firm (PAF) «Yerchyky» Zhytomyr oblast according to the data of breeding and productive use of 497 cows which were disposed from the herd on different reasons. The reasons for the cow disposal were determined according to the veterinary disposal acts. The indicators of cow economic use and lifetime productivity were determined on the ground of the term of rearing, life duration, term of economic use, amount of lactations, the total duration of lactation period, milk yields, milk yield per one lactation day, per life, and per economic use. Statistical processing was performed by means of Microsoft Excel software kit using the methods of variation statistics. As follows from the results of the research, in the process of holsteinization the dynamics of the parameters of the economic use of cows is characterized by curvilineal type: as follows from the heterotic effect they increased in animals with an conditional share of genetic heredity of Holstein breed from 50 and 62.5 to 75%, and then when the genetic heredity share of the improved breed increased by more than 75% they got worse due to the contradiction “genotype-environment”. At the same time within the determined genotypes (1st group-up to 50%, 5th group-87.6–100%) the indicators of lifetime productivity increase in case of 66% of reliable results. Besides, the interconnection level of the indices of lifetime use of the dairy cows of different genotypes has been studied. The criteria of the significance of the correlation coefficients according to Student has been used. The closer the linkage, the higher the correlation coefficients and the higher the criteria of their reliability. Generalized criteria of reliability on the grounds of all indicators of lifetime use was the lowest in cows of the 1st and 2nd groups, and the highest in cows of the 3rd group with further decrease in high half-bred cows and pure-breed cows of the 4th and 5th groups. It testifies to the fact that there is a close interconnection between given parameters and real milk yields in 3rd group cows (62.6–75.0% of the improved Holstein breed). At present, the reason of the shortening of the period of economic use is an early disposal of cows from the herd. A greater part of milking cows is disposed in the most productive period or even before it. At the given enterprise, a vast majority of holsteinized cows (77.5%) was disposed from the herd on four main reasons: unsatisfactory reproductive capability (32.2%), limbs diseases (22.3%), postpartal complications (13.9%) and low productivity (9.1%). The other reasons for cow disposal were within 1.6–7.0% (totaled up 22.5%) as to the total number of cow population that were disposed of the herd. It should be mentioned that the disposal caused by low productivity was only in the first calvers of the 1st and 2nd groups, in which the conditional share of genetic heredity of a Holstein breed did not exceed 62.5%. The parameters of the economic use and of lifetime productivity of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy cows of different genotypes which were disposed of the herd because of their unsatisfactory reproductive capability, limbs diseases, postpartal complications and low milking productivity have been also analyzed. It has been determined that the indicated reasons for the disposal had different effects on the parameters of an economic use and on cow productivity. Because of any of four indicated reasons for cow disposal of the herd under condition of in-barn keeping and optimal feeding the preference on lifetime productivity belongs to the cows of the 4th and 5th groups (with a conditional share of Holstein heredity of more than 75%) with simultaneous worsening of the indicators of economic use. As a third part of cows at this enterprise was disposed of the herd ahead of time on the reason of unsatisfactory reproductive capability, that results in breeding value and in the results of the economic use of cows, the updating of the technology of artificial animal insemination and renewal will promote to solving the problem.

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Ефективність довічного використання корів залежно від генотипових факторів

Вісник Полтавської державної аграрної академії ◽

10.31210/visnyk2018.02.16 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 103-105

Author(s):

Ю. І. Скляренко

Keyword(s):

Milk Yield ◽

Large Scale ◽

High Efficiency ◽

State Enterprise ◽

Lactation Period ◽

Efficiency Of Selection ◽

The Impact ◽

Economic Use ◽

Information Database ◽

Dairy Breed

У статті висвітлено основні результати досліджень щодо визначення впливу генотипових факторів на показники довічного використання корів. Встановлено, що дочки за всіма показниками довічного використання поступаються своїм матерям. Розраховані в ході досліджень величини коефіцієнтів успадкування («дочка – мати») та сили впливу на показники довічного використання корів за методом «батько – дочка» в умовах великомасштабної селекції молочної худоби дають підстави очікувати вищої ефективності підбору з інтенсивним використанням бугаїв-поліпшувачів за ознаками довічного використання корів у порівнянні з методом «мати – дочка». Сила впливу походження за батьком на показники довічного використання становить 20,5–33,4 %. The article presents the main results of research on determining the influence of genotype factors on indicators of lifetime use of cows. Domestic scientists pay much attention to the study of the influence of genotype factors on indicators of lifetime use of cows. The study was conducted according to the materials of the primary breeding records in the herd of State Enterprise «Experimental Farm of Institute of Agriculture of Northern East of NAAS» of Sumy region – it is one of the leading breeding factories of Ukrainian brown dairy breed cattle breeding. The materials of the electronic information database in SUMS ORSEC format are used as of 2017. In result of the conducted researches we have found that in animals of Ukrainian brown dairy breed worse indicators of lifetime productivity and duration of economic use. The coefficients of inheritance («daughter–mother») of indicators of lifetime use of Ukrainian brown dairy breed cows are low and in most cases statistically unreliable. Inheritance of life expectancy of cows is low h2=0,09; duration of economic use – h2=0,12; the duration of the lactation period – h2=0.08. Even lower the value of the coefficient of inheritance is characterized by the value of lifetime milk yield h2=0,07; milk yield per 1 day of life h2=0,02. We established in the course of studies coefficients of inheritance and the power of influence on the indicators of lifetime use of cows by the method of «father–daughter» in the context of large-scale breeding of dairy cattle give reason to expect high efficiency of selection with intensive use of bulls- producers on the grounds of lifetime use of cows in comparison with the method of «mother–daughter». The impact of origin for the father on the indicators of lifetime use is 20.5–33.4 %.

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INFLUENCE OF THE AGE AT THE FIRST INSEMINATION ON THE PRODUCTIVE LONGEVITY OF BLACK AND WHITE AND KHOLMOGORY COWS

VESTNIK OF THE BASHKIR STATE AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY ◽

10.31563/1684-7628-2019-51-3-58-63 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 58-63

Author(s):

T.A. Russkikh ◽

◽

V.A. Bychkova ◽

Keyword(s):

Milk Yield ◽

Lactation Period ◽

Mass Ratio ◽

Black And White ◽

Protein Mass ◽

Study Results ◽

Udmurt Republic ◽

Basic Standards ◽

Economic Use ◽

Fat Mass Ratio

The influence of the age at the first fruitful insemination on the productive longevity of the blackand-white and Kholmogory cows in Udmurt republic was analysed. The study results are presented in the paper. The economic use period of the study cows did not have statistical differences and lasted 3,42–3,43 lactation periods. Black-and-white cows exceeded Kholmogory cows in the lifetime milk yield (by 3416,5 kg), fat content in milk (by 0,47 %) and milk amount in terms of basic standards (by 6317,7 kg) (P > 0,999). The optimal age for the first insemination of black-and-white cows can be considered 16–17 months, since insemination at the specified age ensures highest longevity in cows (3,85 lactations) and the highest lifetime milk yield indices (21347,8 kg), also expressed in terms of basic standards (27065,6 kg). Too early insemination of the black-and-white cows (up to 15 months) is not recommended, as it results in the decreased lifetime milk yields (up to 15491,4 kg), fat and protein content and shortens the economic use period of the animals up to 3,33 lactation periods. The lowest longevity (3,07 lactation periods) was observed in the black-and-white cows inseminated at the age of more than 20 months. The Kholmogory cows demonstrated an increase in lifetime milk yields (1084,5 kg (P > 0,95)) and the economic use period (1,05 lactation period (P > 0,999)) when the age of the first insemination was increased. However, as the fat mass ratio in milk decreased (by 0,06 % (P > 0,999)) and the protein mass ratio in milk fell (by 0,02 % (P > 0,999)), the increase in lifetime milk yield in terms of basic standards resulted from the increase in the age of the first insemination has no significant differences.

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